Projection type display device

A projection type display device comprising:

• illumination-light generating means for generating multicolor illumination lights containing different band components from each other;
• reflection type liquid crystal display devices for respective colors allowing an incidence of the multicolor illumination lights from the illumination-light generating means through wire-grid type polarization beam splitters for polarizing the multicolor illumination lights respectively;
• color synthesizing means for synthesizing modulated lights for respective colors, the modulated lights being produced since the illumination lights have been polarized, modulated and reflected by the reflection type liquid crystal display devices and successively diverged from an optical path for the illumination-light generating means by the wire-grid type polarization beam splitters;
• and
• an imaging lens system for providing an image from the modulated lights transmitted through the color synthesizing means, wherein:
• each of the reflection type liquid crystal display devices includes a first transparent substrate having a transparent electrode formed therein and allowing an incidence of one of the illumination lights, a second substrate opposed parallel to the first substrate through a gap and having reflecting electrodes and drive circuits arranged in matrix for every pixel thereby to reflect the illumination light transmitted through the first substrate and emit the illumination light therethrough and a liquid crystal layer enclosed between the first substrate and the second substrate to polarize and modulate the illumination light transmitted through the first substrate and also composed of nematic liquid crystal whose dielectric anisotropy is negative,
• the each of the reflection type liquid crystal display devices is either:
• a first twist type liquid crystal display device where, in view from the first substrate, liquid crystal molecules on the side of the second substrate are aligned in the clockwise direction with respect to a predetermined reference line and liquid crystal molecules on the side of the first substrate are aligned in the counterclockwise direction with respect to the predetermined reference line;
• or
• a second twist type liquid crystal display device where, in view from the first substrate, liquid crystal molecules on the side of the second substrate are aligned in the counterclockwise direction with respect to a predetermined reference line and liquid crystal molecules on the side of the first substrate are aligned in the clockwise direction with respect to the predetermined reference line,
• the wire-grid type polarization beam splitters are arranged so as to have their polarization spectroscopic surfaces inclined to the first substrates of the reflection type liquid crystal display devices, the wire-grid type polarization beam splitter also having wire grids formed on the polarization spectroscopic surfaces and also arranged parallel to the first substrates, and
• assuming, for each of the reflection type liquid crystal display devices, one of directions of projection lines obtained by projecting the wire grids on the second substrate vertically, the one direction being directed to a direction where one extension surface of the polarization spectroscopic surface intersects with another extension surface of the second substrate when the one direction is turned in the counterclockwise direction by 90°, is represented by X-axis,
• the first twist type liquid crystal display device has its reference line's vector disposed within a range of 225°±10° in the counterclockwise direction from the direction of X-axis, in view from the first substrate, and
• the second twist type liquid crystal display device has its reference line's vector disposed within a range of 315°±10° in the counterclockwise direction from the direction of X-axis, in view from the first substrate.

A projection type display device comprising:

• illumination-light generating means for generating illumination lights corresponding to three primary colors of light respectively;
• reflection type liquid crystal display devices for respective colors on which illumination lights in corresponding primary-color band components are incident after the illumination lights have been polarized by wire-grid type polarization beam splitters arranged corresponding to the illumination lights in red, blue and green;
• color synthesizing means having a first optical multilayer membrane for reflecting only a light in red of the three primary colors selectively and transmitting lights in blue and green and a second optical multilayer membrane for reflecting only the light in blue of the three primary colors selectively and transmitting the lights in red and green, the first optical multilayer membrane intersecting with the second optical multilayer membrane perpendicularly, thereby to synthesize modulated lights for respective colors, the modulated lights being produced since the illumination lights have been polarized in modulation and reflected by the reflection type liquid crystal display devices and successively diverged from an optical path for the illumination-light generating means by the wire-grid type polarization beam splitters;
• and
• an imaging lens system for providing an image from the modulated lights transmitted through the color synthesizing means, wherein:
• each of the reflection type liquid crystal display devices includes a first transparent substrate having a transparent electrode formed therein and allowing an incidence of one of the illumination lights, a second substrate opposed parallel to the first substrate through a gap and having reflecting electrodes and drive circuits arranged in matrix for every pixel thereby to reflect the illumination light transmitted through the first substrate and emit the illumination light therethrough and a liquid crystal layer enclosed between the first substrate and the second substrate to polarize and modulate the illumination light transmitted through the first substrate and also composed of nematic liquid crystal whose dielectric anisotropy is negative,
• the reflection type liquid crystal display devices comprises:
• one first twist type liquid crystal display device for green where, in view from the first substrate, liquid crystal molecules on the side of the second substrate are aligned in the clockwise direction with respect to a predetermined reference line and liquid crystal molecules on the side of the first substrate are aligned in the counterclockwise direction with respect to the predetermined reference line, the first twist type liquid crystal display device for green allowing an incidence of the illumination light in green;
• and
• two second twist type liquid crystal display devices for red and blue where, in view from the first substrate, liquid crystal molecules on the side of the second substrate are aligned in the counterclockwise direction with respect to a predetermined reference line and liquid crystal molecules on the side of the first substrate are aligned in the clockwise direction with respect to the predetermined reference line, the second twist type liquid crystal display devices for red and blue allowing an incidence of the illumination lights in red and blue respectively,
• the wire-grid type polarization beam splitters for respective colors are arranged so as to have their polarization spectroscopic surfaces inclined to the first substrates of the reflection type liquid crystal display devices, the wire-grid type polarization beam splitter also having wire grids formed on the polarization spectroscopic surfaces and also arranged parallel to the first substrates, and
• assuming, for each of the reflection type liquid crystal display devices, one of directions of projection lines obtained by projecting the wire grids on the second substrate vertically, the one direction being directed to a direction where one extension surface of the polarization spectroscopic surface intersects with another extension surface of the second substrate when the one direction is turned in the counterclockwise direction by 90°, is represented by X-axis,
• the one second twist type liquid crystal display device for red has its reference line's vector disposed within a range of 315°±10° in the counterclockwise direction from the direction of X-axis, in view from the first substrate,
• the other second twist type liquid crystal display device for blue its reference line's vector disposed within a range of 135°±10° in the counterclockwise direction from the direction of X-axis, in view from the first substrate, and
• the first twist type liquid crystal display device for green has its reference line's vector disposed within a range of 225°±10° in the counterclockwise direction from the direction of X-axis, in view from the first substrate
• the modulated light in red from the second twist type liquid crystal display devices for red is reflected by the first optical multilayer membrane of the color synthesizing means,
• the modulated light in blue from the second twist type liquid crystal display device for blue is reflected by the second optical multilayer membrane of the color synthesizing means, and
• the modulated light in green from the first twist type liquid crystal display device for green is transmitted through the first optical multilayer membrane and the second optical multilayer membrane of the color synthesizing means.

