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AssigneeAventis Pharmaceuticals Inc.
InventorsGregory M. Shutske, James A. Hendrix, John G. Jurcak, Brian S. Freed, Nicholas J. Hrib, John D. Tomer, IV, Reda G. Hanna
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The compounds are of the class of benzisoxazolyl-, pyridoisoxazolyl- and benzthienyl-phenoxy derivatives, useful as D4 antagonists. Said compounds are useful for the treatment of medical conditions mediated by inhibition of D4 receptor. These conditions comprise, for example, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Psychoses, Substance Abuse, Substance Dependence, Parkinson's Disease, Parkinsonism, Tardive Diskinesia, Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome, Conduct Disorder, and Oppositional Defiant Disorder. A further aspect of the invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition, intermediates, and a method of making said class of compounds.
A compound of Formula I:
A compound which is (R)-1-diethylamino-3-[4-(6-fluoro-benzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)-phenoxy]-propan-2-ol.
A compound which is (R)-1-(1-benzyl-piperidin-4-ylamino)-3-[4-(6-fluoro-benzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)-phenoxy]-propan-2-ol.
A compound which is (S)-1-(1-benzyl-piperidin-4-ylamino)-3-[4-(6-fluoro-benzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)-phenoxy]-propan-2-ol.
A method of making a compound of Formula I:
A method of making a compound of Formula I:
A method of making a compound of Formula I:
A method of making a compound of Formula I:
A method of making a compound of Formula I:
A method of of making a compound of Formula I:
A method of making a compound of Formula I:
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.
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Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings: condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
With only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring: radicals…
Containing two hetero rings: linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
Containing two hetero rings: linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
Term ended 10 Mar 2024 (estimated)
The present invention comprises compounds of Formula I useful as therapeutic agents for conditions treated by antagonizing D4 receptor stimulation, e.g., Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Psychoses. Intermediates, method of making the compounds and methods of using the compounds are also claimed.
The relatively new science of molecular biology has allowed new insights into the mechanisms of CNS diseases via the isolation and cloning of receptor subtypes. Thus, while earlier functional studies had distinguished only two subtypes of dopamine receptor, to date five distinct subtypes have been identified. The dopamine D4 receptor was first cloned in 1991 by Van Tol, Seeman, Civelli, et al. and shown to be localized in the limbic regions of the brain, areas associated with cognitive and emotional behaviors (Van Tol, H. H. M.; Bunzow, J. R.; Guan, H-C.; Sunahara, R. K.; P. Seeman, Niznik, H. B.; Civelli, O.; Cloning of the gene for a human dopamine D4 receptor with high affinity for the antipsychotic clozapine. Nature 1991, 350, 610.)
The D4 receptor was also localized to the frontal cortex implying a role in cognition and executive function. Furthermore, it has been reported that the selective D4 antagonist NGD-94-1 caused improvement in performance retention in a passive avoidance test in rodents and improved performance in a spatial water maze task. (Tallman, J. NGD-94-1; A Specific Dopamine D4 Antagonist. Catecholamines-Bridging Basic Science with Clinical Medicine. Goldstein, D. S.; Eisenhofer, G.; McCarty, R., Eds.; Academic Press: New York, 1997). The effects of this compound in these assays are consistent with the anatomical localization of the D4 receptor in the cortex, hippocampus and thalamus.
Terms used herein have the following meanings: a) “Pharmaceutically acceptable salts” means either an acid addition salt or a basic addition salt which is compatible with the treatment of patients for the intended use.
“Pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt” is any non-toxic organic or inorganic acid addition salt of the base compounds represented by Formula I or any of its intermediates. Illustrative inorganic acids which form suitable salts include hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric and phosphoric acid and acid metal salts such as sodium monohydrogen orthophosphate and potassium hydrogen sulfate. Illustrative organic acids which form suitable salts include the mono-, di- and tri-carboxylic acids. Illustrative of such acids are, for example, acetic, glycolic, lactic, pyruvic, malonic, succinic, glutaric, fumaric, malic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic, maleic, hydroxymaleic, benzoic, hydroxybenzoic, phenylacetic, cinnamic, salicyclic, 2-phenoxybenzoic, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and sulfonic acids such as methanesulfonic acid, naphthalene sulfonic acid, and 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid. Either the mono- or di-acid salts can be formed, and such salts can exist in either a hydrated solvated or substantially anhydrous form. In general, the acid addition salts of these compounds are more soluble in water and various hydrophilic organic solvents. Furthermore, in comparison to their free base forms, the acid addition salts generally demonstrate higher melting points.
