# US 7,407,522 B2 · Stabile invert fuel emulsion compositions and method of making > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 7,407,522 B2 - Document ID: US7407522B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 10/766,686 - Filed: 2004-01-27 - Published: 2004-12-23 - Granted: 2008-08-05 - Earliest claimed: 1998-07-01 - Assignees: Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. - Inventors: Edward A. Jakush; Gerald N. Coleman; Dennis L. Endicott; Alex Nikolov - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7407522B2 ## CPC - C10L 1/328: {Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase} - C10L: FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS ## Abstract The present method for producing a high stability, low emission, invert fuel emulsion composition comprises blending additives having a surfactant package with a hydrocarbon petroleum distillate fuel in an in-line blending station to create a composition. The surfactant package includes a primary surfactant, a block copolymer, and a polymeric dispersant, and the hydrocarbon petroleum distillate fuel is a continuous phase of the emulsion. The method also comprises blending purified water with the composition in a second in-line blending station to produce a second composition and aging the second composition in a reservoir to produce an aged composition and passing the aged composition through a shear pump to a storage tank. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for producing a high stability, low emission, invert fuel emulsion composition, comprising: blending a flow of additives including a surfactant package with a flow of a hydrocarbon petroleum distillate fuel in a first in-line blending station to create a first composition, said surfactant package includes a primary surfactant, a block copolymer, and a polymeric dispersant, and said hydrocarbon petroleum distillate fuel is a continuous phase of the emulsion; blending purified water with said first composition in a second in-line blending station to produce a second composition; aging said second composition to produce an aged composition; and passing said aged composition through a shear pump. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said aging is temperature dependent. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the emulsion is about 5 wt. % to about 50 wt. % of said purified water and about 50 wt. % to about 95 wt. % of said hydrocarbon petroleum distillate fuel. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said primary surfactant is about 3,000 parts per million to about 10,000 parts per million. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said primary surfactant is selected from a group consisting of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said primary surfactant is selected from a group consisting of unsubstituted, mono-substituted amides of saturated C12-C22 fatty acids, unsubstituted, di-substituted amides of saturated C12-C22 fatty acids, unsubstituted, mono-substituted amides of unsaturated C12-C22 fatty acids, and unsubstituted, di-substituted amides of unsaturated C12-C22 fatty acids. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein said mono-substituted amides and di-substituted amides are substituted by substituents selected, independently of each other, from a group consisting of straight and branched, unsubstituted alkyls having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, straight and branched, substituted alkyls having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, straight and branched, unsubstituted alkanols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, straight and branched, substituted alkanols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and aryls. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said primary surfactant is a 1:1 fatty acid diethanolamide of oleic acid. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said block copolymer is at about 1,000 ppm to about 5,000 ppm. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said block copolymer is an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said block copolymer is selected from a group consisting of an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer having about 10 wt. % to about 40 wt. % ethylene oxide and an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer having about 900 molecular weight to about 2,500 molecular weight propylene oxide. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said block copolymer is selected from a group consisting of an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer having about 20 wt. % ethylene oxide and an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer having about 1,700 molecular weight propylene oxide. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said polymeric dispersant is at about 100 ppm to about 1,000 ppm. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said polymeric dispersant is a non-ionic polymeric dispersant. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the emulsion has an average droplet size of less than about 1 micron. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the emulsion has an average droplet size of about 0.1 microns to about 1 micron. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: at least one component selected from a group consisting of lubricants, corrosion inhibitors, antifreezes, ignition delay modifiers, cetane improvers, stabilizers, and rheology modifiers. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, wherein said flow of additives comprises said surfactant package and at least one of said at least one component. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, wherein said flow of additives comprises a flow of said antifreeze and at least one of said at least one component blended in a third in-line blending station.