Adaptive membrane structure with insertable protrusions

A multilayer protective enclosure for the occupancy of humans, animals or perishables, said enclosure comprising:

• at least one layer consisting essentially of an adaptive membrane structure, incorporated into the enclosure, comprising a first membrane having holes, a second membrane having protruding members and an array of holes, and means responsive to an actuating stimulus that moves one membrane toward the other membrane, wherein the protruding members are positioned on the second membrane to be insertable in the holes on the first membrane when one membrane is moved toward the other, such that paths for enhanced permeation, convection and/or diffusion through both membranes exist when the adaptive membrane structure is in an unactuated state and the holes are sealed by the protruding members when the adaptive membrane structure is in an actuated state in response to the actuating stimulus, thereby protecting the humans, animals or perishables from hazardous agents in the environment.