Electrophotographic photoreceptor, image forming apparatus, and process cartridge

An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising:

• an electroconductive support;
• and a photosensitive layer on the electroconductive support, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises a functional layer, the functional layer being obtained by curing a curable resin composition comprising a compound having a triple bond and a hydroxyl group in a molecule and a curable resin, wherein
• the compound having a triple bond and a hydroxyl group is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2-propyn-1-ol, 1-butyn-3-ol, 2-butyn-1-ol, 3-butyn-1-ol, 1-pentyn-3-ol, 2-pentyn-1-ol, 3-pentyn-1-ol, 4-pentyn-1-ol, 4-pentyn-2-ol, 1-hexyn-3-ol, 2-hexyn-1-ol, 3-hexyn-1-ol, 5-hexyn-1-ol, 5-hexyn-3-ol, 1-heptyn-3-ol, 2-heptyn-1-ol, 3-heptyn-1-ol, 4-heptyn-2-ol, 5-heptyn-3-ol, 1-octyn-3-ol, 3-octyn-1-ol, 3-nonyn-1-ol, 2-decyn-1-ol, 3-decyn-1-ol, 10-undecyn-1-ol, 3-methyl-1-butyn-3-ol, 3-methyl-1-penten-4-yn-3-ol, 3-methyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 5-methyl-1-hexyn-3-ol, 3-ethyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 3-ethyl-1-heptyn-3-ol, 4-ethyl-1-octyn-3-ol, 3,4-dimethyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 3,5-dimethyl-1-hexyn-3-ol, 3,6-dimethyl-1-heptyn-3-ol, 2,2,8,8-tetramethyl-3,6-nonadiyn-5-ol, 4,6-nonadecadiyn-1-ol, 10,12-pentacosadiyn-1-ol, 2-butyn-1,4-diol, 3-hexyn-2,5-diol, 2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol, 2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyn-2,5-diol, 3,6-dimethyl-4-octyn-3,6-diol, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol, (+)-1,6-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-1,6-diphenyl-2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol, (−1,6-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-1,6-diphenyl-2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol, 2-butyn-1,4-diol bis(2-hydroxyethyl), 1,4-diacetoxy-2-butyn-4-diethylamino-2-butyn-1-ol, 1,1-diphenyl-2-propyn-1-ol, 1-ethynyl-1-cyclohexanol, 9-ethynyl-9-fluorenol, 2,4-hexadiyndiyl-1,6-bis(4-phenylazobenzene sulfonate), ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-butynoate, 2-methyl-4-phenyl-3-butyn-2-ol, methyl propargyl ether, 5-phenyl-4-pentyn-1-ol, 1-phenyl-1-propyn-3-ol, 1-phenyl-2-propyn-1-ol, 4-trimethylsilyl-3-butyn-2-ol, 3-trimethylsilyl-2-propyn-1-ol and a compound represented by fomula (XX-1) or (XX-2):
• wherein R53, R54, R55 and R56 each independently represents a monovalent organic group, and l, m and n each independently represents an integer.

An image forming apparatus comprising:

• an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising:
• an electroconductive support;
• and a photosensitive layer on the electroconductive support, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises a functional layer, the functional layer comprising:
• a compound having a triple bond and a hydroxyl group in a molecule;
• and a cured product of a curable resin;
• a charging unit that charges the electrophotographic photoreceptor;
• an exposing unit that exposes the charged electrophotographic photoreceptor to form an electrostatic latent image;
• a developing unit that develops the electrostatic latent image with a toner to form a toner image;
• and a transferring unit that transfers the toner image to a transfer medium, wherein
• the compound having a triple bond and a hydroxyl group is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2-propyn-1-ol, 1-butyn-3-ol, 2-butyn-1-ol, 3-butyn-1-ol, 1-pentyn-3-ol, 2-pentyn-1-ol, 3-pentyn-1-ol, 4-pentyn-1-ol, 4-pentyn-2-ol, 1-hexyn-3-ol, 2-hexyn-1-ol, 3-hexyn-1-ol, 5-hexyn-1-ol, 5-hexyn-3-ol, 1-heptyn-3-ol, 2-heptyn-1-ol, 3-heptyn-1-ol, 4-heptyn-2-ol, 5-heptyn-3-ol, 1-octyn-3-ol, 3-octyn-1-ol, 3-nonyn-1-ol, 2-decyn-1-ol, 3-decyn-1-ol, 10-undecyn-1-ol, 3-methyl-1-butyn-3-ol, 3-methyl-1-penten-4-yn-3-ol, 3-methyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 5-methyl-1-hexyn-3-ol, 3-ethyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 3-ethyl-1-heptyn-3-ol, 4-ethyl-1-octyn-3-ol, 3,4-dimethyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 3,5-dimethyl-1-hexyn-3-ol, 3,6-dimethyl-1-heptyn-3-ol, 2,2,8,8-tetramethyl-3,6-nonadiyn-5-ol, 4,6-nonadecadiyn-1-ol, 10,12-pentacosadiyn-1-ol, 2-butyn-1,4-diol, 3-hexyn-2,5-diol, 2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol, 2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyn-2,5-diol, 3,6-dimethyl-4-octyn-3,6-diol, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol, (+)-1,6-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-1,6-diphenyl-2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol, (−)-1,6-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-1,6-diphenyl-2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol, 2-butyn-1,4-diol bis(2-hydroxyethyl), 1,4-diacetoxy-2-butyn-4-diethylamino-2-butyn-1-ol, 1,1-diphenyl-2-propyn-1-ol, 1-ethynyl-1-cyclohexanol, 9-ethynyl-9-fluorenol, 2,4-hexadiyndiyl-1,6-bis(4-phenylazobenzene sulfonate), ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-butynoate, 2-methyl-4-phenyl-3-butyn-2-ol, methyl propargyl ether, 5-phenyl-4-pentyn-1-ol, 1-phenyl-1-propyn-3-ol, 1-phenyl-2-propyn-1-ol, 4-trimethylsilyl-3-butyn-2-ol, 3-trimethylsilyl-2-propyn-1-ol and a compound represented by fomula (XX-1) or (XX-2):
• wherein R53, R54, R55 and R56 each independently represents a monovalent organic group, and l, m and n each independently represents an integer.

An image forming apparatus comprising:

• an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising:
• an electroconductive support;
• and a photosensitive layer on the electroconductive support, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises a functional layer, the functional layer being obtained by curing a curable resin composition comprising a compound having a triple bond and a hydroxyl group in a molecule and a curable resin a charging unit that charges the electrophotographic photoreceptor;
• an exposing unit that exposes the charged electrophotographic photoreceptor to form an electrostatic latent image;
• a developing unit that develops the electrostatic latent image with a toner to form a toner image;
• and a transferring unit that transfers the toner image to a transfer medium, wherein
• the compound having a triple bond and a hydroxyl group is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2-propyn-1-ol, 1-butyn-3-ol, 2-butyn-1-ol, 3-butyn-1-ol, 1-pentyn-3-ol, 2-pentyn-1-ol, 3-pentyn-1-ol, 4-pentyn-1-ol, 4-pentyn-2-ol, 1-hexyn-3-ol, 2-hexyn-1-ol, 3-hexyn-1-ol, 5-hexyn-1-ol, 5-hexyn-3-ol, 1-heptyn-3-ol, 2-heptyn-1-ol, 3-heptyn-1-ol, 4-heptyn-2-ol, 5-heptyn-3-ol, 1-octyn-3-ol, 3-octyn-1-ol, 3-nonyn-1-ol, 2-decyn-1-ol, 3-decyn-1-ol, 10-undecyn-1-ol, 3-methyl-1-butyn-3-ol, 3-methyl-1-penten-4-yn-3-ol, 3-methyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 5-methyl-1-hexyn-3-ol, 3-ethyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 3-ethyl-1-heptyn-3-ol, 4-ethyl-1-octyn-3-ol, 3,4-dimethyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 3,5-dimethyl-1-hexyn-3-ol, 3,6-dimethyl-1-heptyn-3-ol, 2,2,8,8-tetramethyl-3,6-nonadiyn-5-ol, 4,6-nonadecadiyn-1-ol, 10,12-pentacosadiyn-1-ol, 2-butyn-1,4-diol, 3-hexyn-2,5-diol, 2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol, 2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyn-2,5-diol, 3,6-dimethyl-4-octyn-3,6-diol, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol, (+)-1,6-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-1,6-diphenyl-2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol, (−)-1,6-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-1,6-diphenyl-2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol, 2-butyn-1,4-diol bis(2-hydroxyethyl), 1,4-diacetoxy-2-butyn-4-diethylamino-2-butyn-1-ol, 1,1-diphenyl-2-propyn-1-ol, 1-ethynyl-1-cyclohexanol, 9-ethynyl-9-fluorenol, 2,4-hexadiyndiyl-1,6-bis(4-phenylazobenzene sulfonate), ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-butynoate, 2-methyl-4-phenyl-3-butyn-2-ol, methyl propargyl ether, 5-phenyl-4-pentyn-1-ol, 1-phenyl-1-propyn-3-ol, 1-phenyl-2-propyn-1-ol, 4-trimethylsilyl-3-butyn-2-ol, 3-trimethylsilyl-2-propyn-1-ol and a compound represented by fomula (XX-1) or (XX-2):
• wherein R53, R54, R55 and R56 each independently represents a monovalent organic group, and l, m and n each independently represents an integer.

