Polar-modified bonded phase materials for chromatographic separations

A composition for use as a stationary phase in chromatography comprising an inorganic substrate that is modified with at least one silane having the formula

• R1δ-Qα-(CH2)βSiR2γX3-γ,
• wherein R1 is hydrogen, C1–C100 substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
• wherein the substituents are selected from C1–C12 hydrocarbyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, halogen, amino, nitro, sulfo, and carbonyl;
• α is 0 or 1;
• β is 0–30;
• γ is 0, 1 or 2;
• δ is 0–3;
• R2 is C1–C100 substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
• wherein the substituents are selected from C1–C12 hydrocarbyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, halogen, amino, nitro, sulfo, and carbonyl;
• Q is independently selected from —NHC(O)—, —C(O)NH—, —OC(O)NH—, —NHC(O)O—, —NHC(O)NH—, —NCO, —CHOHCHOH—, CH2OCHCH2O—, —(CH2CH2O)n—, —(CH2CH2CH2O)n—, —C(O)—, —C(O)O—, —OC(O)—, CH3C(O)CH2—, —S—, —SS—, —CHOH—, —O—, —SO—, —SO2—, —SO3—, —OSO3—, —SO2NH—, —SO2NMe—, —NH—, —NMe—, —NMe2+—, —N[(CH2)n]2+—, —CN, —NC, —CHOCH—, —NHC(NH)NH—, —NO2, —NO, —OPO3—, where n is 1–30;
• and
• X is a leaving group.
• wherein said inorganic substrate is equilibrated in an atmosphere having a defined relative humidity of less than 40% prior to being modified with the at least one silane, sufficiently to minimize anion exchange activity and enhance stability to base and acid treatment.