Method and device for comprehensive characterization and monitoring of exhaust gas and control of engines, and components for aftertreatment of exhaust gases

A device for practicing a process for determining properties of solid particles of engine exhaust gas, wherein the process comprises detecting radiation produced in a test area by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) after irradiation with one of a laser, a laser diode, and a diode laser and determining a type and composition of the solid particles of the engine exhaust gas, the device comprising a test volume located inside an exhaust gas pipe and at least one of:

• a detector unit and a plurality of optical components structured and arranged to characterize the engine exhaust gas;
• a detector unit comprising one of optical fibers and parts of optical fibers and being structured and arranged to characterize the engine exhaust gas;
• and
• a device enclosing the engine exhaust gas and a device for one of avoiding contamination and reducing contamination.

A device for practicing a process for determining properties of liquid particles of engine exhaust gas, wherein the process comprises detecting radiation produced in a test area by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) after irradiation with one of a laser, a laser diode, and a diode laser and determining a type and composition of the liquid particles of the engine exhaust gas, the device comprising a test volume located inside an exhaust gas pipe and at least one of:

• a detector unit and a plurality of optical components structured and arranged to characterize the engine exhaust gas;
• a detector unit comprising one of optical fibers and parts of optical fibers and being structured and arranged to characterize the engine exhaust gas;
• and
• a device enclosing the engine exhaust gas and a device for one of avoiding contamination and reducing contamination.

A device for practicing a process for determining concentrations of gaseous constituents of engine exhaust gas, wherein the process comprises detecting radiation produced in a test area by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) after irradiation with one of a laser, a laser diode, and a diode laser and determining a type and concentration of individual gaseous constituents of the engine exhaust gas, the device comprising a test volume located inside a pipe or channel segment and at least one of:

• a detector unit and a plurality of optical components structured and arranged to characterize the engine exhaust gas;
• a detector unit comprising one of optical fibers and parts of optical fibers and being structured and arranged to characterize the engine exhaust gas;
• and
• a device enclosing the engine exhaust gas and a device for one of avoiding contamination and reducing contamination.

A system for determining concentrations of gaseous constituents of engine exhaust gas, the system comprising:

• a test area comprising an optical access;
• a light source emitting an optical beam towards the optical access;
• the light source comprising one of a laser, a laser diode, and a diode laser;
• an optical device disposed between the optical access and the light source;
• at least one detector unit receiving an optical beam passing through the optical device from the optical access;
• and
• an electronic processing system communicating with the at least one detector unit.

A system for determining concentrations of gaseous constituents of engine exhaust gas, the system comprising:

• a test area comprising a first optical access and a second optical access;
• a light source emitting an optical beam towards the first optical access;
• the light source comprising one of a laser, a laser diode, and a diode laser;
• an optical device disposed between the first optical access and the light source;
• at least one detector unit receiving an optical beam from the second optical access;
• and
• an electronic processing system communicating with the at least one detector unit,
• wherein the system directly measures raw exhaust gas via a test volume located inside an exhaust gas pipe.