# US 7,411,935 B2 · Selecting the data rate of a wireless network link according to a measure of error vector magnitude > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 7,411,935 B2 - Document ID: US7411935B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 11/099,115 - Filed: 2005-04-05 - Published: 2005-09-08 - Granted: 2008-08-12 - Earliest claimed: 2003-02-14 - Assignees: Cisco Technology, Inc. - Inventors: Philip J. Ryan; Andrew R. Adams; Brian Hart; Jason R. Crawford; Andrew F. Myles - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7411935B2 ## CPC - H04W 48/20: Selecting an access point - H04L 1/0002: {by adapting the transmission rate} - H04L 1/0015: {characterised by the adaptation strategy} - H04L 1/0026: {Transmission of channel quality indication} - H04L 1/206: {for modulated signals} - H04L 5/0091: {Signalling for the administration of the divided path, e.g. signalling of configuration information} - H04W 24/00: Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements - H04W 84/12: WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks] - H04W 84/18: Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract An apparatus in a node of a wireless network for setting the data rate for sending data to a remote node, and a method for setting the data rate. The method includes receiving a packet from the remote node, determining a measure of signal quality for the received packet; and selecting the data rate for communicating to the remote node according to at least the determined signal quality. The measure of signal quality is a measure of the EVM of the received packet. One implementation conforms to one or more variants of the IEEE 802.11 standard that uses OFDM packets. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus for inclusion in a node of a wireless network, the apparatus comprising: an OFDM receiver arranged to receive packets of data from a remote node, including an analog-to-digital converter producing samples of signals received at the node from the remote node, said received signals in the form of packets of data, a packet of data including a part modulated in a pre-defined way and containing information indicative of the data rate used for at least some of the packet; an OFDM demodulator coupled to the receiver arranged to demodulate samples of the signals received at the OFDM receiver to produce demodulated signals, the samples at decision points; and an error vector magnitude calculator coupled to the receiver and to the OFDM demodulator, arranged to accept an indication of the rate as a result of the demodulator demodulating the part modulated in a pre-defined way, the error vector magnitude calculator further arranged to determine a measure of the signal quality of the decision point samples of the received signal, such that the measure of the signal quality determined by the error vector magnitude calculator is used to select a data rate for communicating between the node and the remote node, wherein the wireless network is configured to use OFDM. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) An apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising: an OFDM transmitter arranged to transmit data for transmission to the remote node, the transmitter having a settable data rate, the data rate set according to a data rate signal accepted by the transmitter; and a data rate setting processor coupled to the error vector magnitude calculator and to the OFDM transmitter and arranged to produce the data rate signal for the OFDM transmitter, the data rate signal set such that the data rate for transmission to a particular remote node is dependent on the measure of the signal quality produced by the error vector magnitude calculator from signals received from the particular remote node. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) An apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising: an OFDM transmitter arranged to transmit data for transmission to the remote node, wherein a packet for transmission from the node to a particular remote node by the transmitter includes a measure of the signal quality produced by the error vector magnitude calculator from signals received from the particular remote node. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) An apparatus as recited in claim 3, wherein the OFDM transmitter has a settable data rate, the data rate set according to a data rate signal accepted by the OFDM transmitter, the apparatus further comprising: a data rate setting processor coupled to the error vector magnitude calculator, to the output of the demodulator, and to the transmitter and arranged to produce the data rate signal for the transmitter, the data rate signal set such the data rate for transmission to a particular remote node is dependent on one of the measure of the signal quality produced by the error vector magnitude calculator from signals received from the particular remote node or data received from the particular remote node indicating the signal quality of one or more signals received at the particular node from the node. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) An apparatus as recited in claim 2, wherein the measure of signal quality is a measure of the error vector magnitude of the received packet. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) An apparatus as recited in claim 5, wherein the data rate processor is part of a MAC layer processor for the node. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) An apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the wireless network substantially conforms to one of the OFDM variants of the IEEE 802.11 standards. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) An apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the packets of data are OFDM packets, and wherein the demodulator is coupled to the receiver via a discrete Fourier transformer that produces modulated subcarrier signals of packets received from the remote node, such that the demodulation is of the modulated subcarrier signals. ### Claim 9 A method of setting a data rate for a node of a wireless network that uses OFDM for communication, the data rate being for sending data to a remote node, the method comprising: receiving an OFDM packet from the remote node, a received OFDM packet including a part modulated in a pre-defined way and containing information indicative of the data rate used for at least some of the packet; demodulating the part modulated in the pre-defined way to determine the information indicative of the data rate, and further demodulating the at least some of the packet; and determining a measure of an error vector magnitude (EYM) for the received OFDM packet, the determining using at least the demodulated part that was modulated in the pre-defined way, such that the determined measure of the EVM is used to select a data rate for communicating between the node and the remote node. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) A method as recited in claim 9, further comprising: selecting the data rate for communicating to the remote node according to at least the determined measure of the error vector magnitude. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) A method as recited in claim 9, further comprising: including in an OFDM packet for transmission to the remote node an indication of the determined measure of the error vector magnitude of the OFDM packet received from the remote node, such that the remote node is provided with a measure of the EVM for an OFDM packet received at the node. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) A method as recited in claim 11, ascertaining if a packet has been received from the remote node indicating a measure of the signal quality of a packet remotely received at the remote node from the node, if it is ascertained that such a packet has been received from the remote node, selecting the data rate for communicating to the remote node according to at least the measure of the EVM of the remotely received packet. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) A method as recited in claim 12, wherein the ascertaining includes ascertaining if a packet from the remote node conforms to a modification of one of the OFDM variants of the IEEE 802.11 standard or a derivative thereof, the modification being the inclusion in packets of the indication of a measure of the EVM. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) A method as recited in claim 12, further comprising: if the ascertaining ascertains that no packet has been received from the remote node indicating the measure of the signal quality, selecting the data rate for communicating to the remote node according to at least the determined measure of the error vector magnitude of the received packet. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) A method as recited in claim 12, further comprising setting the data rate such the data rate for transmission to a particular remote node is dependent on one of the measure of the EVM determined from signals received from the particular remote node or data received from the particular remote node indicating the measure of the EVM of one or more signals received at the particular node from the node. ### Claim 16 (depends on 9) A method as recited in claim 9, wherein the wireless network conforms to one of the OFDM variants of the IEEE 802.11 standard or a derivative thereof. ### Claim 17 (depends on 9) A method as recited in claim 9, further comprising requesting the remote node to send packets at a data rate depending on the determined measure of the error vector magnitude. ### Claim 18 (depends on 10) A method as recited in claim 10, wherein the selecting the data rate for communicating to the remote node is according to the determined measure of the EVM and at least one other metric. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) A method as recited in claim 18, wherein the at least one other metric includes the packet error rate (PER) for packets from the remote node. ### Claim 20 (depends on 10) A method as recited in claim 10, wherein the selecting the data rate for communicating to the remote node is dynamic depending on one or more metrics concerning all the remote nodes in communication with the node. ### Claim 21 An apparatus for setting the data rate for a node of a wireless network, the data rate for sending data to a remote node, the apparatus included in the node and comprising: means for receiving a packet from the remote node, a received OFDM packet including a part modulated in a pre-defined way and containing information indicative of the data rate used for at least some of the packet; means for demodulating, including demodulating the part modulated in the pre-defined way to determine the information indicative of the data rate; and means for determining a measure of an error vector magnitude (EVM) for the received packet, the means for determining the measure of the EVM coupled to the means for demodulating and using at least the demodulated part that was modulated in the pre-defined way, such that the determined measure of the EVM is used to select a data rate for communicating between the node and the remote node. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) An apparatus as recited in claim 21, further comprising means for selecting the data rate for communicating to the remote node according to the determined measure of the EVM. ### Claim 23 (depends on 21) An apparatus as recited in claim 21, wherein the network conforms to one of the IEEE 802.11 standards. ### Claim 24 An apparatus for inclusion in a node of a wireless network, the apparatus comprising: a receiver to receive data from a remote node, including an analog-to-digital converter producing samples of packets of data received at the node from the remote node, a packet of data including a part modulated in a pre-defined way and containing information indicative of the data rate used for at least some of the packet; a demodulator coupled to the receiver to demodulate samples of the signals received at the receiver to produce demodulated signals, the samples at decision points; an error vector magnitude calculator coupled to the receiver and to the demodulator, the error vector magnitude calculator arranged to accept an indication of the rate as a result of the demodulator demodulating the part modulated in a pre-defined way, the error vector magnitude calculator arranged to determine a measure of the signal quality of the decision point samples of the received signal; a transmitter to transmit data for transmission to the remote node, the transmitter having a settable data rate, the data rate set according to a data rate signal accepted by the transmitter; and a data rate setting processor coupled to the error vector magnitude calculator and to the transmitter and producing the data rate signal for the transmitter, the data rate signal set such that the data rate for transmission to a particular node is dependent on the measure of the signal quality produced by the error vector magnitude calculator from signals received from the particular remote node.