Optical head for optical recording having a hologram element that generates multiple diffracted light beams of different orders

An optical head, comprising:

• (a) a light source for emitting a light beam to be irradiated to an optical recording medium as an incident light beam;
• (b) a hologram element including a first diffraction grating on a surface of said element and a second diffraction grating on an opposite surface thereof, said first and second gratings having different patterns, and wherein at least one of said patterns is non-linear and has an offset center with respect to the other diffraction grating pattern;
• said element receiving a reflected light beam generated by reflection of said incident light beam on said medium, thereby generating at least two diffracted light beams for focusing error detection and at least two diffracted light beams for tracking error detection by using said first and second gratings;
• (c) an optical detector for detecting the at least two diffracted light beams for focusing error detection and the at least two diffracted light beams for tracking error detection;
• said detector including a first receiving surface for receiving the at least two diffracted light beams for focusing error detection and a second receiving surface for receiving the at least two diffracted light beams for tracking error detection;
• each of said first and second receiving surfaces being divided into receiving regions;
• the at least two diffracted light beams for focusing error detection being received at said receiving regions of said first receiving surface;
• the at least two diffracted light beams for tracking error detection being received at said receiving regions of said second receiving surface;
• wherein said hologram element has a property of selectively exhibiting a diffraction grating function according to a polarization direction of said reflected light beam, and wherein the hologram element has a refractive index that varies according to the polarization direction.

An optical head, comprising:

• (a) a light source that emits a light beam to be irradiated to an optical recording medium as an incident light beam;
• (b) a hologram element that receives a reflected light beam generated by reflection of said incident light beam on said medium to generate at least two diffracted light beams for focusing error detection and at least two diffracted light beams for tracking error detection;
• and
• (c) an optical detector that detects the at least two diffracted light beams for focusing error detection and the at least two diffracted light beams for tracking error detection,
• wherein said hologram element includes at least first and second diffraction gratings, said gratings having different grating patterns and at least one of said grating patterns being arc-shaped and having an offset center with respect to another of said grating patterns, and the other of said grating patterns being linear, and wherein said first diffraction grating is disposed on a surface of said element and said second diffraction grating is disposed on an opposite surface thereof.