# US 7,466,660 B2 · Method and apparatus for processing packets originating from local and neighboring basic service sets > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 7,466,660 B2 - Document ID: US7466660B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 11/234,804 - Filed: 2005-09-23 - Published: 2006-08-17 - Granted: 2008-12-16 - Earliest claimed: 2005-02-11 - Assignees: InterDigital Technology Corporation - Inventors: Diana Pani; Christopher Cave; Angelo Cuffaro - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7466660B2 ## CPC - H04W 84/12: WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks] - H04W 40/246: {Connectivity information discovery} - H04W 92/16: Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) ## Abstract A method and apparatus for efficiently processing packets from neighboring basic service sets (BSSs) to characterize the traffic within a wireless local area network (WLAN), mesh network, or similar wireless communication system is disclosed. The apparatus may be an access point (AP) in a BSS which includes a measurement period (MP) interval timer, a promiscuous measurement period (PMP) timer and a receiver filter. An interval of the MP interval timer is set while the receiver filter is enabled. During the interval, the AP only processes packets which originated from the AP's own BSS. When the MP interval timer expires, a value of the PMP timer is set to a predetermined time duration and the receiver filter is disabled. During the predetermined time duration, the AP processes all received packets irrespective of which BSS the packets originated from. The receiver filter is again enabled when the PMP timer expires. ## Claims ### Claim 1 In a wireless communication system including a plurality of basic service sets (BSSs), each BSS being capable of receiving signals from at least one neighboring BSS and including an access point (AP) and at least one wireless transmit/receiver unit (WTRU), the AP including a measurement period (MP) interval timer, a promiscuous measurement period (PMP) timer and a transceiver including a receiver filter, a method for processing data packets received by the AP, the packets originating from the AP's own BSS and the at least one neighboring BSS, the method comprising: (a) setting an interval of the MP interval timer while the receiver filter is enabled, wherein the AP is restricted to processing only packets received on a given channel which originate from the AP's own BSS; (b) when the MP interval timer expires, setting a value of the PMP timer to a predetermined time duration and disabling the receiver filter for the predetermined time duration, wherein the AP processes packets received on the given channel which originate from the AP's own BSS and the at least one neighboring BSS; and (c) enabling the receiver filter when the PMP timer expires. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein the AP further comprises a silent measurement period (SMP) timer, the method further comprising: (d) resetting the interval of the MP interval timer when the receiver filter is enabled in step (c); (e) determining whether to trigger an SMP or a PMP; (f) if a determination is made in step (e) to trigger an SMP: (f1) when the MP interval timer expires, setting a value of the SMP timer to a predetermined time period and disabling the receiver filter for the predetermined time period; (f2) the AP switching from the given channel to at least one other channel; (f3) the AP processing all packets received on the other channel; (f4) the AP switching from the other channel to the given channel when the SMP timer expires. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein the interval of the MP interval timer comprises a fixed component and a variable component. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2 wherein the result of the determination made in step (e) alternates between triggering the SMP and triggering the PMP based on a periodicity constant. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4 wherein if the periodicity constant is 2, then every other MP corresponds to an SMP. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4 wherein if the periodicity constant is 2, then every other MP corresponds to a PMP. ### Claim 7 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4 wherein the periodicity constant is set to 1 during a discovery phase of the AP such that every MP is provided as an SMP. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein the AP further comprises a packet information database, and step (b) further comprises: (b1) the AP performing measurements and collecting packet information on out-of-BSS packets received on the given channel; and (b2) storing the packet information in the packet information database. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8 wherein the stored packet information includes a received signal strength indication (RSSI) measurements of the out-of-BSS packets. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9 wherein the RSSI measurements are used to determine the proximity of neighboring APs and WTRUs. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8 wherein the stored packet information includes a number of packets received from individual nodes and packet durations. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11 wherein the number of packets and packet durations are used to estimate the medium usage from neighboring APs and WTRUs operating on the given channel. ### Claim 13 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8 wherein the packet information is collected from medium access control (MAC) header fields of the out-of-BSS packets and stored in a memory. