Electromechanical operator for a valve of an internal combustion engine

Apparatus for operating a valve of an internal combustion engine, comprising:

• a first polarized type electromagnet comprising a permanent magnet and a winding;
• a second polarized type electromagnet comprising a permanent magnet and a winding;
• a spring;
• and
• a ferromagnetic type device connected to said valve, and displaceable by said first electromagnet, said second electromagnet and said spring to shift said valve to either an open position or a close position;
• wherein said ferromagnetic device is at a first position near said first electromagnet when said valve is in said closed position and held at said first position in the absence of a current in said winding of said first electromagnet, and at a second position near said second electromagnet when said valve is in said open position and held at said second position in the absence of a current in said winding of said second electromagnet, thereby minimizing the consumption of electric energy;
• and
• wherein said ferromagnetic device and said spring is operable to shift said valve from said open position to said closed position when a defluxing current is applied to said winding of said second electromagnet to oppose the effect of said permanent magnet of said second electromagnet, and to shift said valve from said close position to said open position when said defluxing current is applied to said winding of said first electromagnet to oppose the effect of said permanent magnet of said first electromagnet.