# US 7,411,584 B2 · Touch sensitive device employing bending wave vibration sensing and excitation transducers

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- Number: US 7,411,584 B2
- Document ID: US7411584B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 10/750,502
- Filed: 2003-12-31
- Published: 2005-07-07
- Granted: 2008-08-12
- Earliest claimed: 2003-12-31
- Assignees: 3M Innovative Properties Company
- Inventors: Nicholas P. R. Hill; Darius M. Sullivan
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7411584B2

## CPC

- G06F 3/0436: {in which generating transducers and detecting transducers are attached to a single acoustic waves transmission substrate}
- G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N)

## Abstract

A touch sensitive apparatus includes a touch plate to which several pickup sensors and at least one excitation transducer are coupled. Each of the sensors is configured to sense bending waves in the touch plate, and the excitation transducer is configured to induce bending waves in the touch plate. The apparatus may further include active buffer circuits, wherein each of the active buffer circuits is coupled to one of the sensors. A controller is coupled to the sensors via the active buffer circuits and to the excitation transducer via a non-actively buffered connection. The controller is configured to compute a location of a contact on the touch plate responsive to sense signals received from the sensors. The apparatus may be used to perform a variety of calibrations, including touch plate and sensor calibrations. Changes in touch sensing apparatus calibration and performance may be detected and tracked over time.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A touch sensitive apparatus, comprising: a touch plate;
a plurality of sensors coupled to the touch plate, each of the sensors configured to sense bending waves in the touch plate;
an excitation transducer coupled to the touch plate and configured to induce bending waves in the touch plate;
a plurality of active buffer circuits, each of the active buffer circuits respectively coupled to one of the sensors, wherein each of the active buffer circuits comprises a field effect transistor; and
a controller coupled to the sensors via the active buffer circuits and to the excitation transducer via a non-actively buffered connection, the controller configured to compute information related to a touch on the touch plate responsive to sense signals received by the sensors.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the information related to the touch comprises touch location.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the information related to the touch comprises information concerning detection of a lift-off of the touch.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the touch plate is substantially rectangular;
the plurality of sensors comprises four sensors each positioned at a respective corner of the touch plate; and
the excitation transducer is positioned proximate a peripheral edge of the touch plate.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensors comprises piezoelectric sensors.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the excitation transducer comprises a piezoelectric transducer.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the active buffer circuits comprises a field effect transistor.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensors, the plurality of active buffer circuits, and the excitation transducer are respectively disposed on the touch plate.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the excitation transducer is configured to induce bending waves in the touch plate and to sense bending waves in the touch plate.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the sensors is configured to provide a differential sense signal to a balanced input of one of the active buffer circuits, and each of the active buffer circuits is coupled to a balanced input of the controller.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the sensors produce bending wave signals responsive to the induced bending waves; and
the controller computes relative dimensions of the touch plate using the bending wave signals.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the sensors produce bending wave signals responsive to the induced bending waves; and
the controller computes absolute dimensions of the touch plate using the bending wave signals.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the sensors produce bending wave signals responsive to the induced bending waves;
the controller computes dimensions of the touch plate using the bending wave signals; and
the controller computes a phase response of each of the sensors using the computed touch plate dimensions, a dispersion relation, and a measured phase response.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the excitation transducer induces bending waves in the touch plate in response to a non-audible tone signal.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller comprises an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) having a sampling frequency, the controller generating a tone signal having a frequency substantially equal to that of the sampling frequency of the ADC and communicating the generated tone signal to the excitation transducer.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the excitation transducer induces bending waves in the touch plate in response to a non-audible multiple tone signal.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the multiple tone signal comprises tones having frequencies that are spatially non-periodic.

### Claim 18 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the excitation transducer induces a non-audible broadband noise stimulus in the touch plate.

### Claim 19 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the excitation transducer induces bending waves in the touch plate in response to receiving a swept tone signal from the controller, the sensors producing bending wave signals responsive to the induced bending waves.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the controller comprises a demodulator that demodulates the bending wave signals synchronously with respect to the swept tone signal.

### Claim 21 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the controller comprises an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) having a sampling frequency, fs; and
the excitation transducer induces bending waves in the touch plate having frequencies greater than fs/2.

### Claim 22 (depends on 21)

The apparatus of claim 21, wherein:
the sensors produce bending wave signals responsive to the induced bending waves having frequencies greater than fs/2; and
the ADC registers the bending wave signals as aliased bending wave signals having frequencies lower than fs/2.

### Claim 23 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the controller comprises an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) having a sampling frequency, fs; and
the excitation transducer induces bending waves in the touch plate having a frequency substantially equal to fs.

### Claim 24 (depends on 23)

The apparatus of claim 23, wherein:
the sensors produce bending wave signals responsive to the induced bending waves; and
the ADC registers the bending wave signals as aliased bending wave signals having a dc offset determined by an amplitude and a phase of the induced bending waves.

### Claim 25 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the excitation transducer is configured to induce bending waves in the touch plate and to sense bending waves in the touch plate; and
the controller further comprises wake-up circuitry coupled to the excitation transducer, the wake-up circuitry configured to generate a wake-up signal in response to the excitation transducer sensing a touch to the touch plate and to communicate the wake-up signal to the controller.

### Claim 26 (depends on 25)

The apparatus of claim 25, wherein at least the active buffer circuits transition from a sleep mode to an operating mode responsive to the controller receiving the wake-up signal.

### Claim 27 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a display coupled to the touch sensitive apparatus.

### Claim 28 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a display coupled to the touch sensitive apparatus; and
a host processor coupled to the display and the touch sensitive apparatus.