Method of simulating the sedimentary deposition in a basin respecting the thicknesses of the sedimentary sequences

A method for forming a model of a spatial distribution of a lithologic composition of sediments deposited in a sedimentary basin having sedimentary sequences, and a temporal evolution of bathymetry, comprising:

• estimating, from interpretations of measurements resulting from seismic surveys and well data, input data comprising:
• maps giving current thicknesses of the sedimentary sequences;
• a map of initial topography of a basement of the sedimentary basin;
• a distribution of a sedimentary supply in the basin, comprising at least descriptions of location in space, lithologic composition, and evolution of supply volume in time during filling of the basin;
• and
• diffusion coefficient values characterizing transport of the sediments to the basin;
• and
• establishing the three-dimensional map by applying the input data to a first iterative inversion procedure, comprising:
• calculating a thickness of each of the sequences by solving instationary diffusive transport equations;
• updating an accommodation at an end of each of the sequences by applying a second iterative procedure, comprising calculating a residue between current thicknesses of the sedimentary sequences and calculated thicknesses, and correcting the accommodation by preconditioning the residue until a sufficiently low residue is obtained on the thicknesses;
• and
• locating hydrocarbon reservoirs from the three-dimensional map.