Article comprising a fine-grained metallic material and a polymeric material

An article comprising:

• (i) a permanent substrate comprising a polymer material with or without particulate addition, and
• (ii) a fine grained metallic layer having a grain size in the range of 2 to 5,000 nm, a thickness ranging from 30 microns to 5 cm, a modulus of resilience ranging from 0.25 to 25 MPa;
• and
• wherein a surface of said polymer substrate is coated over at least a portion thereof with the fine grained metallic layer or an intermediate conductive layer which is coated with said fine grained metallic layer and has an average surface roughness of Ra 0.25 to 25 micron over at least the portion which is coated.