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13 wherein the packet information collected from MAC header fields identifies the BSS or WTRU from which the out-of-BSS packets originated from and the time at which the out-of-BSS packets were received. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13 wherein the packet information collected from MAC header fields identifies the MAC address of at least one AP. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13 wherein the packet information collected from MAC header fields identifies a destination address. ### Claim 17 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2 wherein the AP ceases transmissions on the given channel when the AP switches to the at least one other channel. ### Claim 18 In a wireless communication system including a plurality of basic service sets (BSSs), each BSS being capable of receiving signals from at least one neighboring BSS and including at least one wireless transmit/receiver unit (WTRU), an access point (AP) for processing data packets received by the AP, the packets originating from the AP's own BSS and the at least one neighboring BSS, the AP comprising: (a) a processor; (b) a measurement period (MP) interval timer coupled to the processor; (c) a promiscuous measurement period (PMP) timer coupled to the processor; and (d) a transceiver coupled to the processor, the transceiver including a receiver filter, wherein the processor: (i) sets an interval of the MP interval timer while the receiver filter is enabled such that the AP is restricted to processing only packets received on a given channel which originate from the AP's own BSS; (ii) sets a value of the PMP timer to a predetermined time duration when the MP interval timer expires and disables the receiver filter for the predetermined time duration such that the AP processes packets received on the given channel which originate from the AP's own BSS and the at least one neighboring BSS; and (iii) enables the receiver filter when the PMP timer expires. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The AP of claim 18 further comprising: (e) a silent measurement period (SMP) timer, wherein the processor determines whether to trigger an SMP or a PMP, and if a determination is made to trigger an SMP, the processor: (iv) resets the interval of the MP interval timer when the receiver filter is enabled when the PMP timer expires; and (v) sets a value of the SMP timer to a predetermined time period and disabling the receiver filter for the predetermined time period when the MP interval timer expires. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The AP of claim 19 wherein the transceiver switches from the given channel to at least one other channel, and the AP processes all packets received on the other channel. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The AP of claim 20 wherein the AP determines an activity level of the other channel based on the packets received on the other channel and the transceiver switches from the other channel to the given channel when the SMP timer expires. ### Claim 22 (depends on 18) The AP of claim 18 wherein the interval of the MP interval timer comprises a fixed component and a variable component. ### Claim 23 (depends on 19) The AP of claim 19 wherein the result of the determination made by the processor alternates between triggering the SMP and triggering the PMP based on a periodicity constant. ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) The AP of claim 23 wherein if the periodicity constant is 2, then every other MP corresponds to an SMP. ### Claim 25 (depends on 23) The AP of claim 23 wherein if the periodicity constant is 2, then every other MP corresponds to a PMP. ### Claim 26 (depends on 23) The AP of claim 23 wherein the periodicity constant is set to 1 during a discovery phase of the AP such that every MP is provided as an SMP. ### Claim 27 (depends on 18) The AP of claim 18 wherein the AP further comprises: (e) a packet information database, wherein the AP performs measurements and collects packet information on out-of-BSS packets received on the given channel, and the processor stores the packet information in the packet information database. ### Claim 28 (depends on 27) The AP of claim 27 wherein the stored packet information includes a received signal strength indication (RSSI) measurements of the out-of-BSS packets. ### Claim 29 (depends on 28) The AP of claim 28 wherein the RSSI measurements are used to determine the proximity of neighboring APs and WTRUs. ### Claim 30 (depends on 27) The AP of claim 27 wherein the stored packet information includes a number of packets received from individual nodes and packet durations. ### Claim 31 (depends on 30) The AP of claim 30 wherein the number of packets and packet durations are used to estimate the medium usage from neighboring APs and WTRUs operating on the given channel. ### Claim 32 (depends on 27) The AP of claim 27 wherein the packet information is collected from medium access control (MAC) header fields of the out-of-BSS packets and stored in a memory. ### Claim 33 (depends on 32) The AP of claim 32 wherein the packet information collected from MAC header fields identifies the BSS or WTRU from which the out-of-BSS packets originated from and the time at which the out-of-BSS packets