A process cartridge comprising:

• an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising:
• an electroconductive support;
• and a photosensitive layer on the electroconductive support, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises a functional layer, the functional layer comprising:
• a compound having a triple bond and a hydroxyl group in a molecule;
• and a cured product of a curable resin;
• at least one member selected from:
• a charging unit that charges the electrophotographic photoreceptor;
• a developing unit that develops an electrostatic latent image formed on the electrophotographic photoreceptor, with a toner to form a toner image;
• and a cleaning unit that removes a toner remaining on a surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor after transferring, wherein
• the compound having a triple bond and a hydroxyl group is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2-propyn-1-ol, 1-butyn-3-ol, 2-butyn-1-ol, 3-butyn-1-ol, 1-pentyn-3-ol, 2-pentyn-1-ol, 3-pentyn-1-ol, 4-pentyn-1-ol, 4-pentyn-2-ol, 1-hexyn-3-ol, 2-hexyn-1-ol, 3-hexyn-1-ol, 5-hexyn-1-ol, 5-hexyn-3-ol, 1-heptyn-3-ol, 2-heptyn-1-ol, 3-heptyn-1-ol, 4-heptyn-2-ol, 5-heptyn-3-ol, 1-octyn-3-ol, 3-octyn-1-ol, 3-nonyn-1-ol, 2-decyn-1-ol, 3-decyn-1-ol, 10-undecyn-1-ol, 3-methyl-1-butyn-3-ol, 3-methyl-1-penten-4-yn-3-ol, 3-methyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 5-methyl-1-hexyn-3-ol, 3-ethyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 3-ethyl-1-heptyn-3-ol, 4-ethyl-1-octyn-3-ol, 3,4-dimethyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 3,5-dimethyl-1-hexyn-3-ol, 3,6-dimethyl-1-heptyn-3-ol, 2,2,8,8-tetramethyl-3,6-nonadiyn-5-ol, 4,6-nonadecadiyn-1-ol, 10,12-pentacosadiyn-1-ol, 2-butyn-1,4-diol, 3-hexyn-2,5-diol, 2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol, 2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyn-2,5-diol, 3,6-dimethyl-4-octyn-3,6-diol, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol, (+)-1,6-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-1,6-diphenyl-2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol, (−)-1,6-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-1,6-diphenyl-2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol, 2-butyn-1,4-diol bis(2-hydroxyethyl), 1,4-diacetoxy-2-butyn-4-diethylamino-2-butyn-1-ol, 1,1-diphenyl-2-propyn-1-ol, 1-ethynyl-1-cyclohexanol, 9-ethynyl-9-fluorenol, 2,4-hexadiyndiyl-1,6-bis(4-phenylazobenzene sulfonate), ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-butynoate, 2-methyl-4-phenyl-3-butyn-2-ol, methyl propargyl ether, 5-phenyl-4-pentyn-1-ol, 1-phenyl-1-propyn-3-ol, 1-phenyl-2-propyn-1-ol, 4-trimethylsilyl-3-butyn-2-ol, 3-trimethylsilyl-2-propyn-1-ol and a compound represented by fomula (XX-1) or (XX-2):
• wherein R53, R54, R55 and R56 each independently represents a monovalent organic group, and l, m and n each independently represents an integer.

