Light emitting devices made by bio-fabrication

A light emitting device for emitting light having a wavelength, comprising:

• a substrate layer;
• a first injection contact positioned over the substrate laver;
• a first dielectric layer positioned over the first injection contact;
• a light emission layer positioned over the first dielectric layer, the light emission layer including a nanoparticle layer, wherein the nanoparticle layer comprises a plurality of templates, each template comprising at least one first binding site and at least one second binding site, the first binding site having a specific binding affinity for a first nanoparticle of a first material, the second binding site having a specific binding affinity for a second nanoparticle of a second material, wherein the templates are selected to include, in percentages, x first binding sites and y second binding sites;
• a plurality of the first nanoparticles bound to respective first binding sites;
• a plurality of the second nanoparticles bound to respective second binding sites;
• wherein the templates are assembled such that the first material and the second material form an alloy at a stoichiometric ratio of x:y, and wherein each template is a biological template, which is a biological scaffold fused with the first peptide sequence and the second peptide sequence;
• a second dielectric layer positioned over the light emission layer;
• and
• a second injection contact positioned over the second dielectric layer.