# US 7,465,497 B2 · High dielectric constant nanocomposites, methods of manufacture thereof, and articles comprising the same

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- Number: US 7,465,497 B2
- Document ID: US7465497B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 11/286,096
- Filed: 2005-11-23
- Published: 2007-05-24
- Granted: 2008-12-16
- Earliest claimed: 2005-11-23
- Assignees: General Electric Company
- Inventors: Qi Tan; Patricia Chapman Irwin; Yang Cao
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7465497B2

## CPC

- C08J 5/005: {Reinforced macromolecular compounds with nanosized materials, e.g. nanoparticles, nanofibres, nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods or nanolayered materials}
- B82Y 30/00: Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
- Y10S 977/778: within specified host or matrix material, e.g. nanocomposite films
- Y10T 428/25: Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T 428/256: Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
- Y10T 428/259: Silicic material
- Y10T 428/2991: Coated
- Y10T 428/2998: including synthetic resin or polymer
- C08J: WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H (working, e.g. shaping, of plastics B29)
- B82Y: SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- Y10S: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

Disclosed herein is a composition comprising thermoplastic polymers; and nanoparticles; wherein the nanoparticles comprise a substrate upon which is disposed a coating composition; and wherein the substrate has a different dielectric constant from that of the coating composition. Disclosed herein too is a composition comprising a polymeric material; and nanoparticles; wherein the nanoparticles comprise a substrate upon which is disposed a coating composition comprising a plurality of layers; and wherein at least one layer has a dielectric constant that is different from the remaining layers. Disclosed herein too is a method comprising blending a polymeric resin with nanoparticles to form a composition; wherein the nanoparticles comprise a substrate upon which is disposed a coating composition comprising a plurality of layers; and wherein at least one layer has a dielectric constant that is different from the remaining layers.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A composition comprising:
a thermoplastic polymer, wherein the thermoplastic polymer has a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to about 100° C.; and
nanoparticles; wherein the nanoparticles comprise a substrate upon which is disposed a coating composition; wherein the substrate has a different dielectric constant from that of the coating composition; and
wherein the composition has a breakdown resistance of greater than or equal to about 200 volts/micrometer.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the coating composition comprises one or more layers.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The composition of claim 2, wherein a dielectric constant of an innermost layer is greater than a dielectric constant of an outermost layer.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein each layer has a lower dielectric constant than a dielectric constant of a preceding inner layer that is closer to the center of the nanoparticle.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the substrate has a higher dielectric constant than the dielectric constant of the coating composition.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the coating composition comprises a plurality of layers with progressively decreasing dielectric constants from an innermost layer to an outermost layer.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises metals, ceramics, borides, carbides, silicates, chalcogenides, hydroxides, metals, metal oxides, nitrides, perovskites and perovskites derivatives, phosphides, sulfides, silicides, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the coating composition comprises ceramics, borides, carbides, silicates, chalcogenides, hydroxides, metals, metal oxides, nitrides, perovskites and perovskites derivatives, phosphides, sulfides, suicides, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The composition of claim 8, wherein the metal oxides comprise zirconates, titanates, aluminates, silicates, stannates, niobates, tantalates, rare earth oxides or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing metal oxides.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The composition of claim 8, wherein the perovskites comprise calcium-copper-titanium-oxides having the formula (I):
ACu3Ti4O12 (I)
where A is calcium or cadmium.

### Claim 11 (depends on 8)

The composition of claim 8, wherein the perovskites have the formula (II):
A′2/3Cu3Ti3FeO12 (II)
where A′ is bismuth or yttrium.

### Claim 12 (depends on 8)

The composition of claim 8, wherein the perovskites are lithium and titanium co-doped nickel oxide (LTNOs) having the general formula (III):
LixTiyNi1-x-yO (III)
where x is less than or equal to about 0.3 and y is less than or equal to about 0.1.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic polymer has a glass transition temperature of greater than or equal to about 150° C.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic polymer comprises polyetherimides, polyphenylene ethers, polyethylene terephthalates, polyethylenes, polypropylenes, polyimides, polyvinylidene fluorides, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing polymers.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

An article comprising the composition of claim 1.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The article of claim 15, wherein the article is a capacitor or a component for a spark plug.

