US 7,127,688 B2 · Method and apparatus for determining interactive electromagnetic effects among conductors of a multi-layer circuit

Abstract

To estimate a distribution of voltages or currents in the layers of a multi-layer circuit, an exemplary current flow in each layer is discretized into a number of current vector elements and at least one scalar charge element related to the charge associated with each current vector element. A first distribution of voltages induced in each circuit layer is determined from current vector elements in all of the circuit layers. A second distribution of voltages induced in each circuit layer is determined from the scalar charge elements in all of the circuit layers. For each circuit layer, the first and second distributions of voltages induced therein are combined to determine an actual distribution of voltages in the circuit layer.

Claims38

Dependent claims

A method of determining a distribution of voltages or currents in a plurality of layers of a multi-layer circuit design in response to energization of the circuit design with an exemplary bias, the method comprising:

(a) discretizing an exemplary current that flows in each layer of a multi-layer circuit design in response to an application of an exemplary bias to the circuit design into a plurality of currant vector elements on said layer;
(b) determining for each current vector element on each layer at least one corresponding scalar charge element on said layer;
(c) determining for each layer from the current vector elements on the plurality of layers, a spectrum of a first electromagnetic (em) field induced in the layer;
(d) determining a first distribution of voltages induced in each layer from the spectrum of the first electromagnetic (em) field induced in said layer;
(e) determining for each layer from the scalar charge elements on the plurality of layers, a spectrum of a second em field induced in the layer;
(f) determining a second distribution of voltages induced in each circuit layer from the spectrum of the second em field induced in said layer;
and
(g) determining for each layer from the first and second distributions of voltages induced in the layer, a distribution of voltages in the layer.

5 more elements

A method of determining a distribution of voltages or currents in a multi-layer circuit design in response to energization of the circuit design wit an exemplary bias, the method comprising:

(a) defining top and bottom layers for each conductor in each level of a multi-layer circuit design;
(b) discretizing an exemplary current that flows in each layer in response to an application of an exemplary bias to the circuit design into a plurality of current vector elements on said layer;
(c) determining for each current vector element on each layer, at least one scalar charge element on said layer related to a derivative of said current vector element;
(d) determining a current spectrum for each layer from the current vector elements on said layer;
(e) determining for each pair of layers, a distribution of a first electromagnetic (em) field induced in the one of said pair of layers (target layer) due to an effect of at least one current vector element in the other of said pair of layers (source layer), wherein the pairs of layers include:
each layer acting as both the target layer and the source layer;
and
each layer acting as the target layer for each other layer, one-at-a-time, acting as the source layer;
(f) determining a first em field spectrum for each instance of the first em field distribution;
(g) for each instance where each layer is the target layer of a pair of layers, combining the current spectrum determined for said layer in step (d) with the first em field spectrum determined for said instance of said layer in step (f) to obtain a spectrum of an induced vector field distribution matrix;
(h) for instances where each layer is the target layer of a pair of layers, combining the spectrums of the induced vector field distribution matrices associated with said instances to obtain for said layer, a corresponding composite spectrum of induced vector field distribution matrices;
(i) determining from the composite spectrum of induced vector field distribution matrices for each layer, a corresponding actual vector induced field matrix;
(j) determining a first distribution of voltages in each layer from the actual vector induced field matrix for said layer;
(k) determining a charge spectrum for each layer from scalar charge elements determined on said layer;
(l) determining for each pair of layers, a distribution of a second electromagnetic (em) field induced in one of said pair of layers (target layer) due to an effect of at least one scalar charge element in the other of said pair of layers (source layer), wherein the pairs of layers include:
each layer acting as both the target layer and the source layer;
and
each layer acting as the target layer for each other layer, one-at-a-time, acting as the source layer;
(m) determining a second em field spectrum for each instance of the second em field distribution;
(n) for each instance where each layer is the target layer of a pair of layers, combining the charge spectrum determined for said layer in step (k) with the second em field spectrum determined for said instance of said layer in step (m) to obtain a spectrum of an induced scalar field distribution matrix;
(o) far instances where each layer is the target layer of a pair of layers, combining the spectrums of the induced scalar field distribution matrices associated with said instances to obtain for said layer, a corresponding composite spectrum of induced scalar field distribution matrices;
(p) determining from the composite spectrum of induced scalar field distribution matrices for each layer, a corresponding actual scalar induced field matrix;
(q) determining a second distribution of voltages in each layer from the actual scalar induced field matrix for said layer;
and
(r) combining corresponding voltages of the first and second distribution of voltages determined for each layer to obtain a new distribution of voltages in said layer.

