Regeneration, pretreatment and precipitation of oxides of manganese

A method of rapid and adaptive regeneration of loaded oxides of manganese particles bearing manganese salt reaction products on the surface of the particles, the reaction products being formed by reaction between target pollutants and virgin oxides of manganese, comprising the steps of:

• feeding the loaded oxides of manganese into a regeneration vessel containing a heated aqueous oxidizing solution under agitation and mixing the solution to form a slurry containing manganese cations and anions of manganese salt which have been dissolved and disassociated into the solution, the solution being prepared so as to have Eh and pH values within the MnO2 stability area of an aqueous solution heated to a temperature at or near boiling temperature at atmospheric pressure and being heated to a temperature at or near the boiling temperature;
• and
• monitoring and adjusting solution temperature, Eh value and pH value so as to rapidly move solution conditions into and to maintain them within the MnO2 stability area;
• and
• maintaining the solution conditions within the MnO2 stability area so as to precipitate the manganese cations out of solution as precipitated oxides of manganese and so as to regenerate the oxide of manganese particles;
• the precipitated and regenerated oxides of manganese having loading capacities and/or average oxidation states at least equal to that of the virgin oxides of manganese with which the target pollutants were reacted.

A method of rapid and adaptive pre-treatment of virgin oxides of manganese to increase their loading capacity and/or their average oxidation state, comprising the steps of:

• optionally rinsing the virgin oxides of manganese in an aqueous rinse solution to remove impurities;
• feeding the virgin oxides of manganese into a regeneration vessel containing a heated aqueous oxidizing solution under agitation and mixing the solution to form a slurry, the solution being prepared so as to have Eh and pH values within the MnO2 stability area for an aqueous solution heated to a temperature at or near boiling temperature at atmospheric pressure;
• and
• monitoring and adjusting solution temperature, Eh value and pH value so as to rapidly move solution conditions into and to maintain them within the MnO2 stability area;
• and
• maintaining the solution conditions within the MnO2 stability area until pretreated oxides of manganese obtain pollutant loading capacities and/or average oxidation states greater than that of the virgin oxides of manganese originally fed into the pretreatment vessel.

A method for rapid and adaptive precipitation of oxides of manganese having high loading capacities and/or high oxidation states, comprising:

• mixing a heated solution containing cations and anions of disassociated manganese salts and a heated aqueous oxidizing solution in a precipitation vessel to form a solution mixture, the heated aqueous oxidizing solution being prepared so as to have Eh and pH values within the MnO2 stability area of an aqueous solution heated to a temperature at or near boiling temperature at atmospheric pressure and being heated to a temperature at or near the boiling temperature;
• monitoring and adjusting the temperature, Eh value and pH value of the solution mixture so as to rapidly move mixture conditions into and to maintain them within the MnO2 stability area;
• and
• maintaining the solution conditions within the MnO2 stability area so as to precipitate the manganese cations out of solution as precipitated oxides of manganese having high loading capacities and/or high average oxidation states.

A method of rapid and adaptive regeneration of loaded oxides of manganese particles bearing manganese salt reaction products on the surface of the particles, the reaction products being formed by reaction between target pollutants and virgin oxides of manganese, with rapid and adaptive precipitation of oxides of manganese, comprising the steps of:

• rinsing the loaded oxides of manganese in a pre-oxidation aqueous rinse solution to dissolve reaction products into solution, thereby removing reaction products from the surface of the oxides of manganese;
• separating or filtering the rinsed oxides of manganese from the solution to form a pre-oxidation filtrate;
• feeding the rinsed oxides of manganese into a regeneration vessel containing a heated aqueous oxidizing solution under agitation and mixing the solution to form a slurry, the solution being prepared so as to have Eh and pH values within the MnO2 stability area for an aqueous solution heated to a temperature at or near boiling temperature at atmospheric pressure;
• monitoring and adjusting solution temperature, Eh value and pH value in the regeneration vessel so as to rapidly move solution conditions into and to maintain them within the MnO2 stability area;
• maintaining the solution conditions within the MnO2 stability area until the oxides of manganese are regenerated so as to have pollutant loading capacity and/or average oxidation states at least equal to that of the virgin oxides of manganese with which the target pollutants were reacted;
• mixing the pre-oxidation filtrate with an a heated aqueous oxidizing solution under agitation in a precipitation vessel to form a solution mixture, the solution being prepared so as to have Eh and pH values within the MnO2 stability area for an aqueous solution heated to a temperature at or near boiling temperature at atmospheric pressure and heated to a temperature at or near the boiling temperature;
• monitoring and adjusting temperature, Eh value and pH value of the solution mixture so as to rapidly move mixture conditions into and to maintain them within the MnO2 stability area;
• and
• maintaining the solution conditions within the MnO2 stability area so as to precipitate the manganese cations out of solution as precipitated oxides of manganese having high loading capacities and/or high average oxidation states.