Oxides of manganese processed in continuous flow reactors

An integrated pollution control and sorbent processing system comprising:

• a pollutant removal subsystem for removal of target pollutants from gases, the pollutant removal subsystem comprising:
• a feeder containing a supply of sorbent, the feeder being configured to handle and feed sorbent, the sorbent comprising oxides of manganese;
• at least one reaction chamber configured to receive sorbent and a gas containing at least one target pollutant, where the gas is introduced at temperatures ranging from ambient temperature to below the thermal decomposition temperature of a reaction product formed by a reaction between the target pollutant and the sorbent and contacted with the sorbent for a time sufficient to effect capture of the target pollutant at a targeted capture rate set point, the target pollutant being captured by reacting with the sorbent to form the reaction product to substantially strip the gas of the target pollutant, the reaction chamber being farther configured to render the gas that has been substantially stripped of the target pollutant free of reacted and unreacted sorbent so that the gas may be vented from the reaction chamber;
• and wherein differential pressure within the system is regulated so that any differential pressure across the system is no greater than a predetermined level;
• a pollutant removal controller for simultaneously monitoring and adjusting system operational parameters, the controller providing integrated control of system differential pressure and other operational parameters selected from the group consisting of target pollutant capture rate gas inlet temperature, sorbent feed rate and any combination thereot wherein differential pressure within the system is regulated so that any differential pressure across the system is no greater than a predetermined level and the target pollutant is removed at their targeted capture rate set points;
• and
• a sorbent processing subsystem for rapid and adaptive processing of oxides of manganese, the sorbent processing subsystem comprising:
• a continuous flow reactor equipped with an orifice, a back pressure valve, probes for measuring temperature, pressure, Lh and pH values of aqueous solutions within the continuous flow reactor, the continuous flow reactor being configured for introduction of a heated aqueous oxidizing solution and a manganese containing solution a heated manganese containing solution selected from the group consisting of a slurry of virgin oxides of manganese, a regeneration slurry containing rinsed reacted oxides of manganese, a slurry of loaded oxides of manganese containing disassociated manganese cations, a manganese salt solution containing disassociated manganese cations, the manganese containing solution and the aqueous oxidizing solution being processed together in the continuous flow reactor as a combined mixed processing solution;
• a manganese vessel equipped with a feeder, the manganese vessel containing the manganese containing solution;
• a oxidant vessel equipped with a feeder, the oxidant vessel containing a supply of the aqueous oxidizing solution, the oxidizing solution being prepared to have Eh and pH values within a permanganate stability area or an MnO2 stability area or to move solution conditions initially into the permanganate stability area or an MnO2 stability area when contacted with the manganese containing solution;
• a plurality of heating units;
• a base and/or acid feeder for feeding base or acid to the continuous flow reactor;
• a least one filtration and/or rinse unit;
• and
• a sorbent processing controller for simultaneously monitoring and adjusting system operational parameters and regulating system components, the controller being in electronic communication with the probes of the oxidant vessel, the manganese vessel, the continuous flow reactor, the feeders, the at least one filtration and/or rinse unit, the back pressure valve and the heating units;
• the controller being capable of monitoring and adjusting system operational parameters selected from the group consisting of temperature, pressure, molarity, EH, pH and feeder rates so as adjust and maintain conditions in the continuous flow reactor within the MnO2 stability area during processing.