22 more elements

A computer aided method of determining a distribution of voltages or currents in conductors of a multi-layer circuit design in response to application of a bias to said circuit design, the method comprising:

(a) defining top and bottom layers for each conductor in each level of a multi-layer circuit design;
(b) discretizing a conductive portion of each layer into a plurality of mesh elements, with adjacent mesh elements in each layer defining an edge therebetween, with adjacent layers of the same conductor having edges of their respective mesh elements in alignment;
(c) discretizing a flow of an exemplary current through each mesh element into at least one current vector element;
(d) determining for each current vector element, at least one scalar charge element related to a derivative of the current vector element;
(e) defining a rectangular grid for each layer, with rectangular grids having a same spatial relationship as corresponding layers and being identical to each other;
(f) discretizing current vector elements of each layer on a corresponding rectangular grid;
(g) determining a current spectrum for each rectangular grid from the discretized current vector elements on said rectangular grid;
(h) determining for each pair of rectangular grids, a first electromagnetic (em) field induced in one of said pair of rectangular grids (target grid) due to at least one discretized current vector element in the other of said pair of rectangular grids (source grid), wherein the pairs of rectangular grids include each rectangular grid acting as both the target grid and the source grid, and each rectangular grid acting as the target grid for each other rectangular grid acting as the source grid;
(i) determining a first em field spectrum for each instance of the first em field;
(j) for each instance of each rectangular grid acting as the target grid of a pair of grids, combining the current spectrum determined for said rectangular grid in step (g) with the first em field spectrum determined for said instance of said rectangular grid in step (i) to obtain a spectrum of an induced vector field distribution matrix;
(k) combining the spectrums of the induced vector field distribution matrices associated with the instances of each rectangular grid acting as the target grid of a pair of grids to obtain a composite spectrum of the induced vector field distribution matrices for said rectangular grid;
(l) determining an actual vector induced field matrix for each rectangular grid from the composite spectrum of the induced vector field distribution matrices for said rectangular grid;
(m) determining a voltage that is induced where each current vector element resides on each rectangular grid from the actual vector induced field matrix for said rectangular grid;
(n) discretizing scalar charge elements of each layer on a corresponding rectangular grid;
(o) determining a charge spectrum for each rectangular grid from the discretized scalar charge elements on said rectangular grid;
(p) determining for each pair of rectangular grids, a second em field induced in one of said pair of rectangular grids (target grid) due to at least one discretized scalar charge element in the other of said pair of rectangular grids (source grid), wherein the pairs of rectangular grids include each rectangular grid acting as both the target grid and the source grid, and each rectangular grid acting as the target grid for each other rectangular grid acting as the source grid;
(q) determining a second em field spectrum for each instance of the second em field;
(r) for each instance of each rectangular grid acting as the target grid of a pair of grids, combining the charge spectrum determined for said rectangular grid in step (o) with the second em field spectrum determined for said instance of said rectangular grid in step (q) to obtain a spectrum of an induced scalar field distribution matrix;
(s) combining the spectrums of the induced scalar field distribution matrices associated with the instances of each rectangular grid acting as the target grid of a pair of grids to obtain a composite spectrum of the induced scalar field distribution matrices for said rectangular grid;
(t) determining an actual scalar induced field matrix for each rectangular grid from the composite spectrum of the induced scalar field distribution matrices for said rectangular grid;
(u) determining a voltage that is induced where each scalar charge element resides on each rectangular grid from the actual scalar induced field matrix for said rectangular grid;
and
(v) combining the voltage determined for each current vector element in step (m) with the voltage determined for the corresponding scalar charge element in step (u) to obtain a first voltage that has been induced on the edge of the mesh element that resides at the corresponding location on the rectangular grid due to em effects of the exemplary current flowing in each mesh element.

