Nucleophilic heterocyclic carbene derivatives of Pd(acac)2 for cross-coupling reactions

A process of forming a carbon-carbon or a carbon-heteroatom bond comprising:

• providing a palladium complex represented by Formula I:
• where NHC is a nucleophilic heterocyclic carbene;
• Z is an anionic ligand;
• and A is a bidentate monoanionic ligand represented by Formula II:
• and further where each of X and Y is independently one of O, N, or S and where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 each independently represent hydrogen, methyl, linear or branched C2-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C7-C20 aralkyl, or C6-C24 aryl or substituted aryl, subject to the proviso that R1and R5 are only present when X and/or Y is N;
• n represents an integer of 0, 1, or 2;
• and Z is one of Cl, Br, I, OAc, OMs, OTf, OTs, O2CCF3, acetylacetonate (acac), trifluoroacetylacetonate, hexafluoroacetylacetonate (hfacac);
• dibenzoylmethanate (dbm), benzoylacetonate (bac), or tetramethylheptanedionate (tmhd);
• and
• forming a carbon-carbon or carbon-heteroatom bond using one of the Suzuki, Suzuki-Miyaura, Murahashi, Kumada, Kumada-Corriu, Kumada-Tamao, Nozaki, Nozaki-Oshima, Negishi, Hiyama, Tamao-Kumada, Hiyama-Hatanaka, Stille, Migita-Kosugi, Buchwald-Hartwig, Murahashi, Cyanation, dehydrohalogenation, α-“Carbonyl” Arylation, Sonogashira , Cadiot-Chodkiewicz, Heck reactions, catalytic ether formation, catalytic α-arylations of ketones, dehalogenation, and catalytic thioether formation reactions, substrates and reactive partners thereof.