### Claim 17

A composition comprising:
a polymeric material; wherein the polymeric material has a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to about 100° C.; and
nanoparticles; wherein the nanoparticles comprise a substrate upon which is disposed a coating composition comprising a plurality of layers; wherein at least one layer has a dielectric constant that is different from the remaining layers; and
wherein the composition has a breakdown resistance of greater than or equal to about 200 volts/micrometer.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The composition of claim 17, wherein a dielectric constant of an innermost layer is greater than a dielectric constant of an outermost layer.

### Claim 19 (depends on 17)

The composition of claim 17, wherein each layer has a lower dielectric constant than a dielectric constant of a preceding inner layer that is closer to the center of the nanoparticle.

### Claim 20 (depends on 17)

The composition of claim 17, wherein the substrate has a higher dielectric constant than the dielectric constant of the coating composition.

### Claim 21 (depends on 17)

The composition of claim 17, wherein the plurality of layers have a progressively decreasing dielectric constant from an innermost layer to an outermost layer.

### Claim 22 (depends on 17)

The composition of claim 17, wherein the substrate comprises metals, ceramics, borides, carbides, silicates, chalcogenides, hydroxides, metals, metal oxides, nitrides, perovskites and perovskites derivatives, phosphides, sulfides, silicides, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

### Claim 23 (depends on 22)

The composition of claim 22, wherein the metal oxides comprise zirconates, titanates, aluminates, silicates, stannates, niobates, tantalates, rare earth oxides or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing metal oxides.

### Claim 24 (depends on 22)

The composition of claim 22, wherein the perovskites comprise calcium-copper-titanium-oxides having the formula (I):
ACu3Ti4O12 (I)
where A is calcium or cadmium.

### Claim 25 (depends on 22)

The composition of claim 22, wherein the perovskites have the formula (II):
A′2/3Cu3Ti3FeO12 (II)
where A′ is bismuth or yttrium.

### Claim 26 (depends on 22)

The composition of claim 22, wherein the perovskites are lithium and titanium co-doped nickel oxide (LTNOs) having the general formula (III):
LixTiyNi1-x-yO (III)
where x is less than or equal to about 0.3 and y is less than or equal to about 0.1.

### Claim 27 (depends on 17)

The composition of claim 17, wherein the coating composition comprises ceramics, borides, carbides, silicates, chalcogenides, hydroxides, metals, metal oxides, nitrides, perovskites and perovskites derivatives, phosphides, sulfides, silicides, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

### Claim 28 (depends on 17)

The composition of claim 17, wherein the polymeric material has a glass transition temperature of greater than or equal to about 150° C.

### Claim 29 (depends on 17)

The composition of claim 17, wherein the polymeric material comprises a thermosetting polymer.

### Claim 30 (depends on 17)

The composition of claim 17, wherein the polymeric material comprises polyetherimides, polyphenylene ethers, polyethylene terephthalates, polyimides, polyvinylidene fluorides, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing polymers.

### Claim 31 (depends on 17)

The composition of claim 17, wherein the nanoparticle comprises a passivated metal.

### Claim 32 (depends on 17)

An article comprising the composition of claim 17.

### Claim 33

A method comprising:
blending a polymeric resin with nanoparticles to form a composition;
wherein the polymeric resin has a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to about 100° C.
wherein the nanoparticles comprise a substrate upon which is disposed a coating composition comprising a plurality of layers; wherein at least one layer has a dielectric constant that is different from the remaining layers; and
wherein the composition has a breakdown resistance of greater than or equal to about 200 volts/micrometer.

### Claim 34 (depends on 33)

The method of claim 33, further comprising casting the composition.

### Claim 35 (depends on 33)

The method of claim 33, further comprising molding the composition

### Claim 36 (depends on 35)

The method of claim 35, wherein the molding comprises injection molding.

### Claim 37 (depends on 33)

An article manufactured by the method of claim 33.