Back to results
US 7,363,756 B2Granted
Method for combustion of a fuel
AssigneeALSTOM Technology Ltd
InventorsElisabetta Carrea, Peter Jansohn
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
In a method for the combustion of a fuel, a fuel or a premixed combustible mixture is introduced into a combustion space as a combustible fluid open jet. The velocity of the open jet is selected in such a way that it is impossible for a stable flame front to form, i.e. is in any event greater than the flame front velocity, and that, on account of a jet pump effect, flue gas is mixed into the combustible fluid jet from the combustion chamber in a jet-induced recirculation internally within the combustion chamber. The admixed flue gas dilutes and heats the combustible fluid. The heating causes the spontaneous ignition temperature to be exceeded, and a low-pollutant volumetric flame is formed in a highly dilute atmosphere.
Claims37
A method for combustion of a fuel, in particular in a combustion chamber of a gas turboset, comprising:
- introducing a combustible fluid into a combustion space through at least one entry nozzle to form a combustible fluid open jet, the combustible fluid selected from the group consisting of a fuel and a combustible mixture;
- admixing recirculated flue gas from the combustion space to the combustible fluid open jet in order to dilute the open jet and increase temperature of the open jet;
- wherein the increase in temperature is such that the combustible fluid which has been diluted is brought to a temperature which leads to spontaneous ignition thereof;
- and
- wherein flow of the combustible fluid open jet has a flow velocity greater than a flame front velocity of the combustible fluid, such that formation of a stable flame front is avoided and the combustible fluid open jet will entrain flue gas surrounding the combustible fluid open jet in accordance with the jet pump principle, whereby at least part of the flue gas is admixed into the combustible fluid open jet through jet-induced recirculation internally within the combustion space.
2 more elements
A method for combustion of a fuel, in particular in a combustion chamber of a gas turboset, comprising:
- introducing a combustible fluid into a combustion space through at least one entry nozzle to form a combustible fluid open jet, the combustible fluid selected from the group consisting of a fuel and a combustible mixture;
- admixing recirculated flue gas from the combustion space to the combustible fluid open jet in order to dilute the open jet and increase temperature of the open jet;
- wherein the increase in temperature is such that the combustible fluid which has been diluted is brought to a temperature which leads to spontaneous ignition thereof;
- and
- wherein flow of the combustible fluid open jet is such that at least part of the flue gas is admixed into the combustible fluid open jet through jet-induced recirculation internally within the combustion space;
- and
- wherein mass flow of the recirculated flue gas corresponds to at least 100% of mass flow in the open jet.
4 more elements
A method for combustion of a fuel, in particular in a combustion chamber of a gas turboset, comprising:
- introducing a combustible fluid into a combustion space through at least one entry nozzle to form a combustible fluid open jet, the combustible fluid selected from the group consisting of a fuel and a combustible mixture;
- admixing recirculated flue gas from the combustion space to the combustible fluid open jet in order to dilute the open jet and increase temperature of the open jet;
- wherein the increase in temperature is such that the combustible fluid which has been diluted is brought to a temperature which leads to spontaneous ignition thereof;
- and
- wherein flow of the combustible fluid open jet is such that at least part of the flue gas is admixed into the combustible fluid open jet through jet-induced recirculation internally within the combustion space;
- and
- wherein mass flow of the recirculated flue gas corresponds to between 100% and 150% of mass flow in the open jet.
4 more elements
A method for combustion of a fuel, in particular in a combustion chamber of a gas turboset, comprising:
- introducing a combustible fluid into a combustion space through at least one entry nozzle to form a combustible fluid open jet, the combustible fluid selected from the group consisting of a fuel and a combustible mixture;
- admixing recirculated flue gas from the combustion space to the combustible fluid open jet in order to dilute the open jet and increase temperature of the open jet;
- wherein the increase in temperature is such that the combustible fluid which has been diluted is brought to a temperature which leads to spontaneous ignition thereof;
- and
- wherein flow of the combustible fluid open jet is such that at least part of the flue gas is admixed into the combustible fluid open jet through jet-induced recirculation internally within the combustion space;
- and
- wherein combustible fluid with a first air/fuel ratio is introduced via at least one central first entry nozzle, and combustible fluid with a second air/fuel ratio is introduced via at least one second entry nozzle, the second air/fuel ratio being different than the first air/fuel ratio.
4 more elements
A method for combustion of a fuel, in particular in a combustion chamber of a gas turboset, comprising:
- introducing a combustible fluid into a combustion space through at least one entry nozzle to form a combustible fluid open jet, the combustible fluid selected from the group consisting of a fuel and a combustible mixture;
- admixing recirculated flue gas from the combustion space to the combustible fluid open jet in order to dilute the open jet and increase temperature of the open jet;
- wherein the increase in temperature is such that the combustible fluid which has been diluted is brought to a temperature which leads to spontaneous ignition thereof;
- and
- wherein flow of the combustible fluid open jet is such that at least part of the flue gas is admixed into the combustible fluid open jet through jet-induced recirculation internally within the combustion space;
- and
- wherein the combustible fluid fed to at least one entry nozzle is fed in a manner selected from the group consisting of pulsed, cyclical, and oscillating, and wherein at least one discontinuous combustible fluid jet is generated as a result of the manner that the combustible fluid is fed.
4 more elements
A method for combustion of a fuel, in particular in a combustion chamber of a gas turboset, comprising:
- introducing a combustible fluid into a combustion space through at least one entry nozzle to form a combustible fluid open jet, the combustible fluid selected from the group consisting of a fuel and a combustible mixture;
- admixing recirculated flue gas from the combustion space to the combustible fluid open jet in order to dilute the open jet and increase temperature of the open jet;
- wherein the increase in temperature is such that the combustible fluid which has been diluted is brought to a temperature which leads to spontaneous ignition thereof;
- and
- wherein flow of the combustible fluid open jet is such that at least part of the flue gas is admixed into the combustible fluid open jet through jet-induced recirculation internally within the combustion space;
- wherein a swirl is imparted to the combustible fluid open jet in at least one entry nozzle;
- and
- wherein the swirl has a swirl number of less than 0.5.
5 more elements
A method for combustion of a fuel, in particular in a combustion chamber of a gas turboset, comprising:
- introducing a combustible fluid into a combustion space through at least one entry nozzle to form a combustible fluid open jet, the combustible fluid selected from the group consisting of a fuel and a combustible mixture;
- admixing recirculated flue gas from the combustion space to the combustible fluid open jet in order to dilute the open jet and increase temperature of the open jet;
- wherein the increase in temperature is such that the combustible fluid which has been diluted is brought to a temperature which leads to spontaneous ignition thereof;
- and
- wherein flow of the combustible fluid open jet is such that at least part of the flue gas is admixed into the combustible fluid open jet through jet-induced recirculation internally within the combustion space;
- wherein a swirl is imparted to the combustible fluid open jet in at least one entry nozzle;
- and
- wherein the swirl has a swirl number of less than 0.4.
5 more elements
A method for combustion of a fuel, in particular in a combustion chamber of a gas turboset, comprising:
- introducing a combustible fluid into a combustion space through at least one entry nozzle to form a combustible fluid open jet, the combustible fluid selected from the group consisting of a fuel and a combustible mixture;
- admixing recirculated flue gas from the combustion space to the combustible fluid open jet in order to dilute the open jet and increase temperature of the open jet;
- wherein the increase in temperature is such that the combustible fluid which has been diluted is brought to a temperature which leads to spontaneous ignition thereof;
- and
- wherein flow of the combustible fluid open jet is such that at least part of the flue gas is admixed into the combustible fluid open jet through jet-induced recirculation internally within the combustion space;
- wherein a swirl is imparted to the combustible fluid open jet in at least one entry nozzle;
- and
- wherein an oppositely directed swirl is imparted to the combustible fluid open jets of at least two entry nozzles arranged adjacent to one another.
5 more elements
An apparatus for carrying out a method for combustion of a fuel, in particular in a combustion chamber of a gas turboset, the method comprising:
- introducing a combustible fluid into a combustion space through at least one entry nozzle to form a combustible fluid open jet, the combustible fluid selected from the group consisting of a fuel and a combustible mixture;
- admixing recirculated flue gas from the combustion space to the combustible fluid open jet in order to dilute the open jet and increase temperature of the open jet;
- wherein the increase in temperature is such that the combustible fluid which has been diluted is brought to a temperature which leads to spontaneous ignition thereof;
- and
- wherein flow of the combustible fluid open jet is such that at least part of the flue gas is admixed into the combustible fluid open jet through jet-induced recirculation internally within the combustion space;
- wherein the apparatus comprises:
- a burner of the combustion chamber of the gas turboset comprising the at least one entry nozzle with a fluid feed connected thereto, a front plate, and at least one opening arranged in the front plate;
- wherein the at least one nozzle is arranged at the at least one opening;
- and
- wherein the at least one entry nozzle comprises at least one central first nozzle which is surrounded by a second nozzle arranged so as to run substantially concentrically around the first nozzle.
