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US 7,581,403 B2Granted
Energy storage arrangement
OwnerDaniel H. Deeksinventor
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
Energy is stored in the compression of a metastable degenerate Fermi electron gas contained in a compressed metallic base material subjected to a magnetic field in a high pressure cell. Heat energy is introduced to increase the energy of the compressed metastable degenerate Fermi electron gas. The increase in energy causes the magnetic field to increase so that the metastable degenerate Fermi electron gas is further compressed. Absorption of heat results in a decrease in the temperature. Energy can be withdrawn from The system by allowing the metastable degenerate Fermi electron gas to expand against the compressing magnetic field. To prevent development of fissures, the metallic base material is precompressed to provide an allowance for the volume of a metastable Fermi electron gas bubble to be created later.
Claims29
A system for energy storage in a metastable energy storage unit, said system comprising:
- a metallic base material that is metallic at an operating pressure of a system and including a metastable bubble therein;
- a metastable degenerate Fermi electron gas located in said metallic base material, obeying Fermi statistics, and subjected to a magnetic field, wherein energy is stored by compression of said metastable degenerate Fermi electron gas that is subjected to said magnetic field;
- a high pressure containment vessel containing said metallic base material and said metastable bubble;
- a cryogenic cooling system for cryogenically cooling said metallic base material in said high pressure containment vessel;
- a magnetic system for applying a magnetic field to said metallic base material in said high pressure containment vessel, wherein said metallic base material subjected to a negative pressure exerted by said magnetic field, wherein ∂S/∂V<0, and wherein S is entropy of said metallic base material and V is volume of said metallic base material;
- and
- a decay detector unit including at least one of a laser sensor and a black body radiation sensor, wherein said decay detector unit detects whether said metastable bubble is present or not present in said metallic base material by monitoring a cryogenic operating temperature of said system, wherein said laser sensor detects a reflected laser beam from said metastable bubble, and wherein said black body radiation sensor monitors said cryogenic operating temperature of said metallic base material or said metastable bubble via emitted black body radiation from said metastable bubble.
4 more elements
A method for energy storage in a metastable energy storage unit comprising:
- subjecting a metallic base material to a high pressure in a high pressure containment vessel;
- precompressing said metallic base material prior to cryogenic cooling of said metallic base material;
- cryogenically cooling said metallic base material in said high pressure containment vessel;
- forming a metastable bubble in said metallic base material, wherein a degenerate electron gas that obeys Fermi statistics is formed within said metallic base material;
- applying a magnetic field to said metallic base material in said high pressure containment vessel to produce a compression of the metastable degenerate Fermi electron gas in the metallic base material, wherein said metallic base material is subjected to a negative pressure exerted by said magnetic field, wherein ∂S/∂V<0, and wherein S is entropy of said metallic base material and V is volume of said metallic base material;
- and
- detecting whether said metastable bubble is present or not in said metallic base material by employing a decay detector unit including at least one of a laser sensor and a black body radiation sensor, wherein said decay detector unit detects whether said metastable bubble is present or not present in said metallic base material by monitoring a cryogenic operating temperature of said system, wherein said laser sensor detects a reflected laser beam from said metastable bubble, and wherein said black body radiation sensor monitors said cryogenic operating temperature of said metallic base material or said metastable bubble via emitted black body radiation from said metastable bubble.
4 more elements
A system for energy storage in a metastable energy storage unit, said system comprising:
- a metallic base material that is metallic at an operating pressure of a system and including a metastable bubble therein;
- a metastable degenerate Fermi electron gas located in said metallic base material, obeying Fermi statistics, and subjected to a magnetic field, wherein energy is stored by compression of said metastable degenerate Fermi electron gas that is subjected to said magnetic field, wherein said metallic base material is subjected to a negative pressure exerted by said magnetic field, wherein ∂S/∂V<0, and wherein S is entropy of said metallic base material and V is volume of said metallic base material;
- a high pressure containment vessel containing said metallic base material and said metastable bubble;
- a cryogenic cooling system for cryogenically cooling said metallic base material in said high pressure containment vessel;
- a magnetic system for applying a magnetic field to said metallic base material in said high pressure containment vessel;
- and
- a decay detector unit configured to detect presence or absence of said metastable bubble and including a laser, wherein said laser emits a low intensity laser beam that illuminates, and is reflected from, said metallic base material, and wherein said decay detector unit detects a difference in a reflected light from said metallic base material at a cryogenic temperature depending on whether said metastable bubble is present or not present.
4 more elements
A method for energy storage in a metastable energy storage unit comprising:
- subjecting a metallic base material to a high pressure in a high pressure containment vessel;
- precompressing said metallic base material prior to cryogenic cooling of said metallic base material;
- cryogenically cooling said metallic base material in said high pressure containment vessel;
- subjecting said metallic base material to a negative pressure exerted by a magnetic field, wherein ∂S/∂V<0, and wherein S is entropy of said metallic base material and V is volume of said metallic base material;
- forming a metastable bubble in said metallic base material, wherein a degenerate electron gas that obeys Fermi statistics is formed within said metallic base material;
- applying a magnetic field to said metallic base material in said high pressure containment vessel to produce a compression of the metastable degenerate Fermi electron gas in the metallic base material;
- and
- detecting whether said metastable bubble is present or not in said metallic base material by employing a decay detector unit including a laser sensor, wherein a laser emits a low intensity laser beam that illuminates, and is reflected from, said metallic base material, and wherein said decay detector unit detects a difference in a reflected light from said metallic base material at a cryogenic temperature depending on whether said metastable bubble is present or not present.
5 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.