# US 7,609,792 B2 · Multiple-input multiple-output multichip transceiver with correlated clock signals > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 7,609,792 B2 - Document ID: US7609792B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 11/069,172 - Filed: 2005-03-01 - Published: 2006-09-07 - Granted: 2009-10-27 - Earliest claimed: 2005-03-01 - Assignees: Intel Corporation - Inventors: Georgios Palaskas; Ashoke Ravi; Soumyanath Krishnamurthy; Richard B. Nicholls; Keith A. Holt; Stanley K. Ling - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7609792B2 ## CPC - H04L 1/06: using space diversity - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract A multichip transceiver operates as part of a multiple-input multiple-output communication system. First receiver circuitry on a first integrated circuit processes radio-frequency (RF) signals received from a first signal source, and second receiver circuitry on a second integrated circuit processes RF signals received from a second signal source. Clock-signal generating circuitry provides clock signals through phase-matched paths to the first and second receiver circuitry. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A multichip receiver comprising: first receiver circuitry on a first integrated circuit to process first radio-frequency (RF) signals received from a first signal source; second receiver circuitry on a second integrated circuit to process second RF signals received from a second signal source; and clock-signal generating circuitry to provide phase-matched clock signals to the first and second receiver circuitry, wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry is to generate the clock signals from an off- chip crystal, wherein the first and second receiver circuitry generate substantially phase-matched local-oscillator frequencies from the phase-matched clock signals for use in processing the received RE signals, wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry comprises: a clock driver on either the first or the second integrated circuit to receive signals from the crystal; a signal path to provide an output from the clock driver to an off-chip junction; and matched signal paths to provide the clock signals from the junction to the first and second integrated circuits. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The receiver of claim 1 further comprising baseband processing circuitry to generate one or more output data streams from baseband signals provided by both the first and second receiver circuitry. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The receiver of claim 1 further comprising baseband processing circuitry to combine signals from the first and second receiver circuitry to generate two or more data streams, wherein the two or more data streams were simultaneously transmitted by a multiple-output transmitting station with two or more antennas. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The receiver of claim 3 wherein the baseband processing circuitry is on a third integrated circuit. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The receiver of claim 3 wherein the RF signals comprise orthogonal frequency division multiplexed communication signals having a plurality of orthogonal subcarriers, and wherein the first and second signal sources comprise antennas. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The receiver of claim 5 wherein the baseband processing circuitry comprises: first Fourier transform circuitry to generate frequency-domain symbol-modulated subcarriers from a first baseband signal provided by the first receiver circuitry; second Fourier transform circuitry to generate frequency-domain symbol-modulated subcarriers from a second baseband signal provided by the second receiver circuitry; and circuitry to combine the frequency-domain symbol-modulated subcarriers to generate one or more data streams that were separately transmitted by the transmitting station. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The receiver of claim 5 wherein the first receiver circuitry comprises first radio-frequency (RF) circuitry and first analog-to-digital conversion circuitry to downconvert the RF signals from the first source and generate a first baseband signal, and wherein the second receiver circuitry comprises second radio-frequency (RF) circuitry and second analog-to-digital conversion circuitry to downconvert the RF signals from the second source and generate a second baseband signal. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The receiver of claim 6 wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry is to generate the clock signals from the off-chip crystal, wherein the first and second receiver circuitry generate substantially phase-matched local-oscillator frequencies from the phase-matched clock signals for use in processing the received RF signals, and wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry comprises: a first clock driver on the first integrated circuit to receive signals from the crystal; a second clock driver on the second integrated circuit to receive signals from the crystal; an averaging element to combine output signals from the first and second clock drivers and provide a clock signal output to the off-chip junction; and a first pair of matched signal paths to provide the clock signals from the junction to the first and second integrated circuits. ### Claim 9 A multichip receiver comprising: first receiver circuitry on a first integrated circuit to process first radio-frequency (RF) signals received from a first signal source; second receiver circuitry on a second integrated circuit to process second RF signals received from a second signal source; and clock-signal generating circuitry to provide phase-matched clock signals to the first and second receiver circuitry, wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry is to generate the clock signals from an off-chip crystal, wherein the first and second receiver circuitry generate substantially phase-matched local-oscillator frequencies from the phase-matched clock signals for use in processing the received RF signals, wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry comprises: a first clock driver on the first integrated circuit to receive signals from the crystal; a second clock driver on the second integrated circuit to receive signals from the crystal; an averaging element to combine output signals from the first and second clock drivers and provide a clock signal output to an off-chip junction; and a first pair of matched signal paths to provide the clock signals from the junction to the first and second integrated circuits. