Non-majority MQCA magnetic logic gates and arrays based on misaligned magnetic islands

A non-majority magnetic logic gate device comprising

• a substrate;
• a plurality of symmetrically aligned magnetic islands (SAMIs) disposed on the substrate, wherein
• most of the SAMIs are disposed either substantially perpendicular or substantially in parallel relative to a sweeping direction of an applied magnetic clock field such that the applied magnetic clock field is applied substantially parallel or perpendicular to a plane of the substrate;
• most of the SAMIs having a length longer than a width that respectively define easy and hard magnetic axes,
• most of the SAMIs are electrically isolated from each other,
• those SAMIs that are symmetrically aligned lengthwise side by side next to each other tend towards exhibiting antiferromagnetic coupling with each other,
• those SAMIs that are symmetrically aligned widthwise side by side next to each other tend towards exhibiting ferromagnetic coupling with each other,
• three adjacent SAMIs aligned linearly together so that the three adjacent SAMIs are magnetically coupled to each other;
• a misaligned magnetic island (MAMI) disposed on the substrate wherein
• the MAMI having a length longer than a width that respectively define easy and hard magnetic axes,
• the MAMI exhibiting a magnetization ground state bias which is dependent upon the sweeping direction of the applied magnetic clock field;
• and
• the MAMI is electrically isolated from the SAMIs,
• the MAMI magnetically coupled to a middle one of the three adjacent SAMIs such that the three adjacent SAMIs and the MAMI comprise an XOR gate;
• a plurality of magnetic field inputs (MFIs) disposed on the substrate and magnetically coupled to some of the SAMIs;
• and
• a magnetic field output (MFO) disposed on the substrate and magnetically coupled to the MAMI.

A magnetic logic gate array comprising:

• a substrate;
• a plurality of non-majority magnetic logic gate devices on the substrate, the devices comprising:
• a plurality of symmetrically aligned magnetic islands (SAMIs) disposed on the substrate, wherein
• most of the SAMIs are disposed either substantially perpendicular or substantially in parallel relative to a sweeping direction of an applied magnetic clock field such that the applied magnetic clock field is applied substantially parallel or perpendicular to a plane of the substrate;
• most of the SAMIs having a length longer than a width that respectively define easy and hard magnetic axes,
• most of the SAMIs are electrically isolated from each other,
• those SAMIs that are symmetrically aligned lengthwise side by side next to each other tend towards exhibiting antiferromagnetic coupling with each other, and
• those SAMIs that are symmetrically aligned widthwise side by side next to each other tend towards exhibiting ferromagnetic coupling with each other;
• a plurality of misaligned magnetic islands (MAMIs) disposed on the substrate wherein
• the MAMIs having lengths longer than widths that respectively define easy and hard magnetic axes,
• the MAMIs are electrically isolated from the SAMIs,
• most MAMIs are magnetically coupled and sandwiched in between corresponding pairs of adjacent SAMIs, and
• the MAMI exhibiting a magnetization ground state bias which is dependent upon the sweeping direction of the applied magnetic clock field;
• a plurality of magnetic field inputs (MFIs) disposed on the substrate and magnetically coupled to some of the SAMIs;
• and
• a plurality of magnetic field outputs (MFOs) disposed on the substrate and magnetically coupled to the MAMIs.