20 more elements

A computer readable medium having stored thereon instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to:

(a) discretize an exemplary current that flows in each layer of a multi-layer circuit design in response to an application of an exemplary bias to the circuit design into a plurality of current vector elements on said circuit layer;
(b) determine for each current vector element on each layer at least one corresponding scalar charge element on said layer;
(c) determine for each layer from the current vector elements on the plurality of layers a spectrum of a first electromagnetic (em) field induced in the layer;
(d) determine a first distribution of voltages induced in each layer from the spectrum of the first electromagnetic (em) field induced in said layer;
(e) determine for each layer from scalar charge elements on the plurality of layers, a spectrum of a second em field induced in the layer;
(f) determine a second distribution of voltages induced in each layer from the spectrum of the second em field induced in said layer;
and
(g) determine for each layer from the first and second distributions of voltages induced in the layer, an actual distribution of voltages in the layer.

5 more elements

A computer readable medium having stored thereon instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to:

(a) define top and bottom layers for each conductor in each level of a multi-layer circuit design;
(b) discretize an exemplary current that flows in each layer in response to an application of an exemplary bias to the circuit design into a plurality of current vector elements on said layer;
(c) determine for each current vector element on each layer, at least one scalar charge element on said layer related to a derivative of said current vector element;
(d) determine a current spectrum for each layer from the current vector elements on said layer;
(e) determine for each pair of layers, a distribution of a first electromagnetic (em) field induced in the one of said pair of layers (target layer) due to an effect of at least one current vector element in the other of said pair of layers (source layer), wherein the pairs of layers include:
each layer acting as both the target layer and the source layer;
and
each layer acting as the target layer for each other layer, one-at-a-time, acting as the source layer;
(f) determine a first em field spectrum for each instance of the first em field distribution;
(g) for each instance where each layer is the target layer of a pair of layers, combine the current spectrum determined for said layer in step (d) with the first em field spectrum determined for said instance of said layer in step (f) to obtain a spectrum of an induced vector field distribution matrix;
(h) for instances where each layer is the target layer of a pair of layers, combine spectrums of the induced vector field distribution matrices associated with said instances to obtain for said layer a corresponding composite spectrum of induced vector field distribution matrices;
(i) determine from the composite spectrum of induced vector field distribution matrices for each layer, a corresponding actual vector induced field matrix;
(j) determine a first distribution of voltages in each layer from the actual vector induced field matrix for said layer;
(k) determine a charge spectrum for each layer from scalar charges on said layer;
(l) determine for each pair of discrete layers, a distribution of a second electromagnetic (em) field induced in one of said pair of layers (target layer) due to an effect of at least one scalar charge element in the other of said pair of layers (source layer), wherein the pairs of layers include:
each layer acting as both the target layer and the source layer;
and
each layer acting as the target layer for each other layer, one-at-a-time, acting as the source layer;
(m) determine a second em field spectrum for each instance of the second em field distribution;
(n) for each instance where each layer is the target layer of a pair of layers, combine the charge spectrum determined for said layer in step (k) with the second em field spectrum determined for said instance of said layer in step (m) to obtain a spectrum of an induced scalar field distribution matrix;
(o) for instances where each layer is the target layer of a pair of layers, combine spectrums of the induced scalar field distribution matrices associated with said instances to obtain for said layer a corresponding composite spectrum of induced scalar field distribution matrices;
(p) determine from the composite spectrum of induced scalar field distribution matrices for each layer, a corresponding actual scalar induced field matrix;
(q) determine a second distribution of voltages in each layer from the actual scalar induced field matrix for said layer;
and
(r) combine corresponding voltages of the first and second distribution of voltages determined for each layer to obtain a new distribution of voltages in said layer.

