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US 7,578,207 B2Granted
Measuring apparatus and measuring method for concrete-forming materials
AssigneeObayashi Corporation
InventorsShigeyuki Sogo, Ryuichi Chikamatsu, Koji Watanabe, Hisayoshi Kikkawa
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A measuring apparatus of submergence aggregate according to the present invention comprising a stock bin for storing fine aggregate, a fine aggregate feed hopper placed under the stock bin, a vibrating feeder placed under a discharge opening of the fine aggregate feed hopper, a screen device placed in the vicinity of an exit of the vibrating feeder, a measurement tank placed under the screen device, an electrode-type displacement sensor as means for measuring a water level placed above the measurement tank, and load cells as mass measuring means for measuring a mass of the measurement tank.
Claims60
A measuring method of concrete materials, comprising the steps of:
- throwing water and aggregate into a measurement tank having an opening for overflow formed thereon so that the aggregate is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate and so that the water overflows from the opening for overflow;
- measuring total mass Mf of the submergence aggregate;
- and
- calculating mass Ma of the aggregate in a saturated surface-dried condition and mass Mw of the water from the fact that an internal volume at overflow from said measurement tank is equal to total volume Vf of the submergence aggregate by solving the following two formulas:
- Ma+Mw=Mf (1)
- Ma/ρa+Mw/ρw=Vf (2)
- where ρa is a density of the aggregate in the saturated surface-dried condition and ρw is a density of the water.
4 more elements
A measuring method of concrete materials, comprising the steps of:
- measuring mass Maw of aggregate;
- throwing aggregate and water into a submergence aggregate container having an opening for overflow formed thereon so that the aggregate is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate and so that the water overflows from the opening for overflow;
- measuring mass MI of the supplied water and mass MO of the overflow water as accumulation values;
- calculating mass Ma of the aggregate in a saturated surface-dried condition and mass Mw of the water in the submergence aggregate from the fact that an internal volume at overflow from said submergence aggregate container is equal to total volume Vf of the submergence aggregate by solving the following two formulas:
- Ma+Mw=Maw+(MI−MO) (5)
- Ma/ρa+Mw/ρw=Vf (2)
- where ρa is a density of the aggregate in the saturated surface-dried condition and ρw is a density of the water;
- and
- calculating a percentage of surface moisture of the aggregate by solving the following formula:
- (Maw−Ma)/Ma (3).
7 more elements
A measuring method of concrete materials, comprising the steps of:
- throwing aggregate of a first kind and water into a predetermined measurement tank so that the aggregate is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate;
- measuring total mass Mf1 of the submergence aggregate;
- calculating mass Ma1 of the aggregate of the first kind in a saturated surface-dried condition by solving the following two formulas:
- Ma1+Mw=Mf1 (7)
- Ma/ρa1+Mw/ρw=Vf1 (8)
- where Vf1 is a total volume of the submergence aggregate, ρa1 is a density of the aggregate of the first kind in the saturated surface-dried condition, and ρw is a density of the water;
- throwing aggregate of a second kind and required water into said measurement tank so that the aggregate of the second kind is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate;
- measuring total mass Mf2 of the submergence aggregate;
- calculating mass Ma2 of the aggregate of the second kind in a saturated surface-dried condition by solving the following two formulas:
- Ma1+Ma2+Mw=Mf2 (9)
- Ma1/ρa1+Ma2/ρa2+Mw/ρw=Vf2 (10)
- where Vf2 is a total volume of the submergence aggregate and ρa2 is a density of the aggregate of the second kind in the saturated surface-dried condition;
- hereinafter, repeating the above procedure for sequential calculation up to mass Ma(N −1) of aggregate of an (N−1)th kind in a saturated surface-dried condition;
- finally throwing aggregate of an Nth kind and required water into said measurement tank so that the aggregate of the Nth kind is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate;
- measuring total mass MfN of the submergence aggregate;
- and
- calculating mass MaN of aggregate of the Nth kind in a saturated surface-dried condition and mass Mw of the water by solving the following two formulas:
- ΣMai(i=1 to (N−1))+MaN+Mw=MfN (11)
- ΣMai/ρai(i=1 to (N−1))+MaN/ρaN+Mw/ρw=VfN (12)
- where VfN is a total volume of the submergence aggregate and ρaN is a density of the aggregate of the Nth kind in the saturated surface-dried condition.