7 more elements
An apparatus for carrying out a method for combustion of a fuel, in particular in a combustion chamber of a gas turboset, the method comprising:
- introducing a combustible fluid into a combustion space through at least one entry nozzle to form a combustible fluid open jet, the combustible fluid selected from the group consisting of a fuel and a combustible mixture;
- admixing recirculated flue gas from the combustion space to the combustible fluid open jet in order to dilute the open jet and increase temperature of the open jet;
- wherein the increase in temperature is such that the combustible fluid which has been diluted is brought to a temperature which leads to spontaneous ignition thereof;
- and
- wherein flow of the combustible fluid open jet is such that at least part of the flue gas is admixed into the combustible fluid open jet through jet-induced recirculation internally within the combustion space;
- wherein the apparatus comprises:
- a burner of the combustion chamber of the gas turboset comprising the at least one entry nozzle with a fluid feed connected thereto, a front plate, and at least one opening arranged in the front plate;
- wherein the at least one nozzle is arranged at the at least one opening;
- and
- wherein the at least one entry nozzle comprises at least one central first nozzle and a plurality of further nozzles distributed concentrically around the first nozzle.
7 more elements
An apparatus for carrying out a method for combustion of a fuel, in particular in a combustion chamber of a gas turboset, the method comprising:
- introducing a combustible fluid into a combustion space through at least one entry nozzle to form a combustible fluid open jet, the combustible fluid selected from the group consisting of a fuel and a combustible mixture;
- admixing recirculated flue gas from the combustion space to the combustible fluid open jet in order to dilute the open jet and increase temperature of the open jet;
- wherein the increase in temperature is such that the combustible fluid which has been diluted is brought to a temperature which leads to spontaneous ignition thereof;
- and
- wherein flow of the combustible fluid open jet is such that at least part of the flue gas is admixed into the combustible fluid open jet through jet-induced recirculation internally within the combustion space;
- wherein the apparatus comprises:
- a burner of the combustion chamber of the gas turboset comprising the at least one entry nozzle with a fluid feed connected thereto, a front plate, and at least one opening arranged in the front plate;
- wherein the at least one nozzle is arranged at the at least one opening;
- wherein at least one nozzle comprises a swirl generator;
- and
- wherein the swirl generator is configured to be variable so as to alter a swirl number which is generated.
8 more elements
An apparatus for carrying out a method for combustion of a fuel, in particular in a combustion chamber of a gas turboset, the method comprising:
- introducing a combustible fluid into a combustion space through at least one entry nozzle to form a combustible fluid open jet, the combustible fluid selected from the group consisting of a fuel and a combustible mixture;
- admixing recirculated flue gas from the combustion space to the combustible fluid open jet in order to dilute the open jet and increase temperature of the open jet;
- wherein the increase in temperature is such that the combustible fluid which has been diluted is brought to a temperature which leads to spontaneous ignition thereof;
- and
- wherein flow of the combustible fluid open jet is such that at least part of the flue gas is admixed into the combustible fluid open jet through jet-induced recirculation internally within the combustion space;
- wherein the apparatus comprises:
- a burner of the combustion chamber of the gas turboset comprising the at least one entry nozzle with a fluid feed connected thereto, a front plate, and at least one opening arranged in the front plate;
- wherein the at least one nozzle is arranged at the at least one opening;
- and
- wherein at least two adjacent nozzles comprise swirl generators for generating swirls in opposite directions.
7 more elements
An apparatus for carrying out a method for combustion of a fuel, in particular in a combustion chamber of a gas turboset, the method comprising:
- introducing a combustible fluid into a combustion space through at least one entry nozzle to form a combustible fluid open jet, the combustible fluid selected from the group consisting of a fuel and a combustible mixture;
- admixing recirculated flue gas from the combustion space to the combustible fluid open jet in order to dilute the open jet and increase temperature of the open jet;
- wherein the increase in temperature is such that the combustible fluid which has been diluted is brought to a temperature which leads to spontaneous ignition thereof;
- and
- wherein flow of the combustible fluid open jet is such that at least part of the flue gas is admixed into the combustible fluid open jet through jet-induced recirculation internally within the combustion space;
- wherein the apparatus comprises:
- a burner of the combustion chamber of the gas turboset comprising the at least one entry nozzle with a fluid feed connected thereto, a front plate, and at least one opening arranged in the front plate;
- wherein the at least one nozzle is arranged at the at least one opening;
- and
- wherein at least two nozzles comprise different passage cross sections.
7 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.