Energy storage devices
AssigneesCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Monash University
InventorsAnthony Frank Hollenkamp, Patrick Craig Howlett, Douglas Robert MacFarlane, Stewart Alexander Forsyth, Maria Forsyth
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Abstract
Pyrrolidinium-based room temperature ionic liquids, and phosphorus and arsenic analogues, are used as electrolytes in energy storage devices including secondary lithium batteries, supercapacitors and asymmetric battery-supercapacitors. The electrolytes preferably contain lithium ions as the charge-carrying species. The electrolytes are in a liquid state at the operating temperature.
Claims40
An electrolyte for use in an energy storage device, the electrolyte comprising a room temperature ionic liquid of:
- (i) a cation of Formula I:
- in which X is N, P or As
- R1 is alkyl or a fully or partially halogenated alkyl;
- R2 is alkyl or a fully or partially halogenated alkyl;
- R3 to R6 are each independently H, alkyl, halo, fully or partially halogenated alkyl, nitrile, alkyl substituted by nitrile or heteroatom, or any other group;
- and
- (ii) an anion;
- together with
- (iii) lithium ions.
A supercapacitor comprising:
- a device case;
- terminals for electrical connection;
- a supercapacitor negative electrode;
- a supercapacitor positive electrode;
- a separator for maintaining physical separation of the negative electrode and the positive electrode;
- and
- an electrolyte comprising a cation of Formula 1:
- in which X is N, P or As
- R1 is alkyl or a fully or partially halogenated alkyl;
- R2 is alkyl or a fully or partially halogenated alkyl;
- R3 to R6 are each independently H, alkyl, halo, fully or partially halogenated alkyl, nitrile, alkyl substituted by nitrile or heteroatom, or any other group;
- and an anion;
- together with lithium ions.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.