# US 7,464,528 B1 · Powered ZRT sand grooming vehicle and method of grooming sand traps

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 7,464,528 B1
- Document ID: US7464528B1
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B1
- Application number: 11/473,436
- Filed: 2006-06-23
- Granted: 2008-12-16
- Earliest claimed: 2004-01-27
- Assignees: The Toro Company
- Inventors: Benjamin A. Street; David J. Scherbring
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7464528B1

## CPC

- A01B 51/026: {of the automotive vehicle type, e.g. including driver accommodation (A01B51/023 takes precedence)}
- A01B 45/00: Machines for treating meadows or lawns {, e.g. for sports grounds}
- E01C 23/082: using non-powered tools
- E01H 1/02: Brushing apparatus, {e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt}({E01H1/003, E01H1/005, E01H1/006 and} E01H1/08 - E01H1/14 take precedence; {loosening by means of gas jets or streams E01H1/0818, E01H1/0872; with brushes functioning under vacuum or combined with independent suction nozzles E01H1/0827; loosening by means of liquid streams E01H1/101; mechanical loosening instruments other than brushes E01H1/105; for railway tracks E01H8/00}; brushes in general A46B; {for floors or similar surfaces A47L11/22, A47L11/24})
- A01B: SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL (making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring A01C5/00; mowers convertible to soil working apparatus or capable of soil working A01D42/04; mowers combined with soil working implements A01D43/12; soil working for engineering purposes E01, E02, E21)
- E01C: CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR (forming roads or like surfaces by compacting or grading snow or ice E01H)
- E01H: STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING {OR PREVENTING} FOG IN GENERAL {CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS}(cleaning in general B08B)

## Abstract

A sand grooming vehicle comprises a vehicle having zero radius turn capability. The vehicle includes a front caster wheel, two independently driven rear wheels, and twin control sticks for allowing spin turning of the vehicle by driving the outboard drive wheel and stopping or reversing the inboard wheel. A trailing brush rake is towed behind the vehicle to groom the sand. The brush rake includes a center brush and two pivotal side brushes connected to opposite ends of the center brush. The pivots connecting the side brushes and the center brush are elevated above the plane of engagement of the bristles of the side brushes and the sand. Thus, during a spin turn of the vehicle, the side brush on the inside of the turn lifts to avoid pushing a ridge of sand behind that side brush. This permits the vehicle and the brush rake to groom the sand surface without leaving any ungroomed teardrops at the inside of turns and without leaving ridges of sand on the sand surface.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for grooming sand in a sand trap or bunker of a golf course, which comprises:
(a) providing a vehicle having substantially zero radius turn capability;
(b) grooming the sand in the sand trap or bunker in a first grooming swath using a trailing rake towed behind the vehicle by driving the vehicle in a first direction over the sand with the trailing rake in engagement with the sand;
(c) turning the vehicle around on the sand in the sand trap or bunker sufficiently tightly while the trailing rake engages the sand in the sand trap or bunker during the sufficiently tight turn and driving the vehicle over the sand in a second direction opposite to the first direction with the trailing rake in engagement with the sand to groom the sand in a second grooming swath that is substantially adjacent to and side by side with the first grooming swath, wherein the sufficiently tight turn has a radius that is sufficiently small to avoid leaving an ungroomed teardrop between the adjacent first and second grooming swaths at an inside corner of the sufficiently tight turn;
(d) lifting only an end of the trailing rake on the inside corner of the turn up out of engagement with the sand in the sand trap or bunker while leaving remaining portions of the trailing rake in engagement with the sand during the sufficiently tight turn of the vehicle to avoid pushing and leaving a ridge of sand behind the trailing rake on the inside corner of the turn, wherein the lifting step occurs automatically during the sufficiently tight turn of the vehicle without any action by an operator other than for the operator turning the vehicle around by manipulating a steering system on the vehicle; and
(e) repeating steps (b)-(d) in a plurality of grooming swaths in both the first and second directions, whereby ungroomed teardrops are eliminated from the sand between adjacent grooming swaths by executing a plurality of the sufficiently tight turns of the vehicle at the ends of adjacent grooming swaths but without depositing ridges of sand at the ends of adjacent grooming swaths.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the grooming step comprises brushing the sand using a brush rake towed behind the vehicle.