Wind and solar power plant with variable high speed rotor trains

A wind and solar power plant with variable high speed rotor trains, comprising:

• a) a building, said building comprising a base and an imaginary vertical axis of symmetry, said vertical axis having a point near said base, defining a lower level of the building, and a point, defining a roof and a height of the building;
• a plurality of stability belts, positioned horizontally one above another along said height of the building, spaced apart and distributed between said roof and said base at different levels of the building;
• each of said stability belts comprising:
• an upper horizontal deck, having a shape of a polygon with equal vertical sides, equal angles between said sides, said vertical sides define a perimeter of said upper deck;
• a lower horizontal deck, also having shape of a polygon with the same number of equal angles between vertical sides;
• said vertical sides of a bigger size than of said upper deck;
• vertical walls, connecting said upper deck with said lower deck and forming a balcony along said perimeter of the lower deck and an inner space behind said vertical walls;
• said inner space further characterized as a place for electrical and mechanical equipment, for storage and maintenance;
• said inner space further characterized as having additional vertical walls, providing structural rigidity to said stability belts;
• a plurality of vertical pillars, secured between said stability belts near said angles of said polygons, providing vertical and horizontal integrity to the building;
• the exact number of said pillars and their cross sectional dimension chosen minimal for developing a less possible interference with the wind;
• a plurality of air concourses, formed between said stability belts and between said pillars;
• said air concourses opened for the wind flow from every direction;
• each of said air concourses having a floor, provided by the horizontal deck of the stability belt, located below and a ceiling, provided by the stability belt, located above thereof;
• said ceiling covered with a laminated layer for diminishing friction with the wind flow;
• b) a plurality of rotor trains, mounted in the building, one rotor train in each of said air concourses;
• each of said rotor trains having an imaginary vertical plane of symmetry, passing through said imaginary vertical axis of the building, said imaginary vertical plane defining one side of all parts of said rotor train, facing the prevailing direction of the wind, as a front side;
• the opposite side, as a back side;
• and the sides, positioned from both sides of said plane of symmetry, as lateral sides;
• each of said rotor trains comprising:
• a turntable, rotated on said floor of said air concourse;
• said turntable having a vertical axis of rotation concentric with said vertical axis of the building;
• said turntable having a servomotor for rotating the rotor train towards the prevailing direction of the wind;
• said turntable covered with a laminated layer for diminishing friction with the wind flow;
• a supportive structure, mounted on said turntable;
• means for intercepting the wind and for transforming the power of the wind into rotational torque;
• said means comprising a plurality of rotors, positioned in an upper and a lower lines;
• each rotor having a horizontal axis of rotation perpendicular to said vertical plane of symmetry and rotated on bearing assemblies, mounted on said supportive structure from both sides of the rotors;
• each of said rotors having side disks on both sides of the rotor;
• blades, attached to said side disks and half shafts, connected with said side disks and supported by said bearing assemblies;
• said bearing assemblies mounted along the upper and lower lines on said turntable;
• said rotors having equal distance between said disks along said horizontal axes of rotation, defining the length of the rotors;
• each of said blades of the rotors further characterized as having a front side with an outer end, defining an outer radius and an outer circle of the rotor and an inner end, defining an inner radius and an inner circle of the rotor;
• the number of blades of said rotors chosen to be enough to leave at least one blade outside of any tangential plane to said inner circle;
• said lines of rotors further characterized as having a first rotor positioned in said lower line, facing the prevailing wind;
• said first rotor positioned farthermost from said vertical axis of rotation of said turntable;
• said lower line of rotors further characterized as having said rotors positioned one after another at equal distance from each other;
• all the rotors of said lower line having said front side of the blades facing the wind above said horizontal axes of rotation thereof;
• said upper line of rotors further characterized as having the first rotor positioned partially behind and partially above said first rotor of said lower line;
• all other rotors of both lines positioned respectively behind said first rotors;
• means for accelerating and guiding the wind flow;
• said means comprising:
• a shroud, shaped as a hollow conduit having a rectangular cross-section perpendicular to said vertical plane of symmetry;
• said shroud having an upper side, a lower side, an open front vertical side, defining an entrance of the shroud, an open back side, defining an exit of the shroud and two lateral sides, defining the vertical walls of the shroud;
