# US 7,289,404 B2 · Write-once recording medium and defective area management method and apparatus for write-once recording medium > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 7,289,404 B2 - Document ID: US7289404B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 10/670,374 - Filed: 2003-09-26 - Published: 2004-09-16 - Granted: 2007-10-30 - Earliest claimed: 2003-03-13 - Assignees: LG Electronics Inc. - Inventors: Yong Cheol Park; Sung Dae Kim - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7289404B2 ## CPC - G11B 20/1883: {Methods for assignment of alternate areas for defective areas} - G11B 7/00375: {arrangements for detection of physical defects, e.g. of recording layer} - G11B 7/00736: {Auxiliary data, e.g. lead-in, lead-out, Power Calibration Area [PCA], Burst Cutting Area [BCA], control information (sector headers or adresses in prepits G11B7/00745; address data in track wobble G11B7/24082)} - G11B 7/00745: {Sectoring or header formats within a track (formats in general G11B20/12)} - G11B 7/0053: {Reproducing non-user data, e.g. wobbled address, prepits, BCA} - G11B 7/24038: Multiple laminated recording layers - G11B 2020/1873: {Temporary defect structures for write-once discs, e.g. TDDS, TDMA or TDFL} - G11B 2220/20: Disc-shaped record carriers - G11B 2220/218: Write-once discs - G11B 2220/2541: Blu-ray discs; Blue laser DVR discs - G11B: INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER (recording measured values in a way that does not require playback through a transducer G01D9/00; recording or playback apparatus using mechanically marked tape, e.g. punched paper tape, or using unit records, e.g. punched or magnetically marked cards G06K; transferring data from one type of record carrier to another G06K1/18; circuits for coupling output of reproducer to radio receiver H04B1/20; gramophone pick-ups or like acoustic electromechanical transducers or circuits therefor H04R) ## Abstract A method of managing defects on a write-once optical recording medium having at least one recording layer is disclosed. The method of managing defects on the at least one recording layer comprises the steps of allocating at least one replacement area and a plurality of temporary defect management areas to the optical recording medium, wherein the temporary defect management areas are separately provided, and recording defect management information on at least one of the plurality of temporary defect management areas. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of managing defects on an optical recording medium having at least one final defect management area, the method comprising the steps of: allocating at least one spare area to the recording medium, and at least one temporary defect management area to the spare area when a plurality of temporary defect management areas are to be separately provided; recording defect management information on at least one of the plurality of temporary defect management areas wherein the temporary defect management area is used until the recording medium is finalized; and recording the defect management information from the at least one temporary defect management area to the at least one final defect management area when the recording medium is finalized. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of managing of claim 1, wherein in the allocating step, one of the plurality of temporary defect management areas is provided at a beginning portion of a data area and one of the plurality of temporary defect management areas is provided at an ending portion of said data area of the optical recording medium. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of managing of claim 1, wherein the step of allocating further comprises: allocating at least one inner spare area, at least a portion of which is used as a replacement area to replace a defective area; allocating at least one outer spare area, a portion of which is used as a replacement area to replace a defective area; and allocating a portion of at least one of the at least one outer spare area and the at least one inner spare area as the temporary defect management area to manage the defect management information. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of managing of claim 3, wherein in the step of allocating, the at least one inner spare area includes a first inner spare area, an entire allocated area of which is used to replace a defective area. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The method of managing of claim 3, wherein in the step of allocating, the at least one inner spare area includes a first inner spare area allocated to a beginning portion of a data area, and the at least one outer spare area includes a first outer spare area allocated to an ending portion of the data area. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of managing of claim 1, wherein in the step of allocating, one of the temporary defect management areas is allocated to a lead-in area, and another one of the temporary defect management areas is allocated to an outer spare area. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of managing of claim 1, wherein in the step of allocating, the first and second ones of the temporary defect management areas are allocated to an inner spare area and an outer spare area of the optical recording medium respectively. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of managing of claim 1, wherein in the step of allocating, the optical recording medium has at least two recording layers, a first recording layer which includes a temporary defect management area having a fixed size and a temporary defect management area having a variable size, and a second recording layer which includes a temporary defect management area having a fixed size and at least one temporary defect management area having a variable size. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of managing of claim 8, wherein the temporary defect management areas having a fixed size are located in a lead-in area of the first and second recording layers, respectively, and the temporary defect management areas having a variable size are located in an outer spare area of the first and second recording layers, respectively. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The method of managing of claim 8, wherein the temporary defect management areas having a fixed size are located in an inner spare area of the first and second recording layers, respectively, and the temporary defect management areas having a variable size are located at an outer spare area of the first and second recording layers, respectively. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The method of managing of claim 9, wherein in the step of allocating, the first recording layer includes a first inner spare area, an entire area of which is used to replace a defective area and the outer spare area having a variably allocated size, and the second recording layer includes a second inner spare area and the outer spare area. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of managing of claim 1, wherein in the step of recording, said defect management information includes at least one temporary defect list (TDFL) and at least one temporary disc definition structure (TDDS). ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The method of managing of claim 1, wherein the plurality of temporary defect management areas are used sequentially with respect to one another. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The method of managing of claim 1, wherein the first and second ones of the temporary defect management areas are used randomly without priority with respect to one another. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) The method of managing of claim 12, wherein the at least one temporary defect list and the at least one temporary disc definition structure are separated. ### Claim 16 (depends on 12) The method of managing of claim 12, wherein the at least one temporary defect list and the at least one temporary disc definition structure are integrated. ### Claim 17 (depends on 12) The method of managing of claim 12, wherein information providing notification of which area among the temporary defect management areas is full is indicated by a full flag. ### Claim 18 (depends on 12) The method of managing of claim 12, wherein the size of each of the temporary defect management areas is recorded in the TDDS. ### Claim 19 An apparatus for managing defects on an optical recording medium having at least one final defect management area, the apparatus comprising: means for allocating at least one spare area to the recording medium, and at least one temporary defect management area to the spare area when a plurality of temporary defect management areas are to be separately provided; means for recording defect management information on at least one of the plurality of temporary defect management areas, wherein the temporary defect management area is used until the recording medium is finalized; and means for recording the defect management information from the at least one temporary defect management area to the at least one final defect management area when the recording medium is finalized. ### Claim 20 An optical recording medium comprising: a data area for allocating at least one spare area including at least one replacement area, and allocating at least one temporary defect management area to the spare area when a plurality of temporary defect management areas are to be separately provided, wherein the temporary defect management area is used until the recording medium is finalized; and at least one final defect management area for storing the defect management information, wherein the defect management information from the at least one temporary defect management area is recorded to the at least one final defect management area when the recording medium is finalized. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The optical recording medium of claim 20, wherein one of the plurality of temporary defect management areas is provided at a beginning portion of the data area and one of the plurality of temporary defect management areas is provided at an ending portion of said data area of the optical recording medium. ### Claim 22 (depends on 20) The optical recording medium of claim 20, further comprising: at least one inner spare area in the data area, at least a portion of which is used as a replacement area to replace a defective area; and at least one outer spare area in the data area, a portion of which is used as a replacement area to replace a defective area, wherein a portion of at least one of the at least one outer spare area and the at least one inner spare is used area as the temporary defect management area to manage the defect management information. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The optical recording medium of claim 22, wherein the at least one inner spare area includes a first inner spare area, an entire allocated area of which is used to replace a defective area. ### Claim 24 (depends on 22) The optical recording medium of claim 22, wherein the at least one inner spare area includes a first inner spare area allocated to a beginning portion of the data area, and the at least one outer spare area includes a first outer spare area allocated to an ending portion of the data area. ### Claim 25 (depends on 20) The optical recording medium of claim 20, further comprising: a inner spare area and an outer spare area, both in the data area, wherein the first and second ones of the temporary defect management areas are allocated to the inner spare area and the outer spare area of the optical recording medium, respectively. ### Claim 26 (depends on 20) The optical recording medium of claim 20, wherein the optical recording medium has at least two recording layers, a first recording layer which includes a temporary defect management area having a fixed size and a temporary defect management area having a variable size, and a second recording layer which includes a temporary defect management area having a fixed size and at least one temporary defect management area having a variable size. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) The optical recording medium of claim 26, wherein the temporary defect management areas having a fixed size are located in a lead-in area of the first and second recording layers, respectively, and the temporary defect management areas having a variable size are located in an outer spare area of the first and second recording layers, respectively. ### Claim 28 (depends on 26) The optical recording medium of claim 26, wherein the temporary defect management areas having a fixed size are located in an inner spare area of the first and second recording layers, respectively, and the temporary defect management areas having a variable size are located at an outer spare area of the first and second recording layers, respectively. ### Claim 29 (depends on 27) The optical recording medium of claim 27, wherein the first recording layer includes a first inner spare area, an entire area of which is used to replace a defective area and the outer spare area having a variably allocated size, and the second recording layer includes a second inner spare area and the outer spare area. ### Claim 30 (depends on 20) The optical recording medium of claim 20, wherein said defect management information includes at least one temporary defect list (TDFL) and at least one temporary disc definition structure (TDDS). ### Claim 31 (depends on 30) The optical recording medium of claim 30, wherein the at least one temporary defect list and the at least one temporary disc definition structure are separated. ### Claim 32 (depends on 30) The optical recording medium of claim 30, wherein the at least one temporary defect list and the at least one temporary disc definition structure are integrated. ### Claim 33 (depends on 30) The optical recording medium of claim 30, wherein the size of each of the temporary defect management areas is recorded in the TDDS.