22 more elements

A computer readable medium having stored thereon instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to:

(a) define discrete top and bottom layers for each conductor in each level of a multi-layer circuit design;
(b) discretize a conductive portion of each layer into a plurality of mesh elements, with adjacent mesh elements in each layer defining an edge therebetween, with adjacent layers of a same conductor having edges of their respective mesh elements in alignment;
(c) discretize a flow of an exemplary current through each mesh element into at least one current vector element;
(d) determining for each current vector element, at least one scalar charge element related to a derivative of the current vector element;
(e) define a rectangular grid for each layer, with rectangular grids having a same spatial relationship as corresponding layers and being identical to each other;
(f) discretize current vector elements of each layer on a corresponding rectangular grid;
(g) determine a current spectrum far each rectangular grid from the discretized current vector elements on said rectangular grid;
(h) determine for each pair of rectangular grids, a first electromagnetic (em) field induced in one of said pair of rectangular grids (target grid) due to at least one discretized current vector element in the other of said pair of rectangular grids (source grid), wherein pairs of rectangular grids include each rectangular grid acting as both the target grid and the source grid, and each rectangular grid acting as the target grid for each other rectangular grid acting as the source grid;
(i) determine a first em field spectrum for each instance of the first em field;
(j) for each instance of each rectangular grid acting as the target grid of a pair of grids, combine the current spectrum determined for said rectangular grid in step (g) with the first em field spectrum determined for said instance of said rectangular grid in step (i) to obtain a spectrum of an induced vector field distribution matrix;
(k) combine spectrums of the induced vector field distribution matrices associated with the instances of each rectangular grid acting as the target grid of a pair of grids to obtain a composite spectrum of the induced vector field distribution matrices for said rectangular grid;
(l) determine an actual vector induced field matrix for each rectangular grid from the composite spectrum of the induced vector field distribution matrices for said rectangular grid;
(m) determine a voltage that is induced where each current vector element resides on each rectangular grid from the actual vector induced field matrix for said rectangular grid;
(n) discretize scalar charge elements of each layer on a corresponding rectangular grid;
(o) determine a charge spectrum for each rectangular grid from the discretized charge elements on said rectangular grid;
(p) determine for each pair of rectangular grids, a second em field induced in one of said pair of rectangular grids (target grid) due to at least one discretized scalar charge element in the other of said pair of rectangular grids (source grid), wherein pairs of rectangular grids include each rectangular grid acting as both the target grid and the source grid, and each rectangular grid acting as the target grid for each other rectangular grid acting as the source grid;
(q) determine a second em field spectrum for each instance of the second em field;
(r) for each instance of each rectangular grid acting as the target grid of a pair of grids, combine the charge spectrum determined for said rectangular grid in step (o) with the second em field spectrum determined for said instance of said rectangular grid in step (q) to obtain a spectrum of an induced scalar field distribution matrix;
(s) combine spectrums of the induced scalar field distribution matrices associated with the instances of each rectangular grid acting as the target grid of a pair of grids to obtain a composite spectrum of the induced scalar field distribution matrices for said rectangular grid;
(t) determine an actual scalar induced field matrix for each rectangular grid from the composite spectrum of the induced scalar field distribution matrices for said rectangular grid;
(u) determine a voltage that is induced where each scalar charge element resides on each rectangular grid from the actual scalar induced field matrix for said rectangular grid;
and
(v) combine the voltage determined for each current vector element in step (m) with the voltage determined for the corresponding scalar charge element in step (u) to obtain a first voltage that has been induced at the edge of the mesh element that resides at a corresponding location on the rectangular grid due to em effects of the exemplary current flow in each mesh element.

20 more elements

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.

Method and apparatus for determining interactive electromagnetic effects among conductors of a multi-layer circuit

Life of this patent

Method and apparatus for determining interactive electromagnetic effects among conductors of a multi-layer circuit

Life of this patent

Abstract

Claims38