• said walls spaced apart and positioned parallel to said vertical plane of symmetry between said bearing assemblies and said side disks of the rotors, said vertical walls having openings, allowing said central half shafts of said rotors to protrude laterally towards said bearing assemblies, said vertical walls bent behind the last rotors from said back side and diverged laterally outwardly symmetrically to each other at an angle no bigger than 15 degrees from said vertical plane of symmetry;
• an upper plate and a lower plate, defined by said upper and said lower sides of the shroud;
• said plates connecting said vertical walls, encasing said lines of rotors;
• said upper and said lower plates having a front side, a back side and two lateral sides, partially diverged laterally and outwardly to said back side to connect said vertical walls;
• said plates positioned at some distance from said turntable and said ceiling providing an open space for an unobstructed wind flow;
• said upper and said lower plates having a horizontal distance between said front sides and said back sides of the plates defining a length of the shroud, a vertical distance between said front sides as a height of said entrance and a distance between said back sides as a height of the exit of the shroud;
• each of said upper and said lower plates of the shroud further characterized as having a part of said length of the plate positioned in horizontal plane, and the remaining parts of said plate bent at horizontal line and diverged backwardly at an angle from zero to 15 degrees from said horizontal plane, pointing upwardly for said upper plate and pointing downwardly for said lower plate;
• a wind tunnel, mounted inside of said shroud between said vertical walls and said upper and said lower plates;
• said wind tunnel having an entrance for the wind located at said entrance of the shroud, a contracted in vertical direction middle part, defined as a wind way, and an exit for the wind, positioned at said exit of the shroud;
• said entrance of said wind tunnel further defined as a nozzle, gradually contracting vertically the wind flow, separated from the ambient wind by said vertical walls of the shroud;
• said nozzle having a lower nozzle panel and an upper nozzle panel, both panels having front sides, back sides and lateral sides, said lower nozzle panel rotated around a horizontal axis positioned near the front side of said lower plate, and said back side positioned above the horizontal axis of rotation of said first rotor, covering from the wind a part of said first rotor, located below of said back side;
• said lower nozzle panel further characterized as positioned at an angle no bigger than 40 degrees and preferably about 30 degrees to the horizontal level;
• said upper nozzle panel mounted between said vertical walls at an angle to said upper plate no bigger than 25 degrees declining to the horizontal level slightly above said outer circle of the first rotor of the lower line, providing an air gap above said outer circle;
• said back side of the upper nozzle panel fixed slightly before said outer circle and said front side fixed to said front side of said upper plate;
• said wind way of said wind tunnel further characterized as comprising an upper line of guiding plates, fixed between said vertical walls of the shroud at a horizontal level below said horizontal axes of rotation of the rotors of the upper line and above said outer circles of the rotors of the lower lines;
• a lower line of guiding plates, fixed at a horizontal level below said outer circles of the rotors of the lower line above said horizontal axes of rotation thereof, each one of said rotors of both lines having an opposing guiding plate and an air gap with thereof;
• each of said guiding plates having a front side, a back side and two lateral sides;
• the first guiding plate of said upper line connecting said front side thereof with said back side of said upper nozzle panel;
• said rotors rotating between said front sides and said back sides of the guiding plates, having at any time at least one blade of each rotor protruding into the wind way downwardly for said upper line of rotors and upwardly for said lower line of rotors, causing rotation of said rotors of the upper line in a clock-wise direction, and rotation in a counter-clockwise direction of the rotors of the lower line;
• said wind way further characterized as having a cross-sectional shape of a low rectangle with the width equal to the distance between said vertical walls and the height equal to the vertical distance between said guiding plates;
• said wind way further characterized as providing a possibility for narrow streams of wind to blow unobstructed through said air gaps between said guiding plates and said outer circles of the rotors;
• said exit of the wind tunnel, defined as a diffuser, said diffuser comprising two plates, gradually diverging from each other and from said wind way at angles no bigger than 20 degrees from the horizontal level, said plates of the diffuser connecting said vertical walls of the shroud slightly below said back side of the upper plate and slightly above said back side of the lower plate of the shroud, leaving narrow air gaps between said plates of the diffuser and said plates, providing exits for the air, pumped between said plates of the shroud and said wind tunnel;
• said plates of the diffuser having a front side, a back side and two lateral sides;
• said lateral sides adapted to connect said vertical walls, partially diverged at said exit of the shroud;
• one of said plates connected with said back side of the last of the guiding plates of the wind way, the other having said front side thereof close to the horizontal level of said horizontal axis of rotation of the last rotor and close to said outer circle thereof;
