Fluorescent lamp and lighting unit

A fluorescent lamp comprising:

• a tube configured as a tubular shaped wall and including an inner surface defining a tubular space, a first end, a second end, a hole that passes through the wall, and a phosphor layer located adjacent the inner surface of the tubular shaped wall;
• a first stem and a second stem each including a tubular shaped exhaust pipe with a closed end, a gateway, and an emitter electrode, the first stem located at the first end of the tube and the second stem located at the second end of the tube and opposed to the first stem, the exhaust pipe of each of the first stem the second stem extending outside of the tube and each exhaust pipe defining a tubular space therein, and each tubular space of each of the exhaust pipes is connected to the tubular space of the tube via each gateway, respectively, and the emitter electrode of the first stem is opposed to and faces the emitter electrode of the second stem in the tube;
• a bypass connected to the hole of the tube, the bypass configured in a tubular shape having a first open end and a second open end;
• a damping material formed in a tubular shape and including a first open end and a second open end, the second open end of the damping material connected to the second open end of the bypass;
• a coolest portion configured in a tubular shape having a closed end and an open end, and the open end of the coolest portion connected to the first open end of the damping material;
• and
• a filler gas including a mercury vapor located in the tube and sealed in an air proof state, wherein the coolest portion includes a first material that has a higher thermal conductivity than both a thermal conductivity of the tube and a thermal conductivity of the first stem, and the damping material includes both the first material and a second material that has a lower thermal conductivity than the thermal conductivity of the first material, and a content ratio of the first material to the second material in the damping material changes along a distance between the first open end of the damping material and the second open end of the damping material such that the content ratio becomes higher towards the first open end of the damping material and becomes relatively lower towards the second open end of the damping material.

A fluorescent lamp comprising:

• a tube configured in a tubular shape to define a tubular space and having a first end, a second end, an inner and outer diameter, and an inner surface, the inner surface of the tube including a phosphor layer;
• a ring configured in a tubular shape having an inner and outer diameter substantially equal to the inner and outer diameter of the tube, respectively, the ring including a first damping material and a second damping material and a coolest portion located between the first damping material and the second damping material, and the first damping material connected about a periphery of the first end of the tube;
• a first stem and a second stem each including a tubular shaped exhaust pipe, a closed end, a gateway, and an emitter electrode, the first stem being located at the first end of the tube and opposite to the second stem located at the second end of the tube, and the first stem located adjacent the second damping material of the ring, the exhaust pipe of the first stem extending to an area outside of the tube and defining a tubular space, the tubular space of the exhaust pipe of the first stem connected to the tubular space of the tube via a respective gateway, and the emitter electrode of the first stem facing the emitter electrode of the second stem within the tube;
• and
• a filler gas including a mercury vapor located in the tube and sealed in an air proof state, wherein the coolest portion includes a first material that has a higher thermal conductivity than with a thermal conductivity of the tube and a thermal conductivity of the first stem, and the first damping material and the second damping material are configured with both the first material and a second material that has a lower thermal conductivity than the thermal conductivity of the first material, and the first damping material and the second damping material are located between the tube and the first stem, the content ratio of the first material to the second material in the first damping material changes along a direction between an end of the first damping material located adjacent the coolest portion and an opposite end of the first damping material located adjacent the tube so as to be relatively higher at the end of the first damping material located adjacent the coolest portion and so as to be relatively lower at the opposite end of the first damping material, and the content ratio of the first material to the second material in the second damping material changes along a direction between an end of the second damping material located adjacent the coolest portion and an opposite end of the second damping material located adjacent the first stem so as to be relatively higher at the end of the second damping material located adjacent the coolest portion and so as to be relatively lower at the opposite end of the second damping material located adjacent the first stem.

A lighting unit comprising:

• an outer casing including outer electrodes configured to receive power from a power supply;
• a tube configured in a tubular shape having a first end, a second end, and an inner surface including a phosphor layer, the tube defining a tubular space;
• a first stem and a second stem each including a tubular shaped exhaust pipe, a gateway, lead wires, and an emitter electrode attached to the lead wires, the first stem located at the first end of the tube and opposite to the second stem located at the second end of the tube, and each exhaust pipe extending to an area outside of the tube and defining a tubular space, and the tubular space of each of the exhaust pipes is connected to the tubular space of the tube via each respective gateway, and each of the lead wires extend outside of the tube and are electrically connected to respective ones of the outer electrodes of the outer casing;
• a damping material connected to an open end of the exhaust pipe of the first stem, the damping material configured in a tubular shape and having an open end;
• a coolest portion configured in a tubular shape having a closed end and an open end, the open end connected to the open end of the damping material;
• a filler gas including a mercury vapor located in the tube and sealed in an air proof state, wherein the coolest portion includes a first material that has a higher thermal conductivity than both a thermal conductivity of the tube and a thermal conductivity of the first stem, and the coolest portion contacts a part of high thermal conductivity located in the outer casing, the damping material includes both the first material and a second material that has a lower thermal conductivity than the thermal conductivity of the first material, and the damping material is connected to the first stem, a content ratio of the first material to the second material in the damping material is configured to change along a direction between the open end of the damping material connected to the coolest portion and an opposite end connected to the exhaust pipe of the first stem such that the content ratio is relatively higher towards the open end of the damping material located adjacent the coolest portion and the content ratio is relatively lower towards the opposite end of the damping material located adjacent the exhaust pipe, and the outer casing covers at least the tube and the first and second stems.