Multi-valued digital information retaining elements and memory devices

Abstract

Discussed are models and methods to create stable binary and non-binary sequential devices including one or more logic functions of which an output signal is uniquely related to an input signal. Methods and apparatus for non-binary single independent input information retaining devices from two logic functions are discussed. Memory elements using the information retaining devices and methods are also discussed. Methods and apparatus for n-valued memory devices including n-valued inverters with feedback are discussed. Binary and non-binary information retaining elements with two logic functions and two independent inputs are discussed. Also discussed are n-valued gating devices that can be combined with n-valued information retaining devices to form n-valued memory devices. Methods and apparatus for single non-binary n-valued logic function latches are discussed. Single non-binary n-valued function methods realizing (n−1)-valued latching methods controlled by an nth state are also discussed. Two non-binary n-valued logic functions based memory devices retaining the value of a first input and controlled by a second input are discussed. Ternary, 4-valued and n-valued true latches are discussed.

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