• said diffuser providing a gradually expanding vertically and horizontally area, bigger in size compared with said entrance of the wind tunnel, said exit of the wind tunnel defined as an area of lower static air pressure, causing a tunnel suction for the wind flow through said wind way;
• lower pumping plates, positioned between said outer circles of said lower line of rotors beneath said guiding plates;
• each of said pumping plates having a front side, a back side and two lateral sides;
• said pumping plates having said lateral sides fixed to said vertical walls of the shroud, said front sides positioned below said horizontal axes of rotation of the rotors and said back sides fixed close to said back sides of the lower guiding plates;
• upper pumping plates, positioned between said outer circles of said upper line of rotors above said upper guiding plates, each of said guiding plates having a front side, a back side and two lateral sides;
• said pumping plates having said lateral sides fixed to said vertical walls of the shroud, said front sides fixed above said horizontal axes of rotation of the rotors and said back sides fixed close to said back sides of the upper guiding plates;
• a super-diffuser, providing an extended zone of low static air pressure above, behind and below said exit of the wind tunnel and increasing the tunnel suction from said exit of said wind tunnel, said super-diffuser comprising:
• an upper air duct, having an entrance for the wind, an exit for the wind and an air passage between said entrance and said exit defined by an upper diverging plate and two vertical diverging lateral plates, fixed to said upper plate of the shroud, and positioned in the vertical planes passing through said diverging parts of the vertical walls of the shroud;
• said air duct gradually expanding vertically and horizontally from said entrance to said exit;
• said upper diverging plate positioned symmetrically along said vertical plane of symmetry and at some distance from said upper plate of the shroud, gradually diverging thereof at an angle no bigger than 12 degrees and having a part of said diverging plate overlapping said upper plate of the shroud, leaving some open space between said super-diffuser and said ceiling of the air concourse for a flow of digressed and contracted wind stream;
• a lower air duct, identical to said upper air duct, positioned below said lower plate of the shroud, having a lower diverging plate fixed to said lower plate by two vertical diverging plates and equally overlapping said lower plate;
• said lower diverged plate further characterized as providing some space for a flow of digressed and contracted wind stream between said super-diffuser and said turntable;
• two vertical diverging walls, extending said vertical delivering walls of the shroud, connecting the lateral sides of said upper and said lower diverging plates and closing a perimeter of said extended zone of said exit of the wind tunnel;
• said shroud, said wind tunnel, said pumping plates and said super-diffuser further characterized as made of a durable, rigid and strong material, having less possible coefficient of friction with the air flow;
• means for converting said rotating torque, intercepted by said rotors, into electrical energy, said means comprising electrical generators, having a mechanical connection with said rotors, said electrical generators mounted on said supportive structure from both sides of said rotors;
• c) means for deflecting the wind, blowing towards said stability belts in the direction of said air concourse, located above thereof, thereby gradually contracting the wind, blowing through said air concourses, and for gradually expanding the wind flow, blowing out of said air concourses, thereby accelerating the wind, flowing through said air concourses said means comprising:
• a plurality of solar panels, adapted to connect said perimeters of said lower decks and said perimeters of said upper decks of said stability belts, said solar panels fixed on said balconies from the south, the east and west side of the building;
• a plurality of tilted plates, made of a rigid and strong material, having low coefficient of friction with the wind flow, said plates connecting said perimeters of said lower and said upper decks, fixed on said balconies from the north side of the building;
• d) means for intercepting the solar energy comprising:
• said solar panels, fixed on said balconies and solar panels, mounted on said roof of the building;
• a power storage assemblies, operationally coupled with said solar panels for storing electricity from said solar panels;
• said power storage assemblies positioned inside of said stability belts;
• e) means for controlling the work of the power plant, said means comprising:
• a computer, installed inside of one of said stability belts;
• a plurality of power drives, connected with said lower nozzle panel, one power drive for each one of said rotor trains, for moving said lower nozzle panel relative to said entrance of the wind tunnel, changeably covering from the wind a part of said entrance, avoiding synchronous rotational speed of two or more rotors from different levels of the building, and completely covering said entrance from extreme high wind, for maintenance and in case of a low demand for electrical power;
• an actuator, connected with said central shaft of said rotor and rotating together with said shaft;
• a speed control sensor, fixed to said supportive structure and actuated by said actuator with every revolution thereof;
• said speed control sensor and said power drive further characterized as operationally connected with said computer.