# US 7,611,096 B2 · In orbit space transportation and recovery system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 7,611,096 B2 - Document ID: US7611096B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 11/651,800 - Filed: 2007-01-10 - Published: 2007-05-17 - Granted: 2009-11-03 - Earliest claimed: 2001-07-30 - Assignees: IOSTAR Corporation - Inventors: Robert F. D'Ausilio; James R. Stuart; Thomas N. Giaccherini; Franklin H. Williams, Jr. - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7611096B2 ## CPC - B64G 1/2427: {Transfer orbits} - B64G 1/1081: {for debris removal} - B64G 1/408: {Nuclear spacecraft propulsion} - B64G 1/413: {Ion or plasma engines} - B64G 1/422: {Nuclear power generation} - B64G 1/503: {Radiator panels} - B64G 1/6462: {characterised by the means for engaging other vehicles} - G21D 5/02: Reactor and engine structurally combined, e.g. portable - B64G 1/506: {Heat pipes} - B64G 1/54: Protection against radiation - Y02E 30/00: Energy generation of nuclear origin - B64G: COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR - G21D: NUCLEAR POWER PLANT - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract A preferred In Orbit Transportation & Recovery System (IOSTAR™) (10) includes a space tug powered by a nuclear reactor (19). The IOSTAR™ includes a collapsible boom (11) connected at one end to a propellant tank (13) which stores fuel for an electric propulsion system (12). This end of the boom (11) is equipped with docking hardware (14) that is able to grasp and hold a satellite (15) and as a means to refill the tank (13). Radiator panels (16) mounted on the boom (11) dissipate heat from the reactor (19). A radiation shield (20) is situated next to the reactor (19) to protect the satellite payload (15) at the far end of the boom (11). The IOSTAR™ (10) will be capable of accomplishing rendezvous and docking maneuvers which will enable it to move spacecraft between a low Earth parking orbit and positions in higher orbits or to other locations in our Solar System. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method comprising the steps of: a) operating a nuclear powered vehicle in orbit; and b) using said nuclear powered vehicle for emanating telecommunication signals to a receiver on or near the surface of the Earth, wherein the emanated signals are in the 30 gigahertz to 3000 gigahertz wavelength range, and wherein the nuclear power is provided by a nuclear reactor, and an energy converter coupled to the nuclear reactor produces at least 250 kW of sustained electrical power used to emanate the telecommunication signals. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A method as recited in claim 1, in which a customer is charged for using said telecommunication signals by a number of packets of data conveyed. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) A method as recited in claim 1, in which a customer is charged for using said telecommunication signals according to a measured power flux density of said signals. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) A method as recited in claim 1, in which a customer is charged for using said telecommunication signals per a specified program of content conveyed. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein the emanating telecommunication signals comprise direct broadcast signals. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5 in which a customer is charged for receiving said direct broadcast signals by a number of packets of data conveyed. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5 in which a customer is charged for receiving said direct broadcast signals per a specified program of content conveyed. ### Claim 8 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5 in which a customer is charged for receiving said direct broadcast signals according to a measured power flux density of said signals. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) A method as recited in claim 1 in which the receiver is supported by the surface of the Earth. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) A method as recited in claim 1 in which the emanated signal frequency is at least 100 gigahertz. ### Claim 11 A method of operating a nuclear powered vehicle in orbit comprising the steps of: a) providing said nuclear powered vehicle in orbit with a radiation shield for protecting a detachable payload; b) providing said nuclear powered vehicle with a grasping means extending outwardly therefrom at one end for docking and interacting with at least one other satellite; said grasping means being configured for multiple use and for interacting with a plurality of different objects; said grasping means including a plurality of segments; c) configuring said plurality of segments to partially surround one of said plurality of different objects and to engage and to grasp said object without the need for any preconfigured docking interface on said object; and d) emanating telecommunication signals to a receiver on or near a celestial body. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11 in which said emanated telecommunication signals comprise direct broadcast signals. ### Claim 13 A spacecraft comprising: a) a boom; b) a nuclear reactor coupled to said boom; c) a radiation shield coupled to said nuclear reactor; d) an energy converter coupled to the nuclear reactor producing electrical energy; e) a radiator coupled to said nuclear reactor; and f) an apparatus configured to emanate telecommunication signals to a receiver on or near the surface of the Earth in a frequency range between 30 gigahertz and 3000 gigahertz, wherein the energy converter is capable of producing at least 250 kW of sustained electrical power to emanate the telecommunication signals. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The spacecraft of claim 13 wherein the apparatus is configured to broadcast in direct broadcast service. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The spacecraft of claim 13 further comprising a multiple-use grasping device engaging a satellite above the surface of the Earth coupled to said boom generally at one end of said boom. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The spacecraft of claim 15 wherein the radiation shield utilizes multiple zone shielding that minimizes mass and protects fully deployed extended appendages on the satellite. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The spacecraft of claim 13 further comprising an electric propulsion device coupled to said nuclear reactor. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The spacecraft of claim 17 further comprising a propellant tank coupled to said boom storing fuel for said electric propulsion device. ### Claim 19 (depends on 13) The spacecraft of claim 13 wherein the apparatus is configured to emanate telecommunication signals to a receiver supported by the surface of the Earth. ### Claim 20 (depends on 13) The spacecraft of claim 13 wherein the apparatus is configured to emanate telecommunication signals having a frequency of at least 100 gigahertz.