Methods and apparatus of three dimensional cardiac electrophysiological imaging

A system for generating a three-dimensional representation of cardiac electrical activity for a subject, the system comprising:

• a three-dimensional cardiac model comprising a structure of a heart and finite elements on which cardiac electrophysiological properties are considered;
• a catheter having a distal portion comprising multiple electrodes adapted to record intra-cardiac electrical potential data for intra-cardiac electrical activity sensed by the multiple electrodes while the catheter distal portion is positioned within one or more chambers of the subject's heart;
• an amplifying and processing unit that amplifies and filters the sensed intra-cardiac electrical potential data by the catheter;
• a computation unit adapted to process the recorded intra-cardiac electrical potential data to calculate a value for an electrophysiological property for each of various finite elements throughout the three-dimensional cardiac model;
• and
• a displaying unit adapted to generate and display, using the calculated values for the electrophysiological property for the various finite elements, a visual representation of estimated cardiac electrical activity for the subject.

A method of generating a three-dimensional representation of cardiac electrical activity for a subject, the method comprising:

• providing a three-dimensional cardiac model comprising a structure of a heart and finite elements on which cardiac electrophysiological properties are considered;
• collecting, from a catheter having a distal portion comprising multiple electrodes, data for electrical activity sensed by the multiple electrodes while the catheter distal portion while is positioned within one or more chambers of the subject's heart;
• collecting, from an electrode array positioned on the subject's body surface, data for electrical activity sensed by the body surface electrode array taken during a time period during which the electrical activity data recorded by the catheter are sensed;
• and
• using both the electrical activity data collected using the catheter and the electrical activity data collected using the body surface electrode array to calculate a value for an electrophysiological property for each of the various finite elements throughout the three-dimensional cardiac model;
• and
• generating on a visual display device, and using the calculated values for the electrophysiological property for the various finite elements, a visual representation of estimated cardiac activity data for the subject.