Melanocortin-4 receptor binding compounds and methods of use thereof

A compound of formula XVII:

• or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:
• P1, P2, P3, and P4 are each selected from a substituted or unsubstituted carbon;
• Z1 is CH or a carbon substituted with R7;
• Z2 is CH or a carbon substituted with R8;
• Z3, Z4 and Z5 are each independently selected from CH or a carbon substituted with R9;
• R7 is C1-3 alkoxy, C1-3 haloalkoxy, cyano, C1-3 cyanoalkyl, halo, C1-3 alkyl, or C1-3 haloalkyl;
• R8 is halo, C1-3 alkyl, C1-3 haloalkyl, or R7 and R8 are taken together with their intervening atoms to form a fused, 5-6 membered aromatic or nonaromatic ring having 0-2 ring heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur;
• each R9 is independently selected from halo, cyano, trialkylsiloxy, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 haloalkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C1-6 haloalkoxy, C1-6 alkenyl, C1-6 alkynyl, N(R10)2, (C1-6 alkyl)-N(R10)2, O(C1-6 alkyl)-N(R10)2, C1-6 alkylsulfonyl, C1-6 alkylthio, or phenyl, or two R9 on neighboring carbons are taken together to form a fused, 5-6 membered aromatic or nonaromatic ring having 0-2 ring heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur;
• each R10 is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, or two R10 on the same nitrogen are taken together with their intervening nitrogen to form a 5-6 membered ring having 1-2 ring heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur;
• L2 is a covalent bond, a substituted or unsubstituted 1-2 carbon chain or a 2 carbon carbonyl chain, wherein one of the carbons along with the hydrogen attached thereto is optionally replaced by oxygen, N(R10), or sulfur;
• t is CH2, CHR3, or CR3R4, and s is CH2, CHR5, or CR5R6, or t-s taken together is CH═CH, CR3═CH, CH═CR5 or CR3═CR5;
• and have at least one feature selected from the group consisting of (i) t=CH2, (ii) s=CH2, (iii) t is CHR3 and s is CHR5 wherein R3 and R5 are taken together with their intervening atom or atoms to form a fused 3-7 membered non-aromatic ring having 0-2 ring heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur, and (iv) R and R5 are taken together with their intervening atoms to form a fused pyrrolidino or piperidino ring;
• R3, R4, R5, and R6 are each independently selected from C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkylcarboxyl, C1-4 alkoxycarbonyl, C1-4 alkylcarboxamide, or two of R3, R4, R5, and R6 are taken together with their intervening atom or atoms to form a fused 3-7 membered aromatic or non-aromatic or 3-7 membered spirocyclic ring, having 0-2 ring heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur;
• R is hydrogen or a C1-8 alkyl or C1-8 alkylcarbonyl that is substituted with 0-2 R11, or R and L2 are taken together with their intervening atoms to form a fused five membered ring having 1-2 ring heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur;
• each R11 is independently selected from C1-3 alkyl, cyano, halo, haloalkyl, N(R10)2, (C═O)N(R10)2, OC(═O)N(R10)2, OH, S(C1-6 alkyl), SO2(C1-6 alkyl), SO2N(R10)2, C1-6 alkoxy, C1-6 alkylcarbonyl, C1-6 alkylcarboxyl, C1-6 alkoxycarboxyl, C5-6 aryl, C6-10 arylalkyl, or a 3-6 membered heterocyclyl having 1 or 2 heteroatoms.