# US 7,744,665 B2 · Gasification method and device for producing synthesis gases by partial oxidation of fuels containing ash at elevated pressure with partial quenching of the crude gas and waste heat recovery

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- Number: US 7,744,665 B2
- Document ID: US7744665B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 11/370,075
- Filed: 2006-03-07
- Published: 2007-03-08
- Granted: 2010-06-29
- Earliest claimed: 2005-09-03
- Assignees: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
- Inventors: Bernd Holle; Manfred Schingnitz; Norbert Fischer
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7744665B2

## CPC

- C10J 3/485: {Entrained flow gasifiers}
- C10J 3/466: {Entrained flow processes}
- C10J 3/721: {Multistage gasification, e.g. plural parallel or serial gasification stages}
- C10J 3/84: with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
- C10J 3/845: {Quench rings}
- C10K 1/04: by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials {(C10K1/001 takes precedence)}
- C10K 1/101: {with water only}
- C10L 5/00: Solid fuels (produced by solidifying fluid fuels C10L7/00; peat briquettes C10F7/06)
- C10L 5/366: {Powders}
- C10J 2200/09: Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
- C10J 2200/156: Sluices, e.g. mechanical sluices for preventing escape of gas through the feed inlet
- C10J 2300/0903: Feed preparation
- C10J 2300/093: Coal
- C10J 2300/0959: Oxygen
- C10J 2300/1634: Ash vitrification
- C10J 2300/1693: with storage facilities for intermediate, feed and/or product
- Y02P 20/129: Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
- C10J: PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES (synthesis gas from liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons C01B; underground gasification of minerals E21B43/295); CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10K: PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10L: FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

## Abstract

A method and device for the gasification of solid fuels such as bituminous coal, lignite coal, and petroleum coke in the flue stream, with an oxidizing medium containing free oxygen by partial oxidation at pressures between atmospheric pressure and 80 bar, and at temperatures between 1200 and 1900° C., consisting of the process steps of pneumatic metering for pulverized fuel, gasification in a flue stream reactor with cooled reaction chamber contour, partial quenching, cooling, crude gas scrubbing, and partial condensation.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for the production of gases containing CO and H2 with fine dust <25 μm, by gasification of solid fuels containing ash, such as bituminous coal, lignite coal, and petroleum coke in the flue stream with an oxidizing medium containing free oxygen, at temperatures between 1200° C. and 1900° C., and pressures between atmospheric pressure and 8 MPa, and for waste heat recovery, comprising the following steps:
feeding a pulverized fuel with a water content of <10 wt. %, and a grain size <200 μm to a pneumatic metering system, with the pulverized fuel arriving in at least one pressurized sluice through a bunker;
bringing the pulverized fuel to a pressure between atmospheric pressure and 8 MPa (80 bar) with a condensate-free gas;
feeding the pulverized fuel to a metering tank into the bottom of which is fed an inert gas, so that a fluidized bed is formed with a density of 350 to 420 kg/m3;
feeding the pulverized fuel through a transport pipe to a reactor together with an oxidizing medium containing free oxygen;
subjecting the pulverized fuel to partial oxidation in a reaction chamber of the reactor, said chamber having a cooling shield, to yield crude gas and ash;
melting the ash;
transferring the melted ash together with hot crude gas at a bottom of the reactor through a discharge device to a quenching cooler;
subjecting the crude gas together with the liquid slag formed from the fuel ash to partial quenching in a quenching chamber of the quenching cooler, the quenching chamber having no internals and being arranged perpendicularly under the reactor, with the partial quenching taking place at temperatures between 700 and 1,100° C.,
collecting the cooled slag in a first water bath located at a bottom of the quenching chamber;
passing the partially quenched gas from the quenching chamber to a vertically arranged waste heat boiler located beside the quenching chamber, the waste heat boiler having vertically arranged cooling tubes for steam generation, wherein there is an opening in the waste heat boiler at the bottom of the tubes for the crude gas and a slag discharge with a second water bath;
spraying water necessary for partial quenching through nozzles arranged in one or more nozzle rings and being flush with an inner jacket of the quenching cooler;
recovering waste heat from the partially quenched crude gas in the waste heat boiler;
subjecting the crude gas to a crude gas scrubber to be cleansed of entrained fine dust; and subsequently
subjecting the crude gas to partial condensation by indirectly cooling down by 5 to 10° C.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A method pursuant to claim 1, wherein the oxidizing medium is introduced into the pulverized fuel at a pressure between 25 and 45 bar.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

A method pursuant to claim 1, wherein the condensate-free gas is nitrogen.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

A method pursuant to claim 1, wherein the crude gas scrubber is a single- or multiple-stage Venturi scrubber.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

A method pursuant to claim 4, wherein Venturi scrubber is supplied with fresh water or recycled condensates that are produced by the cooling of the crude gas.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

A method pursuant to claim 1, wherein the waste heat boiler is operated at temperatures of 700 to 1,100° C.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

A method pursuant to claim 1, wherein the crude gas scrubbing takes place at temperatures of 200 to 300° C.

### Claim 8 (depends on 4)

A method pursuant to claim 4, wherein the Venturi scrubbers are supplied with circulated water or recycled condensate.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

A method pursuant to claim 1, wherein the fuel is supplied to the reactor as a fuel-in-water slurry or as a fuel-in-oil slurry.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

A method pursuant to claim 1, wherein the fuel is supplied to the reactor through one or more burners.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

A method pursuant to claim 1, wherein granulated slag is discharged through one or more outlets from the quenching chamber.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

A method pursuant to claim 1, wherein the quenched crude gas leaves the quenching chamber through one or more gas outlets.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

A method pursuant to claim 1, wherein one or more varieties of coal are gasified at the same time.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

A method pursuant to claim 1, wherein a volume of the pulverized fuel in the supply pipe is measured, monitored, and regulated.