# US 7,609,604 B2 · Recording medium with intermittent or alternate wobbled pits and apparatus and methods for forming, recording, and reproducing the recording medium > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 7,609,604 B2 - Document ID: US7609604B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 10/762,538 - Filed: 2004-01-23 - Published: 2004-08-26 - Granted: 2009-10-27 - Earliest claimed: 2003-01-23 - Assignees: LG Electronics Inc. - Inventors: Sang Woon Suh; Jin Yong Kim - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7609604B2 ## CPC - G11B 19/122: {involving the detection of an identification or authentication mark (record carriers indicating unauthorised or prior use G11B23/28)} - G11B 7/0053: {Reproducing non-user data, e.g. wobbled address, prepits, BCA} - G11B 7/00736: {Auxiliary data, e.g. lead-in, lead-out, Power Calibration Area [PCA], Burst Cutting Area [BCA], control information (sector headers or adresses in prepits G11B7/00745; address data in track wobble G11B7/24082)} - G11B 7/24082: Meandering - G11B 20/00086: {Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy (indicating unauthorised use of record carriers in general G11B23/28; scrambling for television signal recording H04N5/913; network architectures or network protocols for network security H04L63/00; cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00)} - G11B 20/00115: {wherein the record carrier stores a unique medium identifier} - G11B 20/00268: {said barcode being recorded in a burst cutting area [BCA]} - G11B 20/00304: {the key being stored in the lead-in area [LIA]} - G11B 20/00492: {wherein content or user data is encrypted} - G11B 20/00601: {wherein properties of tracks are altered, e.g., by changing the wobble pattern or the track pitch, or by adding interruptions or eccentricity} - G11B 20/10: Digital recording or reproducing - G11B 20/1217: {on discs} - G11B 20/1426: {conversion to or from block codes or representations thereof} - G11B 27/19: by using information detectable on the record carrier - G11B 27/24: by sensing features on the record carrier other than the transducing track {; sensing signals or marks recorded by another method than the main recording} - G11B 2020/122: {Burst cutting area [BCA]} - G11B 2020/1238: {track, i.e. the entire a spirally or concentrically arranged path on which the recording marks are located} - G11B 2020/1239: {the track being a pregroove, e.g. the wobbled track of a recordable optical disc} - G11B 2020/1279: {Permanent information and control data stored in the PIC zone of a Blu-Ray disc} - G11B 2220/20: Disc-shaped record carriers - G11B 2220/213: Read-only discs - G11B 2220/216: Rewritable discs - G11B 2220/218: Write-once discs - G11B 2220/2541: Blu-ray discs; Blue laser DVR discs - G11B: INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER (recording measured values in a way that does not require playback through a transducer G01D9/00; recording or playback apparatus using mechanically marked tape, e.g. punched paper tape, or using unit records, e.g. punched or magnetically marked cards G06K; transferring data from one type of record carrier to another G06K1/18; circuits for coupling output of reproducer to radio receiver H04B1/20; gramophone pick-ups or like acoustic electromechanical transducers or circuits therefor H04R) ## Abstract A recording medium, such as a high-density and/or read-only recording medium, such as BD-ROM, which contains a control information, such as copy protection information, encoded in intermittent or alternate wobbled pits, and to methods and apparatuses for forming, recording, and reproducing data on the recording medium. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A recording medium including recorded data, comprising: a control data area including pits formed along tracks, with data recorded therein, wherein pits in some portions of the tracks are formed as wobbled pits, pits in other portions of the tracks of the control data area are formed as straight pits, and the wobbled pits are formed intermittently and alternately with the straight pits within the control data area, wherein control information is encoded along the wobbled pits in such a way that data bit “0” and “1” comprising the control information are represented by a transition within a predetermined period of the wobbled pits and each data bit is distinguished from each other by the transition direction within the predetermined period, and wherein the control data area includes a plurality of data units, and the wobbled pits are formed in at least one data unit preceded by the straight pits or followed by the straight pits. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the control information includes protection information used for controlling at least one of reproduction and recording of main data. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The recording medium according to claim 2, wherein the protection information is repeatedly encoded in plural arrays of the wobbled pits. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the control information in the control data area is recorded along the wobbled pits while being encoded by bi-phased modulation. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the control data area comprises arrays of the wobbled pits and arrays of the strait pits periodically. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The recording medium according to claim 1, wherein arrays of the wobbled pits and arrays of the straight pits in the control data area are of different length. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The recording medium according to claim 1, further comprising: a main data area including main data recorded with modulation in straight pits formed along tracks. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the wobbled pits are formed in more than two data units different from a first data unit. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The recording medium according to claim 8, wherein the plurality of data units comprise one address unit, and the wobbled pits are formed in more than two data units different from the first data unit within the address unit. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The recording medium according to claim 9, wherein the wobbled pits are formed in a plurality of address units. ### Claim 11 A method of forming a recording medium, comprising: forming pits in a control data area along tracks, with data recorded therein, wherein pits in some portions of the tracks are formed as wobbled pits, pits in other portions of the tracks of the control data area are formed as straight pits, and the wobbled pits are formed intermittently and alternately with the straight pits within the control data area, wherein the step of forming pits includes encoding control information along the wobbled pits in such a way that data bit “0” and “1” comprising the control information are represented by a transition within a predetermined period of the wobbled pits and each data bit is distinguished from each other by the transition direction within the predetermined period, and wherein the control data area includes a plurality of data units, and the step of forming pits includes forming the wobbled pit in at least one data unit preceded by the straight pits or followed by the straight pits. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method according to claim 11, wherein the control information includes protection information used for controlling at least one of reproduction and recording of main data. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method according to claim 12, wherein the step of encoding control information repeatedly encodes the same protection information in plural arrays of the wobbled pits. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The method according to claim 11, wherein the step of encoding control information encodes the wobbled pits by bi-phased modulation. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The method according to claim 11, wherein the control data area comprises arrays of the wobbled pits arid arrays of the strait pits periodically. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The method according to claim 11, wherein the step of forming pits forms arrays of the wobbled pits and arrays of the straight pits having different lengths respectively in the control data area. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The method according to claim 11, wherein the step of forming pits forms the wobbled pits in more than two data units different from a first data unit. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method according to claim 17, wherein the step of forming pits includes comprising the plurality of data units into one address unit, and wherein the wobbled pits are formed in more than two data units different from the first data unit within the address unit. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The method according to claim 18, wherein the wobbled pits are formed in a plurality of address units. ### Claim 20 A method of reproducing data from are recording medium, comprising: detecting data recorded in pits formed along tracks in a control data area, wherein pits in some portions of the tracks are formed as wobbled pits, pits in other portions of the tracks of the control data area are formed as straight pits, and the wobbled pits are formed intermittently and alternately with the straight pits within the control data area, wherein the step of detecting data includes detecting control information encoded along the wobbled pits, data bit “0” and “1” comprising the control information are represented by a transition within a predetermined period of the wobbled pits and each data bit is distinguished from each other by the transition direction within the predetermined period, and wherein the control data area includes a plurality of data units, and the step of detecting control information includes detecting the wobbled pits from at least one data unit preceded by the straight pits or followed by the straight pits; and utilizing the control information to reproduce main data recorded with modulation in straight pits formed along tracks of a main data area of the recording medium. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The method according to claim 20, wherein the step of detecting data comprises: converting signals reflected from the wobbled pits into electrical signals; and extracting the control information by applying the electrical signals to a logic circuit. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The method according to claim 21, further comprising: reproducing the main data using the control information, and outputting the reproduced main data. ### Claim 23 (depends on 20) The method according to claim 20, wherein the step of detecting control information detects the control information recorded in pits from a difference signal between a right and a left electric signals, generated by a beam reflected from the pits formed along the tracks. ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) The method according to claim 23, wherein the step of detecting data further detects the main data from a high-frequency electric signal generated by a beam reflected from the straight pits. ### Claim 25 (depends on 20) The method according to claim 20, wherein the control information includes protection information for controlling at least one of reproduction and recording of main data, and wherein the step of detecting control information detects the protection information. ### Claim 26 (depends on 20) The method according to claim 20, wherein the step of detecting control information detects the control information recorded in the wobbled pits by bi-phased modulation, in the control data area. ### Claim 27 (depends on 20) The method according to claim 20, wherein the step of detecting pits detects arrays of the wobbled pits and arrays of the straight pits having different lengths respectively in the control data area. ### Claim 28 (depends on 20) The method according to claim 20, wherein the step of detecting control information includes detecting the wobbled pits formed in more than two data units different from a first data unit. ### Claim 29 (depends on 28) The method according to claim 28, wherein the plurality of data units comprise one address unit, and wherein the step of detecting control information includes detecting the wobbled pits formed in more than two data units different from the first data unit within the address unit. ### Claim 30 (depends on 29) The method according to claim 29, wherein the wobbled pits are formed in a plurality of address units, and wherein the step of detecting control information includes detecting the wobbled pits formed in the plurality of address units. ### Claim 31 An apparatus for reproducing data from a recording medium, said apparatus comprising: a detection unit configured to detect data recorded in pits formed along tracks in a control data area, with data recorded therein, wherein pits in some portions of the tracks are formed as wobbled pits, pits in other portions of the tracks of the control data area are formed as straight pits, and the wobbled pits are recorded intermittently and alternately with the straight pits, wherein control information is encoded along the wobbled pits in such a way that data bit “0” and “1” comprising the control information are represented by a transition within a predetermined period of the wobble pits and each data bit is distinguished from each other by the transition direction within the predetermined period, wherein the control data area includes a plurality of data units, and the wobbled pits are formed in at least one data unit preceded by the straight pits or followed by the straight pits, and wherein the detection unit converts signals reflected from the pits into electric signals; and a signal processor, coupled to the detection unit, configured to process the electric signals to generate the control information and to process main data recorded with modulation in straight pits formed along tracks of a main data area of the recording medium. ### Claim 32 (depends on 31) The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the signal processor is configured to generate the control information from low-frequency components and generate the main data from high-frequency components. ### Claim 33 (depends on 31) The apparatus according to claim 31, further comprising: a controller, coupled to said detection unit and said signal processor, configured to control the detection of the control information and the processing of the main data, wherein the controller is configured to control said signal processor to output the main data based on the control information. ### Claim 34 (depends on 33) The apparatus according to claim 33, wherein the controller is configured to control said detection unit to detect the control information by a push-pull method. ### Claim 35 (depends on 33) The apparatus according to claim 33, wherein the control information includes protection information used for controlling at least one of reproduction and recording of the main data, and wherein the controller is configured to control the reproduction of the main data in response to the protection information. ### Claim 36 (depends on 31) The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the detection unit is configured to detect the wobbled pits formed in more than two data units different from a first data unit. ### Claim 37 (depends on 36) The apparatus according to claim 36, wherein the plurality of data units comprise one address unit, and wherein the detection unit is configured to detect the wobbled pits formed in more than two data units different from the first data unit within the address unit. ### Claim 38 (depends on 37) The apparatus according to claim 37, wherein the wobbled pits are formed in a plurality of address units, and wherein the detection unit is configured to detect the wobbled pits formed in the plurality of address units.