17 more elements
A measuring method of concrete materials, comprising the steps of:
- measuring mass Mawi of aggregate of an i-th kind (i=1 to N) in wet condition;
- throwing water and aggregate of a first kind into a predetermined submergence aggregate container so that the first aggregate is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate and so that a total volume of the submergence aggregate is maintained at a steady value Vf;
- measuring mass MI of water supplied to said submergence aggregate container and mass MO of water discharged from said submergence aggregate container as accumulation values;
- calculating mass Ma1 of the aggregate of the first kind in a saturated surface-dried condition by solving the following two formulas:
- Ma1+Mw=Maw1+(MI−MO) (16)
- Ma1/ρa1+Mw/ρw=Vf (17)
- where ρa1 is a density of the aggregate of the first kind in the saturated surface-dried condition and ρw is a density of the water;
- calculating a percentage of surface moisture of the aggregate of the first kind by solving the following formula:
- (Maw1−Ma1)/Ma1 (18)
- throwing aggregate of a second kind and required water into said submergence aggregate container so that the aggregate of the second kind is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate and so that the total volume of the submergence aggregate is maintained at the steady value Vf;
- measuring mass MI of the supplied water and mass MO of the discharged water as accumulation values;
- calculating mass Ma2 of the aggregate of the second kind in a saturated surface-dried condition by solving the following two formulas:
- Ma1+Ma2+Mw=Maw1+Maw2+(MI−MO) (19)
- Ma1/ρa1+Ma2/ρa2+Mw/ρw=Vf (20)
- where ρa2 is a density of the aggregate of the second kind in the saturated surface-dried condition;
- calculating a percentage of surface moisture of the aggregate of the second kind by solving the following formula:
- (Maw2−Ma2)/Ma2 (21)
- hereinafter, repeating the above procedure for sequential calculation up to mass Ma(N-1) of aggregate of an (N−1)th kind in a saturated surface-dried condition;
- finally throwing aggregate of an Nth kind and required water into said submergence aggregate container so that the aggregate of the Nth kind is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate and so that the total volume of the submergence aggregate is maintained at the steady value Vf;
- measuring mass MI of the supplied water and mass MO of the discharged water as accumulation values;
- calculating mass MaN of the aggregate of the Nth kind in a saturated surface-dried condition and mass Mw of the water by solving the following two formulas:
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- where ρaN is a density of the aggregate of the Nth kind in the saturated surface-dried condition;
- and
- calculating a percentage of surface moisture of the aggregate of the Nth kind by solving the following formula:
- (MawN−MaN)/MaN (24).
131 more elements
A measuring method of concrete materials, comprising the steps of:
- calculating a mean-density ρave of whole aggregate from a mass ratio of aggregate of an i-th kind (i=1 to N) and density ρai (i=1 to N) of the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) in a saturated surface-dried condition;
- throwing the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) and water into a predetermined measurement tank so that the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate;
- measuring total mass Mf of the submergence aggregate;
- and
- calculating summation ΣMai (i=1 to N), that is, total mass of the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) in the saturated surface-dried condition and mass Mw of the water by solving the following two formulas:
- ΣMai(i=1 to N)+Mw=Mf (25)
- ΣMai(i=1 to N)/ρave+Mw/ρw=Vf (26)
- where Vf is a total volume of the submergence aggregate and ρw is a density of the water.
