# US 7,746,300 B2 · Circuit and methodology for supplying pulsed current to a load, such as a light emitting diode

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- Number: US 7,746,300 B2
- Document ID: US7746300B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 11/418,131
- Filed: 2006-05-05
- Published: 2007-11-08
- Granted: 2010-06-29
- Earliest claimed: 2006-05-05
- Assignees: Linear Technology Corporation
- Inventors: Bin Zhang; Bryan A. Legates; Eric S. Young
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7746300B2

## CPC

- H05B 45/39: Circuits containing inverter bridges
- H05B: ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL

## Abstract

A circuit for controlling pulsed current to a load, one application of which is in LED dimmer circuitry, comprises first and second reference nodes for receiving a supply voltage, an input node for receiving a timing signal such as a PWM signal, and a controlled switch coupled between the first and second reference voltage nodes for supplying current to the load. Pull-up circuitry may be coupled between a control electrode of the controlled switch and first reference voltage node, and a pull-down switch coupled between the control electrode and second reference voltage node. A control circuit coupled between the input node and control electrode of the controlled switch is configured to control the controlled switch in response to the timing signal. The circuit may further include a reference voltage source configured for producing a voltage of magnitude independent of supply voltage magnitude. The control circuit is coupled to the reference voltage source and operative to control the controlled switch in response to the timing signal and reference voltage.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A circuit for controlling pulsed current applied to a load, comprising:
an input node for receiving a timing signal;
a switch having first and second electrodes and a control electrode, the first electrode being coupled to a high side voltage node and the second electrode being coupled to the load;
a source of reference voltage having a magnitude independent of supply voltage magnitude;
a control circuit, responsive to the timing signal, for varying a voltage of the control electrode of the switch between a voltage of the first electrode of the switch and a prescribed fixed voltage related in magnitude to the reference voltage below that of the first electrode voltage; and
a drive circuit, responsive to an output of the control circuit, for driving the control electrode of the switch.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The circuit as recited in claim 1, wherein the control circuit is configured for shifting the level of the timing signal.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The circuit as recited in claim 1, wherein the switch is a PMOS transistor.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The circuit as recited in claim 1, wherein the load is a light emitting diode (LED).

### Claim 5

A circuit for controlling light intensity of a light emitting diode (LED), comprising:
first and second reference nodes for receiving a supply voltage;
an input node for receiving a timing signal;
a controlled switch coupled between the first reference voltage node and the LED for supplying current to the LED, the controlled switch having a control electrode for controlling on and off states of the controlled switch;
pull-up circuitry coupled between the control electrode and first reference voltage node;
a pull-down switch coupled between the control electrode and second reference voltage node; and
a source of reference voltage that is independent of supply voltage; and
a control circuit coupled between the input node and control electrode of the controlled switch for controlling the control electrode to vary in voltage between a voltage of the first electrode of the switch and a prescribed fixed voltage, related to the reference voltage, below that of the first electrode voltage.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The circuit as recited in claim 5, wherein the control circuit is configured for shifting the level of the timing signal.

### Claim 7 (depends on 5)

The circuit as recited in claim 5, wherein the control circuit compares the control electrode voltage with the reference voltage, and supplies a turn-off signal to the pull down switch when the control electrode voltage is lower than the reference voltage.

### Claim 8 (depends on 5)

The circuit as recited in claim 5, wherein the reference voltage source includes one or more voltage reference devices.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The circuit as recited in claim 8, wherein the voltage reference devices include at least one Zener diode.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The circuit as recited in claim 8, wherein the reference voltage source is coupled between the first reference voltage node and the control electrode through a feedback circuit.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The circuit as recited in claim 10, wherein the feedback circuit is configured for detecting the voltage of the controlled electrode and generating a feedback signal if the voltage of the controlled electrode reaches the reference voltage, so as to enable the control circuit to control the voltage of the controlled electrode to be limited by the reference voltage magnitude.

### Claim 12 (depends on 5)

The circuit as recited in claim 5, wherein the controlled switch is a PMOS transistor.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The circuit as recited in claim 12, wherein the pull-up and pull-down switches include bipolar transistors.

