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AssigneesIowa State University Research Foundation, Inc., Claytec, Inc.
InventorsVictor Shang-Yi Lin, Yang Cai, Carla Kern, Joel I. Dulebohn, Jennifer A. Nieweg
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The invention provides efficient, inexpensive, and environmental friendly catalysts and catalyst systems. The catalysts can be used to catalyze esterification and/or transesterification reactions, for example, for the preparation of biodiesel. Kiln dust, such as cement kiln dust (CKD) or lime kiln dust (LKD) can be used to convert a variety of feedstock acids and/or esters to biodiesel in high yield under mild conditions. The CKD and LKD catalyst systems are recyclable esterification or transesterification catalysts that can be used to prepare biodiesel, such as methyl soyate, from various feedstocks, including vegetable oils and animal fats.
A recyclable esterification or transesterification catalyst system comprising cement kiln dust, lime kiln dust, or a combination thereof, and a (C1-C5)alkanol, wherein the surface area of the cement kiln dust or lime kiln dust is about 0.05 m2 per gram to about 10 m2 per gram, and wherein the cement kiln dust or lime kiln dust has been activated by contact with the (C1-C5)alkanol at a temperature of about 30° C. to about 100° C.
A method for preparing a fatty acid (C1-C5)alkyl ester comprising contacting a glyceride-containing vegetable or animal oil with an effective amount of a cement kiln dust, a lime kiln dust, or a combination thereof, and a (C1-C5)alcohol to provide a reaction mixture, under conditions so that the kiln dust catalyzes formation of a corresponding vegetable oil-derived, or animal oil-derived, fatty acid (C1-C5)alkyl ester, and glycerol.
A method for preparing fatty acid methyl esters from a feedstock that comprises one or more fatty acids and optionally one or more fatty acid glycerol esters comprising:
A method for producing methyl soyate comprising:
A recyclable esterification or transesterification catalyst system comprising kiln dust or Portland cement, and a (C1-C5)alkanol, wherein the surface area of the kiln dust or Portland cement is about 0.05 m2 per gram to about 10 m2 per gram, and wherein the kiln dust or Portland cement has been activated by contact with the (C1-C5)alkanol at a temperature of about 20° C. to about 100° C., further comprising a solid acid, a molecular sieve, or both, wherein the acid comprises acidic mesoporous aluminum silicate mixed oxide particles.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.