Biphenyl and biphenyl-analogous compounds as integrin antagonists

A compound of the formula (1):

• where
• R1 is hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or cycloalkyl residue, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl residue or a saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted heterocyclic residue;
• R2 is hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or cycloalkyl residue, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl residue, a saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted heterocyclic residue, an optionally substituted alkenyl residue, an optionally substituted alkinyl residue, —NR2′SO2R2″, —NR2′COOR2″, —NR2′COR2′, —NR2′CONR2′2 or —NR2′CSNR2′2;
• R2′ is hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or cycloalkyl residue, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl residue or a saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted heterocyclic residue;
• R2″ is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or cycloalkyl residue, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl residue or a saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted heterocyclic residue;
• U is a direct bond or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group;
• V is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, —NR2′CO— or —NR2′SO2—;
• A and B are each independently of one another a 1,3- or 1,4-bridging phenylene group or a 2,4- or 2,5-bridging thienylene group each of which may optionally have additional substituents wherein together A and B represent one 1,3- or 1,4-bridging phenylene group and one 2,4- or 2,5-bridging thienylene group each of which may optionally have additional substituents,
• W is a direct bond or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group;
• C is a direct bond or
• R3 is hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or cycloalkyl residue, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl residue, a saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted heterocyclic residue, an alkylamine residue, an alkylamide residue or is connected to one of R4, Y, R5 or R6, if present, with formation of an optionally substituted heterocyclic ring system which includes the nitrogen atom to which R3 is bonded, and can be saturated or unsaturated and/or can contain further heteroatoms;
• R4 is hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or cycloalkyl residue, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl residue, an alkylamine residue, an alkylamide residue or is connected to one of R3, Y, or R6, if present, with formation of an optionally substituted heterocyclic ring system which includes the nitrogen atom to which R4 is bonded and can be saturated or unsaturated and/or can contain further heteroatoms;
• X is CHNO2, CHCN, O, N or S;
• Y is a direct bond or an optionally substituted alkylene or alkine group;
• R5 is absent, or is hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or cycloalkyl residue, —NO2, —CN, —COR5′, —COOR5′, or is connected to one of to one of R3 or Y, if present, with formation of an optionally substituted carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring system which includes X and can be saturated or unsaturated and/or can contain further heteroatoms;
• R5′ is hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or cycloalkyl residue, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl residue or a saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted heterocyclic residue which can be saturated or unsaturated and/or can contain further heteroatoms;
• R6 is hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or cycloalkyl residue, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or arylcarbonyl residue, a saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted heterocyclic residue, an alkylamine residue, an alkylamide residue or is connected to one of R3, R4, or Y, if present, with formation of an optionally substituted heterocyclic ring system which includes the nitrogen atom to which R6 is bonded and can be saturated or unsaturated and/or can contain further heteroatoms;
• and their physiologically acceptable salts and stereoisomers.