Method for the separation of acids from chemical reaction mixtures by means of ionic fluids

A process for removing acids from a reaction mixture using an auxiliary base, which comprises

• (1) conducting a reaction, wherein a reaction mixture comprising a product of value and an acid is obtained, wherein the acid is released during the reaction and/or is present during the reaction, and wherein the auxiliary base is present during the reaction or is added to the reaction mixture following the reaction,
• wherein the reaction is one of (1) a phosphorylation, (2) silylation, (3) sulfurization, (4) acylation with the exception of phosgenations, (5) elimination or (6) substitution,
• wherein the auxiliary base combines with the acid to form a salt which is liquid at temperatures at which the product of value does not significantly decompose during separating of the liquid salt from the product of value, and (a) the liquid salt of the auxiliary base with (b) the product of value or, if the product of value is entirely or substantially miscible with the salt, a solution of the product of value obtained by combining it with a solvent that reduces miscibility with the salt, forms two immiscible liquid phases, one phase containing (a) and the other phase containing (b), and
• (2) separating the two immiscible phases from each other,
• wherein the auxiliary base is selected from the group consisting of the formulae (a) to (r),
• where
• R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are each independently C1-C18-alkyl, or C2-C18-alkyl, C6-C12-aryl, C5-C12-cycloalkyl, each of which may optionally be interrupted by one or more oxygen and/or sulfur atoms and/or one or more substituted or unsubstituted imino groups, or a five- to six-membered, oxygen, nitrogen and/or sulfur atom-containing heterocycle, where the stated radicals in each case may be substituted by functional groups, aryl, alkyl, aryloxy, alkyloxy, halogen, heteroatoms and/or heterocycles, or R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are each independently hydrogen, dimethylamino, diethylamino or chlorine, and wherein pyridines (a) being those where one of the radicals R1 to R5 is methyl, ethyl or chlorine and the rest are all hydrogen, or R3 is dimethylamino and the rest are hydrogen, or R2 is carboxyl or carboxamide and all the others are hydrogen, or R1 and R2 combined or R2 and R3 combined are 1,4-buta-1,3-dienylene and all the others are hydrogen.