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The receiver of claim 9 further comprising a second pair of matched signal paths to couple the crystal to the first and second clock drivers, wherein the averaging element comprises resistors to combine and average currents from the first and second clock drivers and is located on neither the first nor the second integrated circuits, and wherein the junction is located on neither the first nor the second integrated circuits. ### Claim 11 A method comprising: processing first radio-frequency (RF) signals on a first integrated circuit received from a first signal source to generate a first baseband signal; processing second RF signals on a second integrated circuit received from a second signal source to generate a second baseband signal; providing phase-matched clock signals to the first and second integrated circuits for use in processing the RE signals; combining the baseband signals to generate two or more data streams; generating the matched clock signals from an off-chip crystal; and generating local-oscillator frequencies from the matched clock signals for use in processing the received RF signals, wherein generating the matched clock signals comprises: receiving signals from the crystal with a clock driver on either the first or the second integrated circuit; providing an output from the clock driver to an off-chip junction through a signal path; and providing the clock signals from the junction to the first and second integrated circuits through matched signal paths, wherein the two or more data streams were simultaneously transmitted by a multiple-output transmitting station with two or more antennas. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11 further comprising combining the baseband signals to generate two or more data streams, wherein the two or more data streams were simultaneously transmitted by a multiple-output transmitting station with two or more antennas. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12 further comprising: generating the matched clock signals from the off-chip crystal; and generating local-oscillator frequencies from the matched clock signals for use in processing the received RE signals, wherein generating the matched clock signals comprises: amplifying signals from the crystal with the clock driver; and providing signals from the clock driver to the first and second integrated circuits through the matched signal paths. ### Claim 14 A method comprising: processing first radio-frequency (RF) signals on a first integrated circuit received from a first signal source to generate a first baseband signal; processing second RF signals on a second integrated circuit received from a second signal source to generate a second baseband signal; providing phase-matched clock signals to the first and second integrated circuits for use in processing the RE signals; combining the baseband signals to generate two or more data streams; generating the matched clock signals from an off-chip crystal; and generating local-oscillator frequencies from the matched clock signals for use in processing the received RE signals, wherein generating the matched clock signals comprises: receiving signals from the crystal at a first clock driver on the first integrated circuit; receiving signals from the crystal at a second clock driver on the second integrated circuit; combining output signals from first and second clock drivers with an averaging element to provide a clock signal output to an off-chip junction; and providing the matched clock signals from the junction to the first and second integrated circuits with a first pair of matched signal paths, wherein the two or more data streams were simultaneously transmitted by a multiple-output transmitting station with two or more antennas. ### Claim 15 A system comprising: two or more substantially onmidirectional antennas; and a multichip receiver comprising: first receiver circuitry on a first integrated circuit to process first radio-frequency (RF) signals received from a first of the antennas; second receiver circuitry on a second integrated circuit to process second RF signals received from a second of the antennas; clock-signal generating circuitry to provide phase-matched clock signals to the first and second receiver circuitry; and baseband processing circuitry to combine signals from the first and second receiver circuitry to generate two or more data streams, the two or more data streams having been simultaneously transmitted by a multiple-output transmitting station with two or more antennas, wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry is to generate the clock signals from an off-chip crystal, wherein the first and second receiver circuitry generate phase-matched local-oscillator frequencies from the matched clock signals for use in processing the received RE signals, and wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry comprises: a clock driver on either the first or the second integrated circuit to receive signals from the crystal; a signal path to provide an output from the clock driver to an off-chip junction; and matched signal paths to provide the clock signals from the junction to the first and second integrated circuits. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The system of claim 15 wherein the receiver further comprises baseband processing circuitry to combine signals from the first and second receiver circuitry to generate two or more data streams, the two or more data streams having been simultaneously transmitted by a multiple-output transmitting station with two or more antennas. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The system of claim 16 wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry is to generate the clock signals from the off-chip crystal, wherein the first and second receiver circuitry generate phase-matched local-oscillator frequencies from the matched clock signals for use in processing the received RE signals, and wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry comprises: the clock driver to receive signals from the crystal; and the matched signal paths to provide the clock signals from the clock driver to the first and second integrated circuits. ### Claim 18 A system comprising: two or more substantially onmidirectional antennas; and a multichip receiver comprising: first receiver circuitry on a first integrated circuit to process first radio-frequency (RF) signals received from a first of the antennas; second receiver circuitry on a second integrated circuit to process second RE signals received from a second of the antennas; clock-signal generating circuitry to provide phase-matched clock signals to the first and second receiver circuitry; and baseband processing circuitry to combine signals from the first and second receiver circuitry to generate two or more data streams, the two or more data streams having been simultaneously transmitted by a multiple-output transmitting station with two or more antennas, wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry is to generate the clock signals from an off-chip crystal, wherein the first and second receiver circuitry generate phase-matched local-oscillator frequencies from the matched clock signals for use in processing the received RE signals, and wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry comprises: a first clock driver on the first integrated circuit to receive signals from the crystal; a second clock driver on the second integrated circuit to receive signals from the crystal; an averaging element to combine output signals from first and second clock drivers and provide a clock signal output