Nitric oxide-releasing imidate and thioimidate diazeniumdiolates

A compound of the formula (I):

• wherein
• X is O or S;
• R1 is hydrogen, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-12 straight chain alkyl, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-12 branched chain alkyl, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-12 straight chain alkenyl, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-12 branched chain alkenyl, an unsubstituted or substituted alkoxy, halo, an unsubstituted or substituted benzyl, an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, amino, an unsubstituted or substituted alkylamino, an unsubstituted or substituted arylamino, an unsubstituted or substituted dialkylamino, an unsubstituted or substituted diarylamino, an unsubstituted or substituted tolyl, xylyl, anisyl, mesityl, an unsubstituted or substituted alkylthio, an unsubstituted or substituted alkyloxy, an unsubstituted or substituted phenoxy, an unsubstituted or substituted benzyloxy, or nitro;
• R2 is an unsubstituted or substituted C1-12 straight chain alkyl or an unsubstituted, substituted C3-12 branched chain alkyl, or a phenyl;
• R3 is hydrogen, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-12 straight chain alkyl, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-12 branched chain alkyl, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-12 straight chain alkenyl, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-12 branched chain alkenyl, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-8 cycloalkyl, benzyl or substituted benzyl, or phenyl or substituted phenyl;
• and
• M+X is a pharmaceutically acceptable cation, x is the valence of the cation, and a and b are the smallest integers that result in a neutral compound,
• wherein the compound is bound to a substrate.