# US 7,407,706 B2 · Encapsulated matter comprising multiple polymeric coatings of opposite charges and production process thereof > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 7,407,706 B2 - Document ID: US7407706B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 11/238,831 - Filed: 2005-09-29 - Published: 2006-10-05 - Granted: 2008-08-05 - Earliest claimed: 2004-09-30 - Assignees: Seiko Epson Corporation - Inventors: Toshiyuki Miyabayashi; Makoto Nagase - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7407706B2 ## CPC - B01J 13/22: Coating - B01J 13/14: Polymerisation; cross-linking - C08F 2/44: Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers - C09B 67/0013: {with polymeric coatings} - C09C 3/10: Treatment with macromolecular organic compounds {(C09C3/006 takes precedence)} - C09D 11/30: Inkjet printing inks - C01P 2004/62: Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer - C01P 2004/64: Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer - Y10T 428/2998: including synthetic resin or polymer - Y10T 428/30: Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer - B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS - C08F: MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS - C09B: ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES {, e.g. PIGMENTS}; MORDANTS; LAKES (fermentation or enzyme using processes to synthesise a desired chemical compound C12P) - C09C: TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES (treatment of materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone C04B14/00, C04B18/00, C04B20/00); PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK {; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS} - C09D: COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR (cosmetics A61K; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general, B05D; staining wood B27K5/02; glazes or vitreous enamels C03C; natural resins, French polish, drying-oils, driers, turpentine, per se, C09F; polishing compositions other than French polish, ski waxes C09G; adhesives or use of materials as adhesives C09J; materials for sealing or packing joints or covers C09K3/10; materials for stopping leaks C09K3/12; processes for the electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings C25D) - C01P: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract The present invention relates to encapsulated matter comprising a core material having a charge on a surface thereof and a plurality of coating layers each mainly comprising a polymer with which the core material is coated, the layers comprising at least a first coating layer and a second coating layer, wherein the polymer constituting the first coating layer which contacts the core material comprises at least: (1) a repeating structural unit derived from an ionic polymerizable surfactant A and/or an ionic monomer, each having a charge opposite to the surface charge of the core material; and (2) a repeating structural unit derived from an ionic polymerizable surfactant B having a charge of the same kind as or opposite to the surface charge of the core material, and the polymer constituting the second coating layer which contacts the outside of the first coating layer comprises at least: (3) a repeating structural unit derived from an ionic polymerizable surfactant C and/or an ionic monomer, each having a charge opposite to the surface charge of the first coating layer; and (4) a repeating structural unit derived from an ionic polymerizable surfactant D having a charge of the same kind as or opposite to the surface charge of the first coating layer. ## Claims ### Claim 1 Encapsulated matter comprising: a core material having a charge on a surface thereof; and a plurality of coating layers each mainly comprising a polymer, with which the core material is coated, the layers comprising at least a first coating layer and a second coating layer, wherein the polymer constituting the first coating layer which contacts the core material comprises at least: (1) a repeating structural unit derived from an ionic polymerizable surfactant A and/or an ionic monomer, each having a charge opposite to the surface charge of the core material; and (2) a repeating structural unit derived from an ionic polymerizable surfactant B having a charge of the same kind as or opposite to the surface charge of the core material, said repeating structural unit derived from the ionic polymerizable surfactant B imparting to the first coating layer a surface charge which is of the same kind as the charge of the repeating structural unit derived from the ionic polymerizable surfactant B; and wherein the polymer constituting the second coating layer which contacts the outside of the first coating layer comprises at least: (3) a repeating structural unit derived from an ionic polymerizable surfactant C and/or an ionic monomer, each having a charge opposite to the surface charge of the first coating layer; and (4) a repeating structural uinit derived from an ionic polymerizable surfactant D having a charge of the same kind as or opposite to the surface charge of the first coating layer. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The encapsulated matter according to claim 1, which has at least a third coating layer, wherein the polymer constituting the third coating layer comprises at least: (1) a repeating structural unit derived from an ionic polymerizable surfactant E and/or an ionic monomer, each having a charge opposite to the surface charge of a coating layer located immediately beneath; and (2) a repeating structural unit derived from an ionic polymerizable surfactant F having a charge of the same kind as or opposite to a surface charge imparted to the second coating layer by the repeating structural unit derived from the ionic polvmerizable surfactant D. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The encapsulated matter according to claim 1 which comprises, together with the repeating unit derived from the ionic polymerizable surfactant B or ionic polymerizable surfactant D, a repeating structural unit derived from an ionic monomer having a charge of the same kind as that of the respective ionic polymerizable surfactant. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The encapsulated matter according to claim 1, wherein at least any one polymer of the respective coating layers comprises a repeating structural unit derived from a hydrophobic monomer. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) A process for producing the encapsulated matter according to claim 1, which process comprises: (1) adding the ionic polymerizable surfactant A and/or an ionic monomer, each having a charge opposite to the surface charge of the core material, to an aqueous dispersion of the core material having the charge on the surface thereof, followed by mixing; then, (2) adding the ionic polymerizable surfactant B having a charge of the same kind as or opposite to the surface charge of the core material, followed by mixing and emulsification, and adding a polymerization initiator thereto to conduct polymerization in water, thereby forming the first coating layer: subsequently, (3) adding the ionic polymerizable surfactant C and/or an ionic monomer, each having a charge opposite to the surface charge of the first coating layer to an aqueous dispersion of coated matter having the first coating layer, followed by mixing; and thereafter, (4) adding the ionic polymerizable surfactant D having a charge of the same kind as or opposite to the surface charge of the first coating layer, followed by mixing and emulsification, and adding a polymerization initiator thereto to conduct polymerization in water, thereby forming the second coating layer. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The process according to claim 5, which comprises: (1) adding an ionic polymerizable surfactant E and/or an ionic monomer, each having a charge opposite to the surface charge of the encapsulated matter to an aqueous solution of the encapsulated matter with at least the first coating layer and the second coating layer formed, followed by mixing; and then, (2) adding an ionic polymerizable surfactant F having a charge of the same kind as or opposite to the surface charge of the encapsulated matter, followed by mixing and emulsification, and adding a polymerization initiator thereto to conduct polymerization in water, thereby forming a third coating layer. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The process according to claim 5, wherein a hydrophobic monomer is added together with each ionic polymerizable surfactant and/or ionic monomer at the time when at least any one of the respective coating layers is formed. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The process according to claim 7, wherein before the addition of the ionic polymerizable surfactant B or the ionic polymerizable surfactant D, the hydrophobic monomer is added, followed by mixing. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The process according to claim 7, wherein after the addition and mixing of the ionic polymerizable surfactant B or the ionic polymerizable surfactant D, the hydrophobic monomer is added, followed by mixing. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) A process for producing the encapsulated matter according to claim 1, which process comprises: (1) adding the ionic polymerizable surfactant A and/or an ionic monomer, each having a charge opposite to the surface charge of the core material to an aqueous dispersion of the core material having the charge on the surface thereof, followed by mixing; then, (2) adding the ionic polymerizable surfactant B having a charge of the same kind as or opposite to the surface charge of the core material and an ionic monomer having a charge of the same kind as that of the ionic polymerizable surfactant B, followed by mixing and emulsification, and adding a polymerization initiator thereto to conduct polymerization in water, thereby forming the first coating layer; subsequently, (3) adding the ionic polymerizable surfactant C and/or an ionic monomer, each having a charge opposite to the surface charge of the first coating layer to an aqueous dispersion of coated matter having the first coating layer, followed by mixing; and thereafter, (4) adding the ionic polymerizable surfactant D having a charge of the same kind as or opposite to the surface charge of the first coating layer and an ionic monomer having a charge of the same kind as that of the ionic polymerizable surfactant D, followed by mixing and emulsification, and adding a polymerization initiator thereto to conduct polymerization in water, thereby forming the second coating layer. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The process according to claim 10, which comprises: (1) adding the ionic polymerizable surfactant E and/or an ionic monomer, each having a charge opposite to the surface charge of the encapsulated matter to an aqueous solution of the encapsulated matter with at least the first coating layer and the second coating layer formed, followed by mixing; and then, (2) adding the ionic polymerizable surfactant F having a charge of the same kind as or opposite to the surface charge of the encapsulated matter and an ionic monomer having a charge of the same kind as that of the ionic polymerizable surfactant D, followed by mixing and emulsification, and adding a polymerization initiator thereto to conduct polymerization in water, thereby forming a third or coating layer. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The process according to claim 10, wherein a hydrophobic monomer is added together with each ionic polymerizable surfactant and/or ionic monomer at the time when at least any one of the respective coating layers is formed. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The process according to claim 12, wherein before the addition of the ionic polymerizable surfactant B or the ionic polymerizable surfactant D, the hydrophobic monomer is added, followed by mixing. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The process according to claim 12, wherein after the addition and mixing of the ionic polymerizable surfactant B or the ionic polymerizable surfactant D, the hydrophobic monomer is added, followed by mixing. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The encapsulated matter according to claim 1, which is an encapsulated pigment, wherein the core material is a pigment particle. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) A pigment dispersion comprising the encapsulated matter according to claim 15. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) A pigment ink comprising the encapsulated matter according to claim 15.