A projection type display device comprising:

• illumination-light generating means for generating illumination lights corresponding to three primary colors of light respectively;
• reflection type liquid crystal display devices for respective colors on which illumination lights in corresponding primary-color band components are incident after the illumination lights have been polarized by wire-grid type polarization beam splitters arranged corresponding to the illumination lights in red, blue and green;
• color synthesizing means having a first optical multilayer membrane for reflecting only a light in red of the three primary colors selectively and transmitting lights in blue and green and a second optical multilayer membrane for reflecting only the light in blue of the three primary colors selectively and transmitting the lights in red and green, the first optical multilayer membrane intersecting with the second optical multilayer membrane perpendicularly, thereby to synthesize modulated lights for respective colors, the modulated lights being produced since the illumination lights have been polarized, modulated and reflected by the reflection type liquid crystal display devices and successively diverged from an optical path for the illumination-light generating means by the wire-grid type polarization beam splitters;
• and
• an imaging lens system for providing an image from the modulated lights transmitted through the color synthesizing means, wherein:
• each of the reflection type liquid crystal display devices includes a first transparent substrate having a transparent electrode formed therein and allowing an incidence of one of the illumination lights, a second substrate opposed parallel to the first substrate through a gap and having reflecting electrodes and drive circuits arranged in matrix for every pixel thereby to reflect the illumination light transmitted through the first substrate and emit the illumination light therethrough and a liquid crystal layer enclosed between the first substrate and the second substrate to polarize and modulate the illumination light transmitted through the first substrate and also composed of nematic liquid crystal whose dielectric anisotropy is negative,
• the reflection type liquid crystal display devices comprises:
• two first twist type liquid crystal display device for red and blue where, in view from the first substrate, liquid crystal molecules on the side of the second substrate are aligned in the clockwise direction with respect to a predetermined reference line and liquid crystal molecules on the side of the first substrate are aligned in the counterclockwise direction with respect to the predetermined reference line, the first twist type liquid crystal display devices for red and blue allowing an incidence of the illumination lights in red and blue respectively;
• and
• one second twist type liquid crystal display devices for green where, in view from the first substrate, liquid crystal molecules on the side of the second substrate are aligned in the counterclockwise direction with respect to a predetermined reference line and liquid crystal molecules on the side of the first substrate are aligned in the clockwise direction with respect to the predetermined reference line, the second twist type liquid crystal display device for green allowing an incidence of the illumination light in green,
• the wire-grid type polarization beam splitters for respective colors are arranged so as to have their polarization spectroscopic surfaces inclined to the first substrates of the reflection type liquid crystal display devices, the wire-grid type polarization beam splitter also having wire grids formed on the polarization spectroscopic surfaces and also arranged parallel to the first substrates, and
• assuming, for each of the reflection type liquid crystal display devices, one of directions of projection lines obtained by projecting the wire grids on the second substrate vertically, the one direction being directed to a direction where one extension surface of the polarization spectroscopic surface intersects with another extension surface of the second substrate when the one direction is turned in the counterclockwise direction by 90°, is represented by X-axis,
• the one first twist type liquid crystal display device for red has its reference line's vector disposed within a range of 225°±10° in the counterclockwise direction from the direction of X-axis, in view from the first substrate,
• the other first twist type liquid crystal display device for blue its reference line's vector disposed within a range of 45°±10° in the counterclockwise direction from the direction of X-axis, in view from the first substrate, and
• the second twist type liquid crystal display device for green has its reference line's vector disposed within a range of 315°±10° in the counterclockwise direction from the direction of X-axis, in view from the first substrate
• the modulated light in red from the first twist type liquid crystal display devices for red is reflected by the first optical multilayer membrane of the color synthesizing means,
• the modulated light in blue from the first twist type liquid crystal display device for blue is reflected by the second optical multilayer membrane of the color synthesizing means, and
• the modulated light in green from the second twist type liquid crystal display device for green is transmitted through the first optical multilayer membrane and the second optical multilayer membrane of the color synthesizing means.