5 more elements
A measuring method of concrete materials comprising the steps of:
- measuring summation ΣMawi (i=1 to N), that is, total mass of the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) in wet condition;
- calculating a mean-density ρave of whole aggregate from a mass ratio of the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) and density ρai (i=1 to N) of the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) in the saturated surface-dried condition;
- throwing the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) and water into a predetermined submergence aggregate container so that the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate and so that a total volume of the submergence aggregate is maintained at a steady value Vf;
- measuring mass MI of water supplied to said submergence aggregate container and mass MO of water discharged from said submergence aggregate container as accumulation values;
- calculating summation ΣMai (i=1 to N), that is, total mass of the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) in the saturated surface-dried condition and mass Mw of the water in said submergence aggregate by solving the following two formulas:
- ΣMai(i=1 to N)+Mw=ΣMawi(i=1 to N)+(MI−MO) (29)
- ΣMai(i=1 to N)/ρave+Mw/ρw=Vf (30)
- where ρw is a density of the water;
- and
- calculating an average percentage of surface moisture of the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) by solving the following formula:
- (ΣMawi(i=1 to N)−ΣMai(i=1 to N))/ΣMai(i=1 to N) (31).
8 more elements
A measuring method of concrete materials, comprising the steps of:
- throwing aggregate and water into a predetermined measurement tank so that the aggregate is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate;
- measuring total mass Mf of the submergence aggregate;
- and
- calculating mass Ma of the aggregate in a saturated surface-dried condition and mass Mw of the water by solving the following two formulas:
- Ma+Mw=Mf (1)
- Ma/ρa+Mw/ρw=Vf (2)
- where Vf is a total volume of the submergence aggregate, ρa is a density of the aggregate in the saturated surface-dried condition, and ρw is a density of the water,
- wherein the aggregate is thrown into the measurement tank at a predetermined speed and continuously or intermittently while measuring the total mass Mf of the submergence aggregate in real time or at predetermined time intervals and throwing the aggregate is terminated when the mass Ma of the aggregate in the saturated surface-dried condition reaches a scheduled input.
5 more elements
A measuring method of concrete materials, comprising the steps of:
- throwing aggregate of a first kind and water into a predetermined measurement tank so that the aggregate is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate;
- measuring total mass Mf1 of the submergence aggregate;
- calculating mass Ma1 of the aggregate of the first kind in a saturated surface-dried condition by solving the following two formulas:
- Ma1+Mw=Mf (7)
- Ma1/ρa1+Mw/ρw=Vf1 (8)
- where Vf1 is a total volume of the submergence aggregate, ρa1 is a density of the aggregate of the first kind in the saturated surface-dried condition, and ρw is a density of the water;
- throwing aggregate of a second kind and required water into said measurement tank so that the aggregate of the second kind is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate;
- measuring total mass Mf2 of the submergence aggregate;
- calculating mass Ma2 of the aggregate of the second kind in a saturated surface-dried condition by solving the following two formulas:
- Ma1+Ma2+Mw=Mf2 (9)
- Ma1/ρa1+Ma2/ρa2+Mw/ρw=Vf2 (10)
- where Vf2 is a total volume of the submergence aggregate and ρa2 is a density of the aggregate of the second kind in the saturated surface-dried condition;
- hereinafter, repeating the above procedure for sequential calculation up to mass Ma(N-1) of aggregate of an (N−1)th kind in a saturated surface-dried condition;
- finally throwing aggregate of an Nth kind and required water into said measurement tank so that the aggregate of the Nth kind is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate;
- measuring total mass MfN of the submergence aggregate;
- and
- calculating mass MaN of the aggregate of the Nth kind in a saturated surface-dried condition and mass Mw of the water by solving the following two formulas:
- ΣMai(i=1 to (N−1))+MaN+Mw=MfN (11)
- ΣMai/ρai(i=1 to (N−1))+MaN/ρaN+Mw/ρw=VfN (12)
- where VfN is a total volume of the submergence aggregate and ρaN is a density of the aggregate of the Nth kind in the saturated surface-dried condition,
- wherein the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) is thrown into the measurement tank at a predetermined speed and continuously or intermittently while measuring the total mass Mfi (i=1 to N) of the submergence aggregate in real time or at predetermined time intervals and throwing the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) is terminated when the mass Mai (I=1 to N) of the aggregate in the saturated surface-dried condition reaches a scheduled input.
