# US 7,417,005 B2 · Process for making, and use of, anionic clay materials

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- Number: US 7,417,005 B2
- Document ID: US7417005B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 11/501,990
- Filed: 2006-08-10
- Published: 2006-12-07
- Granted: 2008-08-26
- Earliest claimed: 1997-10-20
- Assignees: Intercal Company
- Inventors: Albert A. Vierheilig
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7417005B2

## CPC

- C01F 7/785: Hydrotalcite
- B01J 21/10: Magnesium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J 21/16: Clays or other mineral silicates
- B01J 23/002: {Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite}
- B01J 23/007: {Mixed salts}
- C01B 13/14: Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general (particular individual oxides or hydroxides, see the relevant groups of subclasses C01B - C01G or C25B, according to the element combined with the oxygen or hydroxy group)
- C10G 11/02: characterised by the catalyst used
- B01J 2523/00: Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
- C01P 2002/22: layered hydroxide-type, e.g. of the hydrotalcite-type
- C01P 2002/32: spinel-type (AB2O4)
- C01P 2002/72: by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
- C01P 2006/10: Solid density
- C01P 2006/21: Attrition-index or crushing strength of granulates
- C01F: COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS (metal hydrides {monoborane, diborane or addition complexes thereof} C01B6/00; salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B11/00; peroxides, salts of peroxyacids C01B15/00; sulfides or polysulfides of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium C01B17/42; thiosulfates, dithionites, polythionates C01B17/64; compounds containing selenium or tellurium C01B19/00; binary compounds of nitrogen with metals C01B21/06; azides C01B21/08; {compounds other than ammonia or cyanogen containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals C01B21/082; amides or imides of silicon C01B21/087}; metal {imides or} amides C01B21/092, {C01B21/0923}; nitrites C01B21/50; {compounds of noble gases C01B23/0005}; phosphides C01B25/08; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B25/16; carbides C01B32/90; compounds containing silicon C01B33/00; compounds containing boron C01B35/00; compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties C01B37/00; compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, C01B39/00; cyanides C01C3/08; salts of cyanic acid C01C3/14; salts of cyanamide C01C3/16; thiocyanates C01C3/20; {double sulfates of magnesium with sodium or potassium C01D5/12; with other alkali metals C01D15/00, C01D17/00})
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- C01B: NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; {METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C}
- C10G: CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION (cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas C01B; cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to individual hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of definite or specified constitution C07C; cracking to cokes C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C01P: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

## Abstract

Anionic clay compounds such as hydrotalcite-like compounds can be made by a process wherein a non-hydrotalcite-like compound (or a hydrotalcite-like compound) are heat treated and then hydrated to form hydrotalcite-like compounds having properties (e.g., increased hardness and/or density) that differ from those of hydrotalcite-like compounds made by prior art methods wherein non-hydrotalcite-like compounds (or hydrotalcite-like compounds) are not similarly heat treated and hydrated to form such hydrotalcite-like compounds.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A hydrotalcite like compound having an XRD pattern which has 2 theta peak positions that reasonably resemble those found in ICDD card 35-965 and one or more metallic oxidants selected from the group consisting of cerium, vanadium, cobalt, copper, platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, nickel, manganese, iron, ytterbium and uranium made by a process comprising:
(i) providing a first hydrotalcite like compound;
(ii) heat treating the first hydrotalcite like compound at a temperature up to about 850° C.; and
(iii) hydrating the product of step (ii) to form the hydrotalcite like compound.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The hydrotalcite like compound of claim 1, wherein the hydrotalcite like compound is at least 10% harder and/or at least 10% denser than the hydrotalcite like compound of step (ii).

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The hydrotalcite like compound of claim 1, wherein heat treating the hydrotalcite like compound comprising heating at a temperature from about 300° C. to about 850° C.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

A method for decreasing SOx emissions from an FCC unit comprising adding the hydrotalcite like compound of claim 1 to the FCC unit to reduce the SOx emissions.

### Claim 5

A hydrotalcite like compound having an XRD pattern which has 2 theta peak positions that reasonably resemble those found in ICDD card 35-965 and one or more metallic oxidants selected from the group consisting of cerium, vanadium, cobalt, copper, platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, nickel, manganese, iron, ytterbium and uranium made by a process comprising:
(i) preparing a reaction mixture comprising a magnesium containing compound and an aluminum containing compound;
(ii) heat treating the reaction mixture at a temperature up to about 850° C.; and
(iii) hydrating the reaction mixture to produce the hydrotalcite like compound.