# US 7,611,677 B2 · Multi-zone fixed-bed or moving-bed reactor with an integrated heat exchanger

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- Number: US 7,611,677 B2
- Document ID: US7611677B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 11/267,570
- Filed: 2005-11-07
- Published: 2006-06-01
- Granted: 2009-11-03
- Earliest claimed: 2004-11-09
- Assignees: Institut Francais du Petrole
- Inventors: Sylvain Louret; Patrice Font; Sylvie Lacombe; Eric Sanchez; Laurent Simon
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7611677B2

## CPC

- B01J 8/125: {with multiple sections one above the other separated by distribution aids, e.g. reaction and regeneration sections}
- B01J 8/0453: {the beds being superimposed one above the other}
- B01J 8/0492: {Feeding reactive fluids (for solid material, see B01J8/0015)}
- B01J 8/0496: {Heating or cooling the reactor}
- B01J 8/085: {Feeding reactive fluids (for solid material, see B01J8/0015)}
- B01J 8/087: {Heating or cooling the reactor}
- C10G 50/00: Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from lower carbon number hydrocarbons, e.g. by oligomerisation
- B01J 2208/00168: with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
- B01J 2208/00203: Coils
- C10G 2300/1088: Olefins
- C10G 2400/04: Diesel oil
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- C10G: CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION (cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas C01B; cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to individual hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of definite or specified constitution C07C; cracking to cokes C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES

## Abstract

This invention relates to a staged-zone reactor of the axial-flow type that makes it possible to implement strongly endothermic or exothermic reactions. The reactor comprises a constriction of the catalytic bed between an upper zone (3a) and a lower zone (3b), making it possible to house in the reactor a heat exchanger for the intermediate heating or cooling of the effluents. Process of chemical conversion using this reactor for exothermic or endothermic reactions in the gas and/or liquid phase, and in particular for the oligomerization reaction of C2 to C12 fractions for the purpose of producing a diesel fraction.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A reactor system comprising a source of fresh or regenerated catalyst reactor of elongated shape along an essentially vertical axis, said reactor comprising a cylindrical shell and several vertically-staged catalytic reaction zones in said cylindrical shell, whereby said reactor is adapted to the axial circulation of a reaction fluid serially in each of said zones and comprises means (100) for introducing and means (101) for evacuating said reaction fluid, means (102) connected to said source of fresh or regenerated catalyst for intake of fresh or regenerated catalyst at the top of the reactor, and means (105) for evacuating spent catalyst in the lower portion of the reactor, said reactor comprising:
an upper reaction zone (3a) filled with granular catalyst, at least a section of zone (3a) being vertical and diametrically coextensive to that of the cylindrical shell on a portion of its height, directly connected via a constriction zone to a reaction zone (3b) that is also filled with granular catalyst at least a section of zone (3b) being vertical and diametrically coextensive to that of the cylindrical shell on a portion of its height, located just below the upper reaction zone (3a), whereby said reaction zones (3a) and (3b) are two successive reaction zones that are directly connected by a reaction effluent path, and by a catalyst path from zone (3a) to zone (3b) through said constriction zone, whereby zone (3a) is connected at its upper portion, directly or indirectly, to said fluid means (102) for feeding fresh or regenerated catalyst, whereby zone (3b) is connected at its lower portion, directly or indirectly, to said means (105) for evacuating spent catalyst, whereby the reactor, placed at the constriction zone between this constriction zone and the cylindrical shell of the reactor, also comprises a heat exchanger (8) for heating or cooling reaction fluid circulating between zones (3a) and (3b), and means for transporting fresh and/or regenerated catalyst to said reactor.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A reactor system according to claim 1, in which zone (3a) in its upper portion comprises an essentially conical convergent that comprises perforations for the path of reaction fluid, connected to a channel (2b) with a reduced diameter relative to that of the reactor, whereby said channel delimits at least a portion of the constriction zone.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

A reactor system according to claim 2, in which said channel (2b) has a diameter of between 1% and 50% of the diameter of the reactor at the constriction zone.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

A reactor system according to claim 1, further comprising conduit means in communication with said source of fresh or regenerated catalysts and for passing said fresh or regenerated catalysts directly into said constriction zone.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

A reactor system according to claim 4, further comprising conduit means for introducing additional reaction fluid into a zone outside the constriction zone and between the reaction zones 3(a) and 3(b).

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

A reactor system according to claim 1, further comprising conduit means for introducing additional reaction fluid into a zone outside the constriction zone and between the reaction zones 3aand 3b.