Chemically stable solid lithium ion conductor
AssigneeWerner Weppner
InventorsWerner Weppner, Venkataraman Thangadurai
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
The present invention concerns chemically stable solid lithium ion conductors, processes for their production and their use in batteries, accumulators, supercaps and electrochromic devices.
Claims11
A solid ion conductor, characterized in that it has a garnet-like crystal structure and that it has a stoichiometric composition L5+xAyGzM2O12, wherein
- L is in each case independently an arbitrary preferably monovalent cation,
- A is in each case independently a monovalent, divalent, trivalent or tetravalent cation,
- G is in each case independently a monovalent, divalent, trivalent or tetravalent cation
- M is in each case independently a trivalent, tetravalent or pentavalent cation,
- 0<x≦2, 0≦y≦3, 0≦z≦3 and
- wherein O can be partially or completely replaced by divalent and/or trivalent anions such as e.g. N3−, and wherein at least one of A and G is a divalent cation.
A solid ion conductor, characterized in that it has a garnet-like crystal structure and that it has a stoichiometric composition L5+xAyGzM2O12, wherein
- L is in each case independently an arbitrary preferably monovalent cation,
- A is in each case independently a monovalent, divalent, trivalent or tetravalent cation,
- G is in each case independently a monovalent, divalent, trivalent or tetravalent cation
- M is in each case independently a trivalent, tetravalent or pentavalent cation,
- 0<x≦2, 0≦y≦3, 0≦z≦3 and wherein O can be partially or completely replaced by divalent and/or trivalent anions such as e.g. N3−, wherein A is selected from divalent cations preferably alkaline earth metal ions.
A solid ion conductor that has a garnet-like crystal structure and a stoichiometric composition L5+xAyGzM2O12, wherein
- L is in each case independently an arbitrary preferably monovalent cation,
- A is in each case independently a monovalent, divalent, trivalent or tetravalent cation,
- G is in each case independently a monovalent, divalent, trivalent or tetravalent cation
- M is in each case independently a trivalent, tetravalent or pentavalent cation,
- 1≦x≦2, 0≦y≦3, 0≦z≦3 and wherein O can be partially or completely replaced by divalent and/or trivalent anions such as e.g. N3−.
A process for producing a solid ion carrier that has a garnet-like crystal structure and that has a stoichiometric composition L5+xAYGzM2O12, wherein
- L is in each case independently an arbitrary preferably monovalent cation,
- A is in each case independently a monovalent, divalent, trivalent or tetravalent cation,
- G is in each case independently a monovalent, divalent, trivalent or tetravalent cation
- M is in each case independently a trivalent, tetravalent or pentavalent cation,
- 0≦x≦2, 0≦y≦3, 0≦z≦3 and wherein O can be partially or completely replaced by divalent and/or trivalent anions such as e.g. N3−, and wherein at least one of A and G is a divalent cation, comprising the steps of
- (a) reacting salts and/or oxides of L, A, G, and M by mixing to form a reaction mixture;
- (b) ball-milling, preferably using zirconium oxide balls in 2-propanol;
- (c) heating the mixture from (a) in air for 2-10 hours to 400-1000° C.;
- (d) ball-milling, preferably using zirconium balls in 2-propanol;
- (e) pressing the mixture with isostatic pressure into pellets;
- and
- (f) sintering the pellets covered with a powder of the same composition for 10-50 hours at 700-1200° C.
A process for producing a solid ion carrier that has a garnet-like crystal structure and that has a stoichiometric composition L5+xAYGzM2O12, wherein
- L is in each case independently an arbitrary preferably monovalent cation,
- A is in each case independently a monovalent, divalent, trivalent or tetravalent cation,
- G is in each case independently a monovalent, divalent, trivalent or tetravalent cation
- M is in each case independently a trivalent, tetravalent or pentavalent cation,
- 0<x≦2, 0≦y≦3, 0≦z≦3 and wherein O can be partially or completely replaced by divalent and/or trivalent anions such as e.g. N3−, and wherein A is selected from divalent cations preferably alkaline earth metal ions, comprising the steps of
- (a) reacting salts and/or oxides of L, A, G, and M by mixing to form a reaction mixture;
- (b) ball-milling, preferably using zirconium oxide balls in 2-propanol;
- (c) heating the mixture from (a) in air for 2-10 hours to 400-1000° C.;
- (d) ball-milling, preferably using zirconium balls in 2-propanol;
- (e) pressing the mixture with isostatic pressure into pellets;
- and
- (f) sintering the pellets covered with a powder of the same composition for 10-50 hours at 700-1200° C.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.