were received. ### Claim 34 (depends on 32) The AP of claim 32 wherein the packet information collected from MAC header fields identifies the MAC address of at least one AP. ### Claim 35 (depends on 32) The AP of claim 32 wherein the packet information collected from MAC header fields identifies a destination address. ### Claim 36 (depends on 20) The AP of claim 20 wherein the transceiver ceases transmissions on the given channel when the transceiver switches to the at least one other channel. ### Claim 37 In a wireless communication system including a plurality of basic service sets (BSSs), each BSS being capable of receiving signals from at least one neighboring BSS and including at least one wireless transmit/receiver unit (WTRU), an integrated circuit (IC) incorporated in an access point (AP) for processing data packets received by the AP, the packets originating from the AP's own BSS and the at least one neighboring BSS, the IC comprising: (a) a processor; (b) a measurement period (MP) interval timer coupled to the processor; (c) a promiscuous measurement period (PMP) timer coupled to the processor; and (d) a transceiver coupled to the processor, the transceiver including a receiver filter, wherein the processor: (i) sets an interval of the MP interval timer while the receiver filter is enabled such that the AP is restricted to processing only packets received on a given channel which originate from the AP's own BSS; (ii) sets a value of the PMP timer to a predetermined time duration when the MP interval timer expires and disables the receiver filter for the predetermined time duration such that the AP processes packets received on the given channel which originate from the AP's own BSS and the at least one neighboring BSS; and (iii) enables the receiver filter when the PMP timer expires. ### Claim 38 (depends on 37) The IC of claim 37 further comprising: (e) a silent measurement period (SMP) timer, wherein the processor determines whether to trigger an SMP or a PMP, and if a determination is made to trigger an SMP, the processor: (iv) resets the interval of the MP interval timer when the receiver filter is enabled when the PMP timer expires; and (v) sets a value of the SMP timer to a predetermined time period and disabling the receiver filter for the predetermined time period when the MP interval timer expires. ### Claim 39 (depends on 38) The IC of claim 38 wherein the transceiver switches from the given channel to at least one other channel, and the AP processes all packets received on the other channel. ### Claim 40 (depends on 39) The IC of claim 39 wherein the AP determines an activity level of the other channel based on the packets received on the other channel and the transceiver switches from the other channel to the given channel when the SMP timer expires. ### Claim 41 (depends on 37) The IC of claim 37 wherein the interval of the MP interval timer comprises a fixed component and a variable component. ### Claim 42 (depends on 38) The IC of claim 38 wherein the result of the determination made by the processor alternates between triggering the SMP and triggering the PMP based on a periodicity constant. ### Claim 43 (depends on 42) The IC of claim 42 wherein if the periodicity constant is 2, then every other MP corresponds to an SMP. ### Claim 44 (depends on 42) The IC of claim 42 wherein if the periodicity constant is 2, then every other MP corresponds to a PMP. ### Claim 45 (depends on 42) The IC of claim 42 wherein the periodicity constant is set to 1 during a discovery phase of the AP such that every MP is provided as an SMP. ### Claim 46 (depends on 37) The IC of claim 37 wherein the AP further comprises: (e) a packet information database, wherein the AP performs measurements and collects packet information on out-of-BSS packets received on the given channel, and the processor stores the packet information in the packet information database. ### Claim 47 (depends on 46) The IC of claim 46 wherein the stored packet information includes a received signal strength indication (RSSI) measurements of the out-of-BSS packets. ### Claim 48 (depends on 47) The IC of claim 47 wherein the RSSI measurements are used to determine the proximity of neighboring APs and WTRUs. ### Claim 49 (depends on 46) The IC of claim 46 wherein the stored packet information includes a number of packets received from individual nodes and packet durations. ### Claim 50 (depends on 49) The IC of claim 49 wherein the number of packets and packet durations are used to estimate the medium usage from neighboring APs and WTRUs operating on the given channel. ### Claim 51 (depends on 46) The IC of claim 46 wherein the packet information is collected from medium access control (MAC) header fields of the out-of-BSS packets and stored in a memory. ### Claim 52 (depends on 51) The IC of claim 51 wherein the packet information collected from MAC header fields identifies the BSS or WTRU from which the out-of-BSS packets originated from and the time at which the out-of-BSS packets were received. ### Claim 53 (depends on 51) The IC of claim 51 wherein the packet information collected from MAC header fields identifies the MAC address of at least one AP. ### Claim 54 (depends on 51) The IC of claim 51 wherein the packet information collected from MAC header fields identifies a destination address. ### Claim 55 (depends on 39) The IC of claim 39 wherein the transceiver ceases transmissions on the given channel when the transceiver switches to the at least one other channel.