18 more elements
A measuring method of concrete materials, comprising the steps of:
- calculating a mean-density ρave of whole aggregate from a mass ratio of aggregate of an i-th kind (i=1 to N) and density ρai (i=1 to N) of the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) in the saturated surface-dried condition;
- throwing the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) and water into a predetermined measurement tank so that the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate;
- measuring total mass Mf of the submergence aggregate;
- and
- calculating summation ΣMai (i=1 to N), that is, total mass of the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) in the saturated surface-dried condition and mass Mw of the water by solving the following two formulas:
- ΣMai(i=1 to N)+Mw=Mf (25)
- ΣMai(i=1 to N)/ρave+Mw/ρw=Vf (26)
- where Vf is a total volume of the submergence aggregate and ρw is a density of the water,
- wherein the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) is thrown into the measurement tank at a predetermined speed and continuously or intermittently while measuring the total mass Mf of the submergence aggregate in real time or at predetermined time intervals and throwing the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) is terminated when the summation ΣMai (i=1 to N) of the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) in the saturated surface-dried condition reaches a scheduled input.
6 more elements
A measuring method of concrete materials, comprising the steps of:
- setting target mass Mdi (i=1 to N) of submergence aggregate at an end of throwing aggregate of an i-th kind (i=1 to N);
- throwing aggregate of a first kind and water into a predetermined measurement tank so that the aggregate of the first kind is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate;
- measuring total mass Mf1 of the submergence aggregate;
- measuring total volume Vf1 of the submergence aggregate;
- calculating mass Ma1 of the aggregate of the first kind in a saturated surface-dried condition by substituting the total mass Mf1 and the total volume Vf1 of the submergence aggregate for the following formula:
- Ma1=ρa1(Mf1−ρwVf1)/(ρa1−ρw) (32)
- where ρa1 is a density of the aggregate of the first kind in the saturated surface-dried condition and ρw is a density of the water;
- throwing aggregate of a second kind into said measurement tank so that the aggregate of the second kind is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate;
- measuring total mass Mf2 of the submergence aggregate;
- measuring total volume Vf2 of the submergence aggregate;
- calculating mass Ma2 of the aggregate of the second kind in a saturated surface-dried condition by substituting the total mass Ma2 and the total volume Va2 of the submergence aggregate for the following formula:
- Ma2=ρa2((Mf2−Ma1)−ρw(Vf2−Ma1/ρa1))/(ρa2−ρw) (33)
- where ρa1 is a density of the aggregate of the first kind in the saturated surface-dried condition, ρa2 is a density of the aggregate of the second kind in the saturated surface-dried condition, and ρw is a density of the water;
- hereinafter, repeating the above procedure for sequential calculation up to mass Ma(N-1) of aggregate of an (N−1)th kind in a saturated surface-dried condition;
- finally throwing aggregate of an Nth kind into said measurement tank so that the aggregate of the Nth kind is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate;
- measuring total mass MfN of the submergence aggregate;
- and
- calculating mass MaN of the aggregate of the Nth kind in a saturated surface-dried condition and mass Mw of the water by substituting the total mass MfN and the total volume VfN of the submergence aggregate for the following formulas:
- MaN=ρaN((MfN−ΣMai(i=1 to (N−1)))−ρw(VfN−Σ(Mai/ρai)(i=1 to (N−1))))/(ρaN−ρw) (34)
- Mw=ρw(ρaN(VfN−Σ(Mai/ρai)(i=1 to (N−1)))−(MfN−ΣMai(i=1 to (N−1))))/(ρaN−ρw) (35)
- where ρai (i=1 to N) is a density of the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) in the saturated surface-dried condition and ρw is a density of the water;
- wherein the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) is thrown into the measurement tank at a predetermined speed and continuously or intermittently while measuring the total mass Mfi (i=1 to N) of the submergence aggregate in real time or at predetermined time intervals and throwing aggregate of a jth kind is terminated when total mass Mfj of the submergence aggregate in the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) reaches the target mass Mdj of the submergence aggregate at the end of throwing the aggregate of the jth kind during throwing the aggregate of the jth kind.