to an off-chip junction; and a first pair of matched signal paths to provide the clock signals from the junction to the first and second integrated circuits. ### Claim 19 A computer readable medium that provides instructions, which when executed by one or more processors cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising: processing first radio-frequency (RF) signals on a first integrated circuit received from a first signal source to generate a first baseband signal; processing second RF signals on a second integrated circuit received from a second signal source to generate a second baseband signal; providing phase-matched clock signals to the first and second integrated circuits for use in processing the RF signals; combining the baseband signals to generate two or more data streams; generating the matched clock signals from an off-chip crystal; and generating local-oscillator frequencies from the matched clock signals for use in processing the received RF signals, wherein generating the matched clock signals comprises: receiving signals from the crystal with a clock driver on either the first or the second integrated circuit; providing an output from the clock driver to an off-chip junction through a signal path; and providing the clock signals from the junction to the first and second integrated circuits through matched signal paths, wherein the two or more data streams were simultaneously transmitted by a multiple-output transmitting station with two or more antennas ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The computer readable medium of claim 19 wherein the instructions, when further executed cause the one or more processors to perform operations further comprising combining the baseband signals to generate two or more data streams, wherein the two or more data streams were simultaneously transmitted by a multiple-output transmitting station with two or more antennas. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The computer readable medium of claim 20 wherein the instructions, when further executed cause the one or more processors to perform operations further comprising: generating the matched clock signals from the off-chip crystal; and generating local-oscillator frequencies from the matched clock signals for use in processing the received RF signals, wherein generating the matched clock signals comprises: amplifying signals from the crystal with the clock driver; and providing signals from the clock driver to the first and second integrated circuits through the matched signal paths. ### Claim 22 A computer readable medium that provides instructions, which when executed by one or more processors cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising: processing first radio-frequency (RF) signals on a first integrated circuit received from a first signal source to generate a first baseband signal; processing second RF signals on a second integrated circuit received from a second signal source to generate a second baseband signal; providing phase-matched clock signals to the first and second integrated circuits for use in processing the RE signals; combining the baseband signals to generate two or more data streams; generating the matched clock signals from an off-chip crystal; and generating local-oscillator frequencies from the matched clock signals for use in processing the received RF signals, wherein generating the matched clock signals comprises: receiving signals from the crystal at a first clock driver on the first integrated circuit; receiving signals from the crystal at a second clock driver on the second integrated circuit; combining output signals from first and second clock drivers with an averaging element to provide a clock signal output to an off-chip junction; and providing the matched clock signals from the junction to the first and second integrated circuits with a first pair of matched signal paths, wherein the two or more data streams were simultaneously transmitted by a multiple-output transmilling station with two or more antennas. ### Claim 23 A system comprising: two or more substantially omnidirectional antennas; and a multichip transmitter comprising: first transmitter circuitry on a first integrated circuit to generate first radio-frequency (RF) signals for transmission by a first of the antennas; second transmitter circuitry on a second integrated circuit to generate second RF signals for transmission by a second of the antennas; and clock-signal generating circuitry to provide phase-matched clock signals to the first and second transmitter circuitry for use in generating the first and second RF signals by averaging clock output signals from the first and second integrated circuits, wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry is to generate the clock signals from an off-chip crystal, wherein the first and second transmitter circuitry generate phase-matched local-oscillator frequencies from the matched clock signals for use in generating the first and second RF signals for transmission, and wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry comprises: a clock driver to receive signals from the crystal; and matched signal paths to provide the clock signals from the clock driver to the first and second integrated circuits, and wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry is to generate the clock signals from an off-chip crystal, wherein the first and second transmitter circuitry generate phase-matched local-oscillator frequencies from the matched clock signals for use in generating the first and second RF signals for transmission, and wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry comprises: a clock driver on either the first or the second integrated circuit to receive signals from the crystal; a signal path to provide an output from the clock driver to an off-chip junction; and matched signal paths to provide the clock signals from the junction to the first and second integrated circuits. ### Claim 24 A multichip transmitter comprising: first transmitter circuitry on a first integrated circuit to generate first radio-frequency (RF) signals for transmission by a first of a plurality of antennas; second transmitter circuitry on a second integrated circuit to generate second RF signals for transmission by a second of the antennas; and clock-signal generating circuitry to provide phase-matched clock signals to the first and second transmitter circuitry for use in generating the first and second RE signals, wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry is to generate the clock signals from an off-chip crystal, wherein the first and second transmitter circuitry generate phase-matched local-oscillator frequencies from the matched clock signals for use in generating the first and second RF signals for transmission, and wherein the clock-signal generating circuitry comprises: a clock driver on either the first or the second integrated circuit to receive signals from the crystal; a signal path to provide an output from the clock driver to an off-chip junction; and matched signal paths to provide the clock signals from the junction to the first and second integrated circuits.