### Claim 14

A circuit for supplying pulsed current to a load, comprising:
first and second reference nodes for receiving a supply voltage;
an input node for receiving a timing signal;
a controlled switch coupled between the first reference voltage node and the load, the controlled switch having first and second electrodes and a control electrode for controlling on and off states of the controlled switch;
pull-up circuitry coupled between the control electrode and first reference voltage node;
a pull-down switch coupled between the control electrode and second reference voltage node;
a source of reference voltage having a magnitude independent of supply voltage magnitude; and
a feedback circuit configured to drive the control electrode of the controlled switch in response to the timing signal and reference voltage source.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The circuit as recited in claim 14, wherein the control circuit compares the control electrode voltage with the reference voltage, and supplies a turn-off signal to the pull down switch when the control electrode voltage is lower than the reference voltage.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The circuit as recited in claim 15, wherein the reference voltage source is coupled through a comparator to the first electrode and control electrode of the controlled switch.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The circuit of claim 16, wherein the comparator has first and second inputs coupled, respectively, through the reference voltage source to the first electrode and control electrode of the controlled switch.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The circuit of claim 17, including a logic gate having inputs coupled respectively to the output of the comparator and input node for controlling the pull-down switch.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The circuit of claim 18, further including a voltage level shift circuit coupled to the input node for controlling the pull-up circuitry.

### Claim 20 (depends on 18)

The circuit of claim 18, wherein the logic gate is a NOR gate, an inverter circuit being coupled between the input node and an input of the NOR gate.

### Claim 21 (depends on 14)

The circuit as recited in claim 14, wherein the controlled switch is a PMOS transistor.

### Claim 22 (depends on 14)

The circuit as recited in claim 14, wherein the pull-up circuitry and pull-down switch include bipolar transistors.

### Claim 23 (depends on 14)

The circuit as recited in claim 14, wherein the pull-up circuitry comprises a pull-up latch including a bipolar transistor having collector and emitter electrodes coupled to source and gate electrodes of the controlled switch.

### Claim 24 (depends on 14)

The circuit as recited in claim 14, wherein the pull-down switch comprises a bipolar transistor having collector and emitter electrodes coupled, through a diode, respectively to the gate of the controlled switch and second reference node, and a base electrode coupled to a current source.

### Claim 25 (depends on 19)

The circuit as recited in claim 19, wherein the pull-up circuitry comprises a pull-up latch circuit including a bipolar transistor having collector and emitter electrodes coupled to source and gate electrodes of the controlled switch, and the voltage level shift circuit comprises a one shot circuit coupled to the latch.

### Claim 26 (depends on 23)

The circuit as recited in claim 23, further including a controlled current source coupled to the pull-down switch and the pull-up latch.

### Claim 27 (depends on 14)

The circuit as recited in claim 14, wherein the reference voltage source includes one or more voltage reference devices.

### Claim 28 (depends on 27)

The circuit as recited in claim 27, wherein the one or more voltage devices include at least one Zener diode.

### Claim 29 (depends on 14)

The circuit as recited in claim 14, including a feedback network, responsive to the voltage of the control electrode, the reference voltage source being coupled between the first electrode and control electrode of the controlled switch through the feedback network.

### Claim 30 (depends on 29)

The circuit as recited in claim 29, wherein the control circuit is configured to be responsive to the feedback network to control the control electrode of the controlled switch to vary between a first reference voltage node and a fixed voltage, related to the reference voltage, below that of the first reference voltage node.

### Claim 31 (depends on 30)

The circuit as recited in claim 30, wherein the control circuit is configured to supply a turn-off signal the pull down switch when the feedback signal indicates that the voltage of the control node has reached the reference voltage.

### Claim 32 (depends on 14)

The circuit as recited in claim 14, wherein the load is a light-emitting diode (LED).

### Claim 33 (depends on 1)

The circuit as recited in claim 1, wherein the timing signal is a PWM signal.

### Claim 34 (depends on 4)

The circuit as recited in claim 4, wherein the timing signal is a PWM signal.

### Claim 35 (depends on 14)

The circuit as recited in claim 14, wherein the timing signal is a PWM signal.