19 more elements
A measuring method of concrete materials, comprising the steps of:
- setting target mass Mdi (i=1 to N) of submergence aggregate at an end of throwing aggregate of an i-th kind (i=1 to N);
- throwing aggregate of a first kind and water into a predetermined measurement tank so that the aggregate of the first kind is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate;
- measuring total mass Mf1 of the submergence aggregate;
- calculating mass Ma1 of the aggregate of the first kind in a saturated surface-dried condition by substituting the total mass Mf1 of the submergence aggregate and total volume Vf1 of the submergence aggregate corresponding to a preset first water level for the following formula:
- Ma1=ρa1(Mf1−ρwVf1)/(ρa1−ρw) (32)
- where ρa1 is a density of the aggregate of the first kind in the saturated surface-dried condition and ρw is a density of the water;
- throwing aggregate of a second kind into said measurement tank so that the aggregate of the second kind is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate;
- measuring total mass Mf2 of the submergence aggregate;
- calculating mass Ma2 of the aggregate of the second kind in a saturated surface-dried condition by substituting the total mass Ma2 of the submergence aggregate and the total volume Va2 of the submergence aggregate corresponding to a preset second water level for the following formula:
- Ma2=ρa2((Mf2−Ma1)−ρw(Vf2−Ma1/ρa1))/(ρa2−ρw) (33)
- where ρa1 is a density of the aggregate of the first kind in the saturated surface-dried condition, ρa2 is a density of the aggregate of the second kind in the saturated surface-dried condition, and ρw is a density of the water;
- hereinafter, repeating the above procedure for sequential calculation up to mass Ma(N-1) of aggregate of an (N−1)th kind in a saturated surface-dried condition;
- finally throwing aggregate of an Nth kind into said measurement tank so that the aggregate of the Nth kind is submerged in the water as submergence aggregate;
- measuring total mass MfN of the submergence aggregate;
- and
- calculating mass MaN of the aggregate of the Nth kind in a saturated surface-dried condition and mass Mw of the water by substituting the total mass MfN of the submergence aggregate and the total volume VfN of the submergence aggregate corresponding to a preset Nth water level for the following formulas:
- MaN=ρaN((MfN−ΣMai(i=1 to (N−1)))−ρw(VfN−Σ(Mai/ρai)(i=1 to (N−1))))/(ρaN−ρw) (34)
- Mw=ρw(ρaN(VfN−Σ(Mai/ρai)(i=1 to (N−1)))−(MfN−ΣMai(i=1 to (N−1))))/(ρaN−ρw) (35)
- where ρai (i=1 to N) is a density of the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) in the saturated surface-dried condition and ρw is a density of the water;
- wherein the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) is thrown into the measurement tank at a predetermined speed and continuously or intermittently while measuring the total mass Mfi (i=1 to N) of the submergence aggregate in real time or at predetermined time intervals and throwing aggregate of a jth kind is terminated when total mass Mfj of the submergence aggregate in the aggregate of the i-th kind (i=1 to N) reaches the target mass Mdj of the submergence aggregate during throwing the aggregate of the jth kind while excess water is discharged so that the water level of the submergence aggregate does not exceed a preset jth water level and wherein, unless the water level of the submergence aggregate at that time reaches the preset jth water level, water is added so that it reaches the jth water level for re-measuring the total mass Mfj of the submergence aggregate and re-calculating the mass Maj of the aggregate of the jth kind in the saturated surface-dried condition and the mass Mw of the water.
17 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.