A process cartridge comprising:

• an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising:
• an electroconductive support;
• and a photosensitive layer on the electroconductive support, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises a functional layer, the functional layer being obtained by curing a curable resin composition comprising a compound having a triple bond and a hydroxyl group in a molecule and a curable resin at least one member selected from:
• a charging unit that charges the electrophotographic photoreceptor;
• a developing unit that develops an electrostatic latent image formed on the electrophotographic photoreceptor, with a toner to form a toner image;
• and a cleaning unit that removes a toner remaining on a surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor after transferring, wherein
• the compound having a triple bond and a hydroxyl group is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2-propyn-1-ol, 1-butyn-3-ol, 2-butyn-1-ol, 3-butyn-1-ol, 1-pentyn-3-ol, 2-pentyn-1-ol, 3-pentyn-1-ol, 4-pentyn-1-ol, 4-pentyn-2-ol, 1-hexyn-3-ol, 2-hexyn-1-ol, 3-hexyn-1-ol, 5-hexyn-1-ol, 5-hexyn-3-ol, 1-heptyn-3-ol, 2-heptyn-1-ol, 3-heptyn-1-ol, 4-heptyn-2-ol, 5-heptyn-3-ol, 1-octyn-3-ol, 3-octyn-1-ol, 3-nonyn-1-ol, 2-decyn-1-ol, 3-decyn-1-ol, 10-undecyn-1-ol, 3-methyl-1-butyn-3-ol, 3-methyl-1-penten-4-yn-3-ol, 3-methyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 5-methyl-1-hexyn-3-ol, 3-ethyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 3-ethyl-1-heptyn-3-ol, 4-ethyl-1-octyn-3-ol, 3,4-dimethyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 3,5-dimethyl-1-hexyn-3-ol, 3,6-dimethyl-1-heptyn-3-ol, 2,2,8,8-tetramethyl-3,6-nonadiyn-5-ol, 4,6-nonadecadiyn-1-ol, 10,12-pentacosadiyn-1-ol, 2-butyn-1,4-diol, 2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol, 2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyn-2,5-diol, 3,6-dimethyl-4-octyn-3,6-diol, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol, (+)-1,6-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-1,6-diphenyl-2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol, (−)-1,6-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-1,6-diphenyl-2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol, 2-butyn-1,4-diol bis(2-hydroxyethyl), 1,4-diacetoxy-2-butyn-4-diethylamino-2-butyn-1-ol, 1,1-diphenyl-2-propyn-1-ol, 1-ethynyl-1-cyclohexanol, 9-ethynyl-9-fluorenol, 2,4-hexadiyndiyl-1,6-bis(4-phenylazobenzene sulfonate), ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-butynoate, 2-methyl-4-phenyl-3-butyn-2-ol, methyl propargyl ether, 5-phenyl-4-pentyn-1-ol, 1-phenyl-1-propyn-3-ol, 1-phenyl-2-propyn-1-ol, 4-trimethylsilyl-3-butyn-2-ol, 3-trimethylsilyl-2-propyn-1-ol and a compound represented by fomula (XX-1) or (XX-2):
• wherein R53, R54, R55 and R56 each independently represents a monovalent organic group, and l, m and n each independently represents an integer.