US 7,843,626 B2 · Electro-optic display and materials for use therein

Abstract

An electro-optic display comprises a layer (130) of a solid electro-optic material, at least one electrode disposed adjacent the layer (130) of electro-optic material, and a layer (180) of a lamination adhesive interposed between the layer (130) of electro-optic material and the electrode, the lamination adhesive (180) having a higher electrical conductivity in a direction perpendicular to the layer of lamination adhesive than in the plane of the layer.

Claims29

Dependent claims

A process for forming a layer of an anisotropic adhesive having greater conductivity perpendicular to the plane of the layer than in this plane, the process comprising:

dispersing a plurality of conductive particles in an adhesive matrix, the particles having a complex conductivity differing from that of the matrix;
applying to the particles/matrix mixture an electric or magnetic field effective to cause the particles to form conductive strands extending substantially perpendicular to the plane of the layer;
and increasing the viscosity of the matrix to prevent the particles moving out of the strands.

A microcavity electrophoretic display comprising a layer of a binder having a plurality of closed cavities formed therein, said cavities being at least partially filled with an electrophoretic medium comprising a plurality of electrically charged particles in a fluid and capable of moving therethrough on application of an electric field to the electrophoretic medium, the display further comprising at least one electrode arranged to apply an electric field to the electrophoretic medium, the binder being characterized by any one or more of the following:

(a) having a volume resistivity, measured at 10° C., which does not change by a factor of more than about 3 after being held at 25° C. and 45 percent relative humidity for 1000 hours;
(b) having a volume resistivity which changes by a factor of less than about 10 within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50° C.;
(c) having a shear modulus at 120° C. of not more than about 1 megaPascal;
(d) the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the binder is not greater than the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the fluid within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50° C.;
(e) comprising an ultra-violet stabilizer;
(f) the ratio of the dielectric constant of the binder to the dielectric constant of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50° C. does not vary from this ratio at 25° C. by more than about 2 percent;
(g) the ratio of the volume resistivity of the binder to the volume resistivity of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50° C. does not vary from this ratio at 25° C. by more than a factor of about 100;
(h) the solubility of the fluid in the binder does not exceed about 1 percent weight/weight over the range of 10 to 50° C.;
and
(i) the binder is substantially free from mobile species.

7 more elements

An article of manufacture comprising in order:

a light-transmissive electrically-conductive layer;
a layer of an electrophoretic medium in electrical contact with the electrically-conductive layer, the electrophoretic medium comprising a binder having a plurality of closed cavities formed therein, said cavities being at least partially filled with an electrophoretic medium comprising a plurality of electrically charged particles in a fluid and capable of moving therethrough on application of an electric field to the electrophoretic medium;
an adhesive layer;
and
a release sheet,
the binder being characterized by any one or more of the following:
(a) having a volume resistivity, measured at 10° C., which does not change by a factor of more than about 3 after being held at 25° C. and 45 percent relative humidity for 1000 hours;
(b) having a volume resistivity which changes by a factor of less than about 10 within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50° C.;
(c) having a shear modulus at 120° C. of not more than about 1 megaPascal;
(d) the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the binder is not greater than the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the fluid within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50° C.;
(e) comprising an ultra-violet stabilizer;
(f) the ratio of the dielectric constant of the binder to the dielectric constant of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50° C. does not vary from this ratio at 25° C. by more than about 2 percent;
(g) the ratio of the volume resistivity of the binder to the volume resistivity of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50° C. does not vary from this ratio at 25° C. by more than a factor of about 100;
(h) the solubility of the fluid in the binder does not exceed about 1 percent weight/weight over the range of 10 to 50° C.;
and
(i) the binder is substantially free from mobile species.

13 more elements

An article of manufacture comprising:

a layer of an electrophoretic medium having first and second surfaces on opposed sides thereof, the electrophoretic medium comprising a binder having a plurality of closed cavities formed therein, said cavities being at least partially filled with an internal comprising a plurality of electrically charged particles in a fluid and capable of moving therethrough on application of an electric field to the electrophoretic medium;
a first adhesive layer on the first surface of the layer of electrophoretic medium;
a release sheet disposed on the opposed side of the first adhesive layer from the layer of electrophoretic medium;
and
a second adhesive layer on the second surface of the layer of electrophoretic medium,
the binder being characterized by any one or more of the following:
(a) having a volume resistivity, measured at 10° C., which does not change by a factor of more than about 3 after being held at 25° C. and 45 percent relative humidity for 1000 hours;
(b) having a volume resistivity which changes by a factor of less than about 10 within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50° C.;
(c) having a shear modulus at 120° C. of not more than about 1 megaPascal;
(d) the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the binder is not greater than the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the fluid within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50° C.;
(e) comprising an ultra-violet stabilizer;
(f) the ratio of the dielectric constant of the binder to the dielectric constant of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50° C. does not vary from this ratio at 25° C. by more than about 2 percent;
(g) the ratio of the volume resistivity of the binder to the volume resistivity of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50° C. does not vary from this ratio at 25° C. by more than a factor of about 100;
(h) the solubility of the fluid in the binder does not exceed about 1 percent weight/weight over the range of 10 to 50° C.;
and
(i) the binder is substantially free from mobile species.