“Pharmaceutically acceptable basic addition salts” means non-toxic organic or inorganic basic addition salts of the compounds of Formula (I) or any of its intermediates. Examples are alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal hydroxides such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium or barium hydroxides; ammonia, and aliphatic, alicyclic, or aromatic organic amines such as methylamine, trimethylamine and picoline. The selection criteria for the appropriate salt will be known to one skilled in the art. b) “Stereoisomers” is a general term for all isomers of the individual molecules that differ only in the orientation of their atoms in space. It includes mirror image isomers (enantiomers), geometric (cis/trans) isomers, and isomers of compounds with more than one chiral center that are not mirror images of one another (diastereoisomers). c) “Alkyl” as used herein means a branched or straight chain alkyl (monovalent) or alkylene (divalent) hydrocarbon radical, as is appropriate to the formula, specified by the amount of carbons in the alkyl, e.g., C1-6 alkyl means a one, two, three, four, five or six carbon branched or straight chain alkyl or alkylene, as the case may be, or any ranges thereof, for example, but not limited to C1-2, C1-3, C1-4, C1-5, C2-3, C2-4, C2-5, C2-6, C3-4, C3-5, C3-6, C4-5, C4-6, C5-6, etc. d) “Patient” means a warm blooded animal, such as for example rat, mice, dogs, cats, guinea pigs, and primates such as humans. e) “Treat” or “treating” means to alleviate symptoms, eliminate the causation of the symptoms either on a temporary or permanent basis, or to prevent or slow the appearance of symptoms of the named disorder or condition. f) “Therapeutically effective amount” means a quantity of the compound which is effective in treating the named disorder or condition. g) “Pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” is a non-toxic solvent, dispersant, excipient, adjuvant or other material which is mixed with the active ingredient in order to permit the formation of a pharmaceutical composition, i.e., a dosage form capable of administration to the patient. One example of such a carrier is a pharmaceutically acceptable oil typically used for parenteral administration. h) “Psychoses” means conditions wherein the patient experiences a major mental disorder of organic and/or emotional origin characterized by derangement of the personality and loss of contact with reality, often with delusions, halucinations or illusions. Representative examples of psychotic illnesses include schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, brief psychotic disorder, shared psychotic disorder, psychotic disorder not otherwise specified, and substance-induced psychotic disorder. See Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed., American Psychiatric Association, incorporated herein by reference. i) “Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder” or “ADHD” means a condition wherein the patient exhibits a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that is more frequent and severe than is typically observed in individuals at a comparable level of development. It includes ADHD Combined Type, ADHD Predominantly Inattentive Type, and ADHD Predominantly hyperactive-Impulsive Type. j) “Conduct Disorder” means a disorder wherein the patient exhibits a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated. These behaviors fall into four main groupings: aggressive conduct that causes or threatens physical harm to other people or animals, nonaggressive conduct that causes property loss or damage, deceitfulness or theft, and serious violations of rules. k) “Oppositional Defiant Disorder” means a disorder wherein the patient exhibits some of the patterns of behavior observed in Conduct Disorder (e.g., disobedience and opposition to authority figures), however it does not include the persistent pattern of the more serious forms of behavior in which either the basic rights of others or age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated. l) “Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder” or “OCD” means a condition wherein the patient exhibits recurrent obsessions or compulsions that are severe enough to be time consuming (i.e., take more than an hour a day) or cause marked distress or significant impairment. Obsessions are persistent ideas, thoughts, impulses, or images that are experienced as intrusive and inappropriate and that cause marked anxiety or distress. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors (e.g, hand washing, ordering, checking) or mental acts (e.g., praying, counting, repeating words silently) the goal of which is to prevent or reduce anxiety or distress, not to provide pleasure or gratification. m) “Substance Dependence” means a condition wherein the patient exhibits a maladaptive pattern of substance use, leading to clinically significant impairment or distress. There is a pattern of repeated self-administration that usually results in tolerance, withdrawal, and compulsive drug-taking. n) “Substance Abuse” means a condition wherein the patient exhibits a maladaptive pattern of substance use manifested by recurrent and significant adverse consequences related to the repeated use of substances. There may be repeated failure to fulfill major role obligations, repeated use in situations in which it is physically hazardous, multiple legal problems, and recurrent social and interpersonal problems. Unlike the criteria for Substance Dependence, the criteria for Substance Abuse do not include tolerance, withdrawal, or a pattern of compulsive use and instead only include the harmful consequences of repeated use. o) “Parkinson's Disease” means a slowly progressive neurological condition, characterized by tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Other manifestations include depression and dementia. p) “Parkinsonism” means a condition where the patient exhibits parkinsonian signs or symptoms (i.e. tremor, muscular rigidity, or akinesia) that develop in association with the use of neuroleptic medication. q) “Neuroleptic-Induced Tardive Dyskinesia” means a disorder characterized by involuntary movements of the tongue, jaw, trunk, or extremities which have developed in association with the use of neuroleptic medication. The involuntary movements may be choreiform, athetoid or rhythmic. r) “Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome” means a condition manifested by motor and vocal tics. (A tic is a sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic, stereotyped motor movement or vocalization.) The disturbance causes marked distress or significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. The onset is before age eighteen years and the disturbance is not due to the physiological effects of a substance or general medical condition. s) Unless otherwise specified, “halo” or “halogen” means Cl, Br, F and I. t) “Aryl sulfonyl” means the radical: