Semi-resonant driving systems and methods thereof

A method for making a driving system, the method comprising:

• providing a structure having at least one point to frictional couple to and drive a movable element in one of at least two directions, the structure having at least two bending modes, each of the bending modes having a different resonant frequency;
• and
• coupling a vibration system that applies two or more vibration signals which are at a vibration frequency to each of the bending modes of the structure, the vibration frequency is substantially the same as one of the resonant frequencies, wherein at the vibration frequency one of the bending modes of the structure is vibrating substantially at resonance and the other of the bending modes of the structure is vibrating at partial resonance, the vibration system adjusts a phase shift between the two or more applied vibration signals to control which one of the at least two directions the moveable element is moved.

An optical system comprising:

• at least one optical component;
• and
• at least one driving system frictionally coupled to move the at least one optical component in one or more directions, the driving system comprising a structure and a vibration system, the structure having at least two bending modes, each of the bending modes having a different resonant frequency, the vibration system applies two or more vibration signals which are at a vibration frequency to each of the bending modes of the structure, the vibration frequency is substantially the same as one of the resonant frequencies, wherein at the vibration frequency one of the bending modes of the structure is vibrating substantially at resonance and the other of the bending modes of the structure is vibrating at partial resonance, the vibration system adjusts a phase shift between the two or more applied vibration signals to control which one of the at least two directions the optical component is moved.