13 more elements

An article of manufacture comprising:

a layer of a solid electro-optic medium having first and second surfaces on opposed sides thereof;
a first adhesive layer on the first surface of the layer of solid electro-optic medium;
a release sheet disposed on the opposed side of the first adhesive layer from the layer of solid electro-optic medium;
and
a second adhesive layer on the second surface of the layer of solid electro-optic medium,
at least one of first and second adhesive layers being characterized by any one or more of the following:
(a) having a volume resistivity, measured at 10° C., which does not change by a factor of more than about 3 after being held at 25° C. and 45 percent relative humidity for 1000 hours;
(b) the volume resistivity of the adhesive changes by a factor of less than about 10 within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50° C.;
(c) the adhesive has a shear modulus at 120° C. of not more than about 1 megaPascal;
(d) the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the adhesive is not greater than the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the electro-optic medium within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50° C.;
(e) comprising an ultra-violet stabilizer;
and
(f) being substantially free from mobile species.

10 more elements

An article of manufacture comprising:

a layer of an electrophoretic medium having first and second surfaces on opposed sides thereof, the electrophoretic medium comprising a plurality of electrically charged particles in a fluid and capable of moving therethrough on application of an electric field to the electrophoretic medium;
a first adhesive layer on the first surface of the layer of electrophoretic medium;
a release sheet disposed on the opposed side of the first adhesive layer from the layer of electrophoretic medium;
and
a second adhesive layer on the second surface of the layer of electrophoretic medium,
at least one of first and second adhesive layers being characterized by any one or more of the following:
(a) the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the adhesive layer is not greater than the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the fluid within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50° C.;
(b) the ratio of the dielectric constant of the adhesive layer to the dielectric constant of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50° C. does not vary from this ratio at 25° C. by more than about 2 percent;
(c) the ratio of the volume resistivity of the adhesive layer to the volume resistivity of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50° C. does not vary from this ratio at 25° C. by more than a factor of about 100;
and
(d) the solubility of the fluid in the adhesive layer does not exceed about 1 percent weight/weight over the range of 10 to 50° C.

8 more elements

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.

Facts

Application

12/417,137Filed 2 Apr 2009 · division

Priority

9 Jul 2001

Published

US 2009/0225397 A110 Sep 2009

Granted

30 Nov 2010

Term ends

Not estimatedThe source records don’t support an estimate.

Classification21 codes

G02B 26/026
For controlling the intensity of light: based on the rotation of particles under the influence of an external field, e.g. gyricons, twisting ball…
C08K 3/22
Oxides; Hydroxides: of metals
C09J 7/10
Adhesives in the form of films or foils: without carriers
C09J 7/38
Characterised by the adhesive composition: pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA]

Family

Application60/304,117Us provisional application · filed 9 Jul 2001

Application60/319,300Us provisional application · filed 10 Jun 2002

Application10/064,389Parent of this continuation-in-part · filed 9 Jul 2002

Application60/319,516Us provisional application · filed 3 Sep 2002

Application60/319,934Us provisional application · filed 11 Feb 2003

Application60/319,973Us provisional application · filed 26 Feb 2003

Application60/320,186Us provisional application · filed 12 May 2003

Application10/249,957Parent of this division · filed 22 May 2003

Application11/605,024Parent of this continuation-in-part · filed 2 Sep 2003

US 7,561,324 B2Parent of this continuation-in-part · filed 2 Sep 2003

Application10/708,121Parent of this continuation-in-part · filed 10 Feb 2004

US 6,831,769 B2Parent of this continuation-in-part · filed 14 Dec 2004

Application10/907,065Parent of this continuation-in-part · filed 18 Mar 2005

US 6,982,178 B2Parent of this division · filed 3 Jan 2006

Application11/428,584Parent of this division · filed 5 Jul 2006

US 7,110,163 B2Parent of this continuation-in-part · filed 19 Sep 2006

US 7,236,292 B2Parent of this continuation-in-part · filed 26 Jun 2007

US 2009/0225397 A1Pre-grant publication · published 10 Sep 2009

US 7,535,624 B2Parent of this division

Application11/428,584Parent of this continuation-in-part

Application10/907,065Parent of this division

US 2003/0025855 A1Published application

US 2004/0027327 A1Published application

US 2004/0252360 A1Published application

US 2005/0146774 A1Published application

US 2007/0035808 A1Published application

US 2008/0121774 A1Published application

US 7,740,312 B2Related patent

US 7,843,626 B2This patent

From the US filing history. Foreign family members aren’t listed.

Electro-optic display and materials for use therein

Life of this patent

Electro-optic display and materials for use therein

Life of this patent

Abstract

Claims29