# US 7,611,787 B2 · Colorant treated ion exchange resins, method of making, heat transfer systems and assemblies containing the same, and method of use

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- Number: US 7,611,787 B2
- Document ID: US7611787B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 11/222,506
- Filed: 2005-09-08
- Published: 2006-03-23
- Granted: 2009-11-03
- Earliest claimed: 2004-09-08
- Assignees: Honeywell International Inc.
- Inventors: Bo Yang; Peter M. Woyciesjes; Filipe J. Marinho; Aleksei V. Gershun
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7611787B2

## CPC

- H01M 8/04029: Heat exchange using liquids
- B01J 47/016: Modification or after-treatment of ion-exchangers
- C09K 5/10: Liquid materials
- F28F 19/00: Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters {or scrapers}
- H01M 8/04007: related to heat exchange
- H01M 8/04059: {Evaporative processes for the cooling of a fuel cell}
- F01P 2011/068: {chemically}
- Y02E 60/50: Fuel cells
- Y02P 70/50: Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y10T 428/249921: Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- C09K: MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- F28F: DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION (water and air traps, air venting F16)
- F01P: COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES (arrangements in connection with cooling of propulsion units in vehicles B60K11/00; heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials C09K5/00; {cooling of gas-turbine engines F02C7/12}; heat exchange in general, radiators F28)
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

Disclosed is a colorant treated ion exchange resin comprising at least 15% of exchangeable groups comprising at least one of an ion, a Lewis acid, or a Lewis base resulting from a colorant having a pKa or pKb of greater than 5 in an aqueous solution at 25° C., based on the total number of exchangeable groups. Also disclosed are heat transfer systems, assemblies, fuel cell systems and methods of maintaining a conductivity of less than 200 μS/cm in a heat transfer fluid that employ the disclosed colorant treated ion exchange resins. Finally, a method of making the disclosed colorant treated ion exchange resins is provided.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An ion exchange resin comprising at least 15% by total number of exchangeable groups comprising at least one of an ion, a Lewis acid, or a Lewis base resulting from a colorant having a pKa or pKb of greater than 5 in an aqueous solution at 25° C., based on the total number of exchangeable groups; and
wherein the colorant is of the formula:
R{Ak[(B)nR1]m}x
wherein
R is an organic chromophore selected from the group consisting of anthraquinone, triphenylmethane, diphenylmethane, azo containing compounds, disazo containing compounds, trisazo containing compounds, diazo containing compounds, xanthene, acridine, indene, phthalocyanine, azaannulene, nitroso, nitro, diarylmethane, triarylmethane, methine, indamine, azine, oxazine, thiazine, quinoline, indigoid, indophenol, lactone, aminoketone, hydroxyketone, stilbene, thiazole, one or more conjugated aromatic groups, one or more conjugated heterocyclic groups, one or more conjugated C—C double bonds, and combinations thereof;
A is a linking moiety in said chromophore and is selected from the group consisting of O, N and S;
k is 0 or 1;
B is selected from the group consisting of one or more alkyleneoxy or alkoxy groups containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;
n is an integer of from 1 to 100;
m is 1 or 2;
x is an integer of from 1 to 5; and
R1 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C6 alkyl or alkoxy groups containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The ion exchange resin of claim 1 wherein the colorant is substantially free of functional groups that will form an ionic species due to hydrolysis in an aqueous alcohol solution.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The ion exchange resin of claim 2 wherein the colorant is substantially free of functional groups selected from the group consisting of carboxylate groups, sulfonate groups, phosphonate groups, quaternary amines, groups that carry a positive charge, and groups that carry a negative charge.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The ion exchange resin of claim 1 wherein the colorant at least one chromophore selected from the group consisting of anthraquinone, triphenylmethane, diphenylmethane, azo containing compounds, disazo containing compounds, trisazo containing compounds, diazo containing compounds, or combinations thereof.

### Claim 5

An assembly powered by an alternative power source comprising
an alternative power source and
a heat transfer system in thermal communication with the alternative power source, the heat transfer system comprising
a circulation loop defining a flow path for a heat transfer fluid having a conductivity of less than 200 μS/cm, and
an ion exchange resin positioned in the flow path, the ion exchange resin comprising ion exchangeable groups, wherein at least 15% of the total ion exchangeable groups comprise at least one of an ion, a Lewis acid, or a Lewis base resulting from a colorant having a pKa or pKb of greater than 5 in an aqueous solution at 25° C., based on the total number of exchangeable groups; and
wherein the colorant is of the formula:
R{Ak[(B)nR1]m}x
wherein
R is an organic chromophore selected from the group consisting of anthraquinone, triphenylmethane, diphenylmethane, azo containing compounds, disazo containing compounds, trisazo containing compounds, diazo containing compounds, xanthene, acridine, indene, phthalocyanine, azaannulene, nitroso, nitro, diarylmethane, triarylmethane, methine, indamine, azine, oxazine, thiazine, quinoline, indigoid, indophenol, lactone, aminoketone, hydroxyketone, stilbene, thiazole, one or more conjugated aromatic groups, one or more conjugated heterocyclic groups, one or more conjugated C—C double bonds, and combinations thereof;
A is a linking moiety in said chromophore and is selected from the group consisting of O, N and S;
k is 0 or 1;
B is selected from the group consisting of one or more alkyleneoxy or alkoxy groups containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;
n is an integer of from 1 to 100;
m is 1 or 2;
x is an integer of from 1 to 5; and
R1 is selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C6 alkyl or alkoxy groups containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof.