# US 7,258,810 B2 · In-situ oxidized textured surfaces for prosthetic devices and method of making same

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- Number: US 7,258,810 B2
- Document ID: US7258810B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 10/313,205
- Filed: 2002-12-06
- Published: 2003-07-03
- Granted: 2007-08-21
- Earliest claimed: 2001-12-06
- Assignees: Smith & Nephew, Inc.
- Inventors: Gordon Hunter; Randy Fesmire; Harsh Gupta; Daniel Heuer
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US7258810B2

## CPC

- A61L 31/022: {Metals or alloys}
- A61F 2/30767: {Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth}
- A61L 27/04: Metals or alloys
- A61L 27/047: {Other specific metals or alloys not covered by A61L27/042 - A61L27/045 or A61L27/06}
- C23C 8/02: Pretreatment of the material to be coated (C23C8/04 takes precedence)
- C23C 8/04: Treatment of selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
- C23C 8/10: Oxidising
- A61B 17/80: Cortical plates {, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates}
- A61B 17/86: Pins or screws {or threaded wires; nuts therefor (A61B17/72 take precedence)}
- A61F 2/3094: {Designing or manufacturing processes}
- A61F 2/32: for the hip
- A61F 2/34: Acetabular cups
- A61F 2/36: Femoral heads {; Femoral endoprostheses}
- A61F 2/3662: {Femoral shafts}
- A61F 2/367: {Proximal or metaphyseal parts of shafts (trochanteric devices connected to said proximal parts A61F2/30739)}
- A61F 2/38: for elbows or knees
- A61F 2/3804: {for elbows}
- A61F 2/3859: {Femoral components}
- A61F 2/389: {Tibial components (A61F2/3868 takes precedence)}
- A61F 2/40: for shoulders
- A61F 2/4241: {for hands, e.g. fingers}
- A61F 2/44: for the spine, e.g. vertebrae or spinal discs
- A61F 2/442: {Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient (non-disc-shaped intervertebral inflatable pockets A61F2/441; non-disc-shaped intervertebral fusion implants A61F2/4455)}
- A61F 2002/30322: {differing in surface structures}
- A61F 2002/30332: {Conically- or frustoconically-shaped protrusion and recess}
- A61F 2002/30878: {with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts}
- A61F 2002/30892: {parallel}
- A61F 2002/30909: {Nets}
- A61F 2002/30922: {Hardened surfaces}
- A61F 2002/30925: {etched}
- A61F 2002/3611: {Heads or epiphyseal parts of femur}
- A61F 2002/3625: {Necks}
- A61F 2002/365: {Connections of heads to necks}
- A61F 2220/0033: made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementary-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
- A61F 2250/0026: differing in surface structures
- A61F 2310/00023: Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
- A61F 2310/00089: Zirconium or Zr-based alloys
- A61F 2310/00095: Niobium or Nb-based alloys
- A61F 2310/00125: Hafnium or Hf-based alloys
- A61F 2310/00131: Tantalum or Ta-based alloys
- A61F 2310/00634: Coating made of zirconium oxide or hydroxides
- A61L 2400/18: Modification of implant surfaces in order to improve biocompatibility, cell growth, fixation of biomolecules, e.g. plasma treatment
- A61L: METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES (preservation of bodies or disinfecting characterised by the agents employed A01N; preserving, e.g. sterilising, food or foodstuffs A23; preparations for medical, dental or toiletry purposes A61K)
- A61F: FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS (dental prosthetics A61C)
- C23C: COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL (making metal-coated products by extrusion B21C23/22; covering with metal by connecting pre-existing layers to articles, see the relevant places, e.g. B21D39/00, B23K; metallising of glass C03C; metallising mortars, concrete, artificial stone, ceramics or natural stone C04B41/00; enamelling of, or applying a vitreous layer to, metals C23D; treating metal surfaces or coating of metals by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25D; single-crystal film growth C30B; by metallising textiles D06M11/83; decorating textiles by locally metallising D06Q1/04)
- A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D)

## Abstract

A textured surface and oxidation layer coating on a metallic material is accomplished through the chemical and/or electrochemical etching of the surface to modify the surface texture and an in-situ oxidation procedure. The surface is useful for the fabrication of prosthetic devices, particularly medical implants, due to the corrosion and wear resistance imparted by the oxidation layer and the ability to enhance grafting of the implant onto bone imparted by the surface texture.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of producing a modified surface on a metallic medical implant comprising the steps of: modifying the texture of at least a portion of the surface of said metallic medical implant to a roughness of Rmax of about 0.4 mm or greater to form a texture-modified surface; and, oxidizing at least a portion of the texture-modified surface of said metallic medical implant to form a texture-modified, diffusion hardened surface on said metallic medical implant.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein said step of modifying comprises a chemical or electrochemical etching.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2 wherein said etching comprises etching with acid.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2 wherein said etching comprises the further step of applying a maskant to the surface of the metallic medical implant.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4 wherein the maskant is randomly applied.

### Claim 6 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4 wherein said step of applying a maskant comprises the step of spraying or sputtering of maskant onto said surface of said metallic medical implant.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6 wherein said step of spraying or sputtering comprises a random application of maskant.

### Claim 8 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4 wherein said step of applying a maskant to the surface of the metallic medical implant is characterized by fully covering said surface with said maskant and thereafter partially removing a portion of said maskant.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8 wherein said step of partially removing comprises the step of laser ablating a portion of said maskant.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein said step of oxidizing comprises air, steam, or water oxidation processes.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the metallic surface comprises zirconium or zirconium alloy.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11 wherein said zirconium alloy is selected from the group consisting of: zirconium with up to about 4.5 percent by weight hafnium and up to about 3.0 percent by weight niobium; zirconium with up to about 4.5 percent by weight hafnium; zirconium with 2.5 to 2.8 percent by weight niobium; and; titanium with about 13 percent by weight niobium and about 13 percent by weight zirconium.