US 7,627,028 B1Granted

Multi-port S-parameter and T-parameter conversion

AssigneeSun Microsystems, Inc.

InventorsJames M. Frei, Xiao-Ding Cai, Stephen A. Muller

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Abstract

A method for making measurements using a vector network analyzer, and for multi-port S-parameter and T-parameter conversion includes a generalized T-matrix definition that facilitates the conversion between the S-parameters and the T-parameters for multi-port networks based on the well understood and mathematically simple 2-port relations. One contemplated approach generalizes all multi-port networks into two cases: balanced and unbalanced. Through careful selection of the T-matrix, the contemplated method extends 2-port symmetry to multi-port networks and provides an engineering implementable relationship between the S- and T-parameters for multi-port networks. This symmetry extension allows a practical means to cascade and de-embed such networks.

Claims20

Dependent claims

A method for making measurements using a vector network analyzer, and for multi-port S-parameter and T-parameter conversion, the method comprising:

defining an S-matrix according to:
[
b
1
b
2
⋮
b
N
]
=
[
S
11
S
12
…
S
1
⁢
N
S
21
S
22
…
S
2
⁢
N
⋮
⋮
⋰
⋮
S
N
⁢
⁢
1
S
N
⁢
⁢
2
…
S
NN
]
·
[
a
1
a
2
⋮
a
N
]
=
[
S
]
·
[
a
1
a
2
⋮
a
N
]
wherein the size of the S-matrix is N×N such that N is the number of ports for a network being analyzed;
defining quadrants for the S-matrix by dividing the S-matrix into quadrants wherein each quadrant is a sub-matrix, and such that the divided S-matrix provides a grouping symmetry to a 2-port network;
defining a T-matrix according to:
[
b
1
b
2
⋮
b
m
a
1
a
2
⋮
a
m
]
=
[
T
11
T
12
…
T
1
⁢
N
T
21
T
22
…
T
2
⁢
N
⋮
⋮
⋰
⋮
T
M
⁢
⁢
1
T
M
⁢
⁢
2
…
T
MN
]
·
[
a
(
m
+
1
)
a
(
m
+
2
)
⋮
a
m
+
n
b
(
m
+
1
)
b
(
m
+
2
)
⋮
b
m
+
n
]
wherein the size of the T-matrix is M×N such that M=2×m and N=2×n where m is the number of entrance ports and n is the number of exit ports for the network being analyzed;
defining quadrants for the T-matrix by dividing the T-matrix into quadrants wherein each quadrant is a sub-matrix, and such that the divided T-matrix provides the same grouping symmetry to the 2-port network to provide a defined relationship between the S- and T-matrices;
and
making measurements pertaining to a plurality of networks, and manipulating the measurements in accordance with the defined relationship between the S- and T-matrices to result in other measurements pertaining to the plurality of networks.

167 more elements

A system for making measurements using a vector network analyzer, and for multi-port S-parameter and T-parameter conversion, the system comprising a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon that are executable by a computer to perform a method comprising:

defining an S-matrix according to:
[
b
1
b
2
⋮
b
N
]
=
[
S
11
S
12
…
S
1
⁢
N
S
21
S
22
…
S
2
⁢
N
⋮
⋮
⋰
⋮
S
N
⁢
⁢
1
S
N
⁢
⁢
2
…
S
NN
]
·
[
a
1
a
2
⋮
a
N
]
=
[
S
]
·
[
a
1
a
2
⋮
a
N
]
wherein the size of the S-matrix is N×N such that N is the number of ports for a network being analyzed;
defining quadrants for the S-matrix by dividing the S-matrix into quadrants wherein each quadrant is a sub-matrix, and such that the divided S-matrix provides a grouping symmetry to a 2-port network;
defining a T-matrix according to:
[
b
1
b
2
⋮
b
m
a
1
a
2
⋮
a
m
]
=
[
T
11
T
12
…
T
1
⁢
N
T
21
T
22
…
T
2
⁢
N
⋮
⋮
⋰
⋮
T
M
⁢
⁢
1
T
M
⁢
⁢
2
…
T
MN
]
·
[
a
(
m
+
1
)
a
(
m
+
2
)
⋮
a
m
+
n
b
(
m
+
1
)
b
(
m
+
2
)
⋮
b
m
+
n
]
wherein the size of the T-matrix is M×N such that M=2×m and N=2×n where m is the number of entrance ports and n is the number of exit ports for the network being analyzed;
defining quadrants for the T-matrix by dividing the T-matrix into quadrants wherein each quadrant is a sub-matrix, and such that the divided T-matrix provides the same grouping symmetry to the 2-port network to provide a defined relationship between the S- and T-matrices;
and
making measurements pertaining to a plurality of networks, and manipulating the measurements in accordance with the defined relationship between the S- and T-matrices to result in other measurements pertaining